• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

1990 Vol. 3, No. 1

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TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE GENUS FORMICA L. OF CHINA (HYMENOPTERA:FORMICIDAE)
Wu Jian
1990, 3(1): 1-8.
Abstract:
In the paper, 2 new species of the Genus are described. Among the species, 6 new records (Formica longiceps, F. lemani, F. gagatoides, F. aquilonia, F. polyctena and F. glauca) from China and 2 new status (Formica sinae and F. approximans) are mentioned. Formica pratensis var. superba is a new synonym of F. uralensis and F. rufibarbis var. glabridorsis is a new synonym of F. cunicularia. A revisionary key to worker caste of Chinese species is provided. Formica beijingensis, sp. n. (figs. 1, 15)The new species is close to F. fukalii Wheeler and F. longiceps Dlussky with erect hairs on eyes, but can be distinguished from them in the outstanding hairs of the gastric tergites presenting only on the 3rd segment to the end, in the rounded clypeus, and in the profemora longer and FI over 94.Holotype: worker, Mt. Baihuashan, Beijing, 142 Ⅹ 1987, Wu Jian and Wang Changlu legs. Paratypes: 46 workers, from the holotype's nest; 3 workers, Mt. Baihuashan, Beijing, 20 Ⅸ 1987, Feng Lingmin leg. Formica wongi, sp. n. (figs. 10, 18)The new species resembles F. sinensis Wheeler and F. yessensis Forel, but it can be distinguished from the former by no hairs on the pronotum (sometimes having l-2 hairs in the front) and tergites l-3 of the gaster, body rather dull, and SI over 100; and from the latter by the sparse outstanding hairs on whole body. Holotype: worker, Yongjie, Jielin Prov., 6Ⅹ1983, Gu Huansheng leg. Paratypes: 38 workers with the same data as the holotype.The species is named after Dr. H. K. Wong, my supervisor in Canada.All the types are deposited in the Insect Collections of The Research Institute of Forestry, the Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.
1990, 3(1): 8-8.
Abstract:
A STUDY ON VA MYCORRHIZAE FORMED ON THE TISSUE-CULTURED PLANTLETS OF PAULOWNIA
Guo Xiuzhen, Zhao Zhipeng, Bi Guochang
1990, 3(1): 9-14.
Abstract:
Tissue-cultured plantlets of 2 Paulownia species (Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. and P. albiphloea Z. H. Zhu. sp. nov.) were inoculated with Glomus epigaeum Daniels & Trappe in containers containing mixed substrate of peat-vermiculite-sand-soil (2:1:1:1 v/v). After 30 days of inoculation, growth of plantlets between the inoculated and uninoculated treatments showed a significant difference in shoot height, collar diameter and foliage area, but there was no difference between the species. The observation of vertical distribution of VA mycorrhizae on the root system of Paulownia seedlings showed that most of VA mycorrhizae were concentrated in the top 10 cm soil layer. The morphology and fine structures of these mycorrhizae were also studied by light and scanning electron microscopes. The distribution of several nutrient elements in these mycorrhizae was detected with X-ray microanalysis, spectra of which showed that arbuscules, vesicles and hyphae contained more P, S, Mg and Ca than the uninoculated plantlets did.
1990, 3(1): 14-14.
Abstract:
STUDIES ON DYNAMIC CHANGES OF CARBONHYDRATE AND LIPID CONTENTS IN HEMOLYMPH OF DENDROLIMUS PUNCTATUS AND THE METABOLIC EFFECTS OF DELTAMETHRIN AND TRICHLORFON
Zhu Pengfei, Wang Yinchang, You Ziping
1990, 3(1): 15-21.
Abstract:
The daily and seasonal dynamic changes of carbonhydrate and lipid contents in hemolymph of the 5th instar larvae of pine caterpillar (D.punctatus), and the metabolic effects of a pyrethroid (Deltamethrin) and an organophosphorous insecticide (Trichlorfon) were studied. The results for the normal (untreated) larvae were as follows:(1) The changes of the total hemolymph carbonhydrate contents are shown in following orders: Active summer larvaeActive larvae before hibernation Active larvae after hibernationHibernatant larvae, their respective concentration being 65.5, 33.1, 32.8 and 30.0mg/ml.(2) The changes of total hemolymph lipid content have been arranged in the following order: Active larvae before hibcrnationActive summer larvaeActive larvae after hibernationHibernatant larvae, their concentra. tion being 67.3, 63.2,48.8 and 10.7 mg/100 ml respectively. The results also showed that the daily changes of the hemolymph carbonhydrate contents of untreated larvae were negatively correlated with those of lipid contents.In addition, it was found that the effects of deltamethrin and trichlorfon to the concentration changes in hemolymph carbonhydrate and lipid were quite different. Deltamethrin would cause the elevation in hemolymph carbon-hydrate and the depletion of blood lipid during most of the experimental period. The trichlorfon-treated larvae, on the other hand, exhibited a decrease in the hemolymph carbonhydrate contents. Also, the hemolymph lipid contents would be elevated with the onset of hyperactivity and depleted then after. Finally, the best time for controlling massonpine caterpiller by using insecticides and the mechanisms of insecticide-induced changes hemolymph carbonhydrate and lipid metabolism were discussed in this paper.
1990, 3(1): 21-21.
Abstract:
THE STUDY ON THE SITE CLASSIFICATION AND ITS EVALUATION AT FOREST LAND IN THE PLAIN FORMERLY FIOODED BY THE HUANGHE RIVER
Liu Shoupo, Zhu Zhanxue, Zhang Ying, Xu Xiaoqing, Chen Shunli, Liu Ming, Gao Xuezheng, Zhang Shouliang
1990, 3(1): 22-28.
Abstract:
A study on the site classification and its evaluation of poplar forest land in the plain formerly flooded by the Huanghe River has been conducted and data of 23 fixed sample plots for 4-6 years and other 56 plots in 4 counties in the plain formerly flooded by the Huanghe River were analyzed by means of quality and quantity determination. In the analysis, topography has not been used as the basis for classification, because the terrain slopes gradually and it has no influence on the growth of Populus tomentosa,while the stable soil type, its texture and its profile structure have been used as the main factors for site classification. They are graded according to the interrelationship between the soil characteristics and the growth of poplar. The site classification of the forest land in the plain formerly flooded by the Huanghe River is worked out according to the classified standards of the main factors. Based on the main site classifications, quality evaluation is made by means of the site index and soil characteristics.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EMBRYOLOGY OF THE INTERGENERIC CROSS BETWEEN POPULUS SIMONII AND SALIX MATSUDANA
Xu Han, Li Wendian
1990, 3(1): 29-33.
Abstract:
The pollen grains of Salix matsudana can hydrate on the stigma of Populus simonii. Most of them germinate and many pollen tubes penetrate into the stigma with no serious barriers. The major prefertilization barriers are:① Most of the pollen tubes cease to grow at the basal part of the style of P. simonii in which the stylar cells are arranged more compactly than those of S. matsudana and contain a lot of starch grains. ② A large number of the pollen tubes which have entered the ovarian cavity coil and fail to reach the ovules. The frequency of fertilization is very low while the process is somehow normal if it takes place. The postfertilization barriers are; the development of some hybrid embryos appears abnormal and the incongruity between the hybrid embryos and their endosperms is quite obvious. Some hybrid embryos even abort before maturation. In vitro culture of immature embryos or ovules is proved to be effective to overcome postfertilization barriers, A successful culture of the 11th DAP ovules containing proembryos has been done and it is the first report that in a woody-plant intergeneric hybridization, the hybrid ovules at proembryo stage can be cultured into seedlings. The model for incongruity is discussed here. As an improvement, the concepts of random process and polyplacity are introduced into the model.
EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID ON THE ACTIVITY OF RIBONUCLEASE FROM BLACK LOCUST SEEDLINGS
Lu Xianhui
1990, 3(1): 34-40.
Abstract:
There was about two-fold stimulation of RNase activity by the application of GA3 at 20ppm to Black Locust seedlings for 48 hours. Stimulative effect of GA3 on RNase activity to the cotyledons, young stems and young roots of seedlings was basically the same. The increase in activity was inhibited by the administration of 5-fluorouracil,cycloheximide and puromycin but stimulated by the administration of actinomycin D. It seems likely that actinomycin D treatments resulted in maintenance of high levels of enzyme activity by inhibiting the production of substances associated with enzyme decay. Purification of labelled RNase revealed that GA3 enhanced the RNase activity mainly by its fresh synthesis.
1990, 3(1): 40-40.
Abstract:
EFFECTS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON THE PROPAGATION IN VITRO OF SEVERAL WOODY PLANTS
Zhuge Qiang, Que Guoning
1990, 3(1): 41-46.
Abstract:
This report recommended a revised MS basal medium (macroelements were modified as follows: NH4NO3 850mg/L, KNO3 2000 mg/L, KH2PO4 100 mg/L, which is suitable for tissue culture of woody plants, by studying effects of three major nutrient elements (nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus) on the propagation in vitro of several woody plants (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook., Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb.) Lindl., etc.).Based on the data of the researches, the possibility in mass propagation in vitro of woody plants in particular those with difficulty for conventional propagation and some effective measures for increase of productivity and decrease of production cost were discussed.
1990, 3(1): 46-46.
Abstract:
STUDIES ON THE BIOMASS OF SONNERATIA CASEOLARIS STAND
Liao Baowen, Zheng Dezhang, Zheng Songfa
1990, 3(1): 47-54.
Abstract:
The paper deals with the biomass and production of average 5-aged Sonneratia caseolaris stand naturally regenerated. The biomass of tree layer was measured by allometric method and that of shrub and litter layer was measured by method of plot harvest. The result showed that the total biomass of the stand is 47.2340 t/ha, in which, tree, shrub and litter layer is 19.3608 t/ha, 27.5482 t/ha and 0.3250 t/ha respectively. The mean net production of tree layer is 3.8702 t/ha. Comparing with the mangroves in Matang, Malysia, the productivity of Sonneratia caseolaris stand in Hainan Island is higher than that of Rhizophora apiculata stand but much lower than that of managed mangroves.The biomass distribution in different layers of the stand is unreasonable, therefore, the shrub of Aegiceras corniculatum should be thinned to improve the growth and regeneration of the trees and increase productivity of the stand.
THE STUDY OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE BETULA IN CHINA
Jiang Jingmin
1990, 3(1): 55-62.
Abstract:
Based on the study of the evolutionary tendency and the geographical distribution of Chinese birch, we obtained some results as follows-1. The Betula is a north temperate genus in distribution, there are 31 native species in China. Among them, 2 species belong to Tropical Asian distribution pattern, 2 Old World Temperate, 7 Temperate Asian, 5 East Asian (1 Sino-Himalayan, 4 Sino-Japanese), and 13 endemic to China. It is obvious that the endemic component is dominant in Chinese birch flora.2. There are 15 species in the adjacent area of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau and the subtropical evergreen broad-leaves forest zone, 10 endemic to this area; 10 in northeast China, the cool-temperate needle-leaves forest zone, the temperate mixed needle-and deciduous broad-leaves forest zone, and the east area of the temperate grassland zone, 5 endemic species; 6 in the Aitai Mountain and the Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, all endemic to the area. Therefore, the 3 areas are the 3 centres of the differentiation of the Betula in China.3. There are the most primitive Sect. Betulaster (Spach) Regel and 3 subsections of Sect. Betula in Southwest China. They reflected the main stages of the systematic evolution of the Betula. We consider that the Betula originated in the mountain area of Southwest China, and then dispersed along mountain ranges and rivers.
1990, 3(1): 62-62.
Abstract:
A STUDY ON SOIL-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND CHANGE OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT IN MAN-MADE FORESTS OF CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA AND PINUS MASSONIANA
Ma Xuehua, Yang Guangying
1990, 3(1): 63-69.
Abstract:
This study was made in the yellow-red earth of man-made forests Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana in 1984-1988. There is a loam in soil texture. The depth of soil is thinner. The volume weight of soil ranges 0.78-1.35. The total porosity of soil is about 55%-77%, including capillarity porosity about 40%-50%.The coefficent of soil premeability 3.18-5.37mm/mun. The mean annual soil moisture content in 5 years is about 21%-32% of water. The soil moisture content in forests is more than that in the clear-cutting land, but the seasonal variation of soil moisture content in the forest is less than that in the clear-cutting land. The effect of climatical factors on soil moisture content is obvious. According to the mathematical statistics analysis, soil moisture(y) approximates precipitation (x1), air temperature (x2), air humidity (x3), air evaporation (x4) in polyromial regression, its equation is Y=a1x1 + a2x2 + a3x3 + a4x4 + a5. According to the analysis of this polyromial regression, the depth of soil moisture content, obviously effected by climatical factors, reaches to 20 cm of the soil in the forests and reaches to 40 cm of the soil in the clear-cutting land.
GENETIC DIFFERENCE AND SELECTION EVALUATION OF SECONDARY PROVENANCE OF ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA
Gu Wanchun, Wang Quanyuan, Zhan Yingtuo, Zhou Zhihe, Liu Dean
1990, 3(1): 70-75.
Abstract:
Planting tests of 9 secondary provenances of Robinia pseudoacacia have been conducted in Yuanyan County, Henan Province, Ci County, Hebei Province and Dengkou Experimental Bureau CAF for 8 years. The results show that there are genetic differences among the 9 secondary provenances. Data of Xijk, are used to conduct a linear model analysis and a comparison of i, and is made to analyze G×E and evaluate the productivity. Provenance adaptability is evaluated by means of XPB2 and CVPB. Volume gains of the selected superior secondary provenances in Central plains, North China and Hetao Area are over 13.0%, 11.7% and 18.5% respectively.
FACTORS TO AFFECT THE VOLTINISM OF THE PINE CATERPILLAR DENDROLIMUS TABULAEFORMIS IN BEIJING AREA
Jia Fengyou, Li Zhaolin
1990, 3(1): 76-80.
Abstract:
The pine caterpillar Dendrolimus tabulaeformis (in short: PC) enter diapause in response to short day length. The key factor to determine whether PC can continue its development in 3rd-4th instar larvae is photoperiod in Beijing area. The 1st instar larvae of PC have the most sensitivity to photo-period. The PC eggs start to hatch in the mid of July and the peak is usually in late July while the natural photoperiod out of door is just shorter than the critical photoperiod required by PC. Thus, the 3rd-4th instar larvae begin to fall into diapause and will overwinter under the trees in late Oct. and remain still till the following spring. Temperature and food nutrition can modify the voltinism of PC by affecting its growth and development.
A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF GROUP-PLANTING TRIAL OF CALAMUS TETRADACTYLUS
Zhang Weiliang, Yin Guangtian, Xu Huangcan
1990, 3(1): 81-85.
Abstract:
Calamus tetradactylus Hance, a native of South China, is one of the small-sized rattan species with commercial value. A study on group-planting (1, 3, 5 seedlings planted in one group respectively) was carried out at Jinkeng Forest Farm, Guangzhou, in March 1985. The effect of the different treatments of group-planting is discussed with reference to the stem growth, sucker shoot formation and length of stems. The results of 4 years after planting showed that the rate of mother stem growth was higher in single planting than in group-planting with no significant difference. However the sucker shoot formation per motherplant and the growth of shoot stems per clump showed significant difference between the treatments of group-planting. The total stem length and the number of stems per clump increased obviously with the number of seedlings planted.
THE ADAPTION OF YOUNG STANDS OF 12 FINE TIMBER TREE SPECIES ON DIFFERENT SITES
Ye Guiyan
1990, 3(1): 86-89.
Abstract:
This paper summarized the experimental results of twelve timber species introduced on three different sites in Hangzhou area. Pistacia chinensis and other five timber species grow faster on less saline-alkali soil of seaboard area. Toona microcarpa and other seven timber species are more suitable on neutral-less alkaline soil of limestone hilly area. Taiwania flousiana and other seven timber species grow fast on acid soil of sandstone hilly valley area. Taiwania flousiana and Fokienia hodginsii grow flourishly on the middle part of sandstone hilly.
EFFECT OF FERTILIZERS OF DIFFERENT RATIO OF N, P, K ON GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS OFDAEMONOROPS MARGARITAE
Chen Qingdu
1990, 3(1): 90-94.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the effects of sand culture with nutrient solutions of different ratio of N, P, K on the growth of the seedling of Daemonorops margaritae. The result shows that standard nutrient solution with 150 ppm N:40 ppm P:160 ppm K is the best for the growth of seedlings of Daemonorops margaritae among 27 treatments.
THE EXPERIMENT ON CONTROLLING ANOPLOPHORA GLABRIPENNIS BY TREE-BORER-KILLING INSECTICIDES
Chen Junlin, Gao Zuxun, Chen Jian, Zhu Caisong, Zhou Dongying
1990, 3(1): 95-97.
Abstract:
In 1984-1985, several tree-borer-killing insecticides were tested for their toxicity to Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), which causes serious damage to the willow trees in the scenic sites of the West Lake, Hangzhou. The experiments showed that spraying of the trunks and twigs with 20% "8302" and 10% "8310" emulsions (diluted to a concentration of 0.25% with water) usually resulted in 95% mortality. It was clear that these two insecticides were much more effective in killing the borer than the other insecticides tested, and their effects were not affected by the diameter of the trunks and twigs.
STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS IN FRUITS OF H. RHAMNOIDES
Wang Shouzong
1990, 3(1): 98-102.
Abstract:
The chemical components of the fruits of three subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides are reported in this paper. It is found that the contents of chemical components between the subspecies of H. rhamnoides at different locations vary significantly.The contents of chemical components in fresh fruits are: vitamin C 86.97-1897.38mg/100g, organic acids 1.21-8.12%, dissolvable saccharides 0.86-16%. The oil in absolute dry pulp is 2.53-38.65%. The composition of oil is 20-31% saturated fatty acids and 65-76% unsaturated fatty acids. The oil also contains vitamin E 100-200 mg/100 g and β-carotene 32.75-72.83 mg/100g. There are notable differences in vitamin C, dissolvable saccharides and oil in the fruits of the three subspecies, but no observable difference between H. rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi and H. rhamnoides L. turkestanica Rousi,by means of "t" test. Besides, there are 17 kinds of amino acids and 26 kinds of mineral elements in H. rhamncides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi.