• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

1995 Vol. 8, No. 1

Display Method:
Geographic Pattern of Chemical Components in Wood and Pulp/Paper-making Properties in Natura1 Stands of Masson Pine
Zhou Zhichun, Qin Guofeng, Li Guangrong, Huang Guanglin, Chen Bingxing, Cheng Chuanyan
1995, 8(1): 1-6.
Abstract:
Through analysizing on the chemical components in wood and pulp/paper-making properties of l4 natural populations covering over the distribution range of massonpine,it was found that there exisit latitudinaI trends for pentosan and ash content in woodand tensile,burst and tear strength of paper which are less effected by the longitude.Comparing the natural stands from the north,the ones from the south possessed less pantosanand ash content,higher Kappa value of pulp under the same pulping conditions,lower tensile and burst index and higher tear index. No definite geographic patterns were exisited for-α-cellulose,lignin,alcohol-benzene extractives content in wood and pulp yield.The ash content and paper tear index was found to be also influenced by tree age. The age effects of theother traits were small.
1995, 8(1): 6-6.
Abstract:
Study on Species Relationship between Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis fissa Using 32P
Chen Hongyue, Xu Yingbao
1995, 8(1): 7-10.
Abstract:
32P was used to study the absorptivity of the roots from Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis fissa mixed forest and the pure forest of P. massoniana. It showed that the orderof the ability to absorb 32P was C.fissa mixed P. massoniana pure P. massoniana. The results of allelopathy between these two species showed:(1)seven kinds of secretions pro-duced by the root and other organs of C.fissa improved the 32P level of leaves from seedlingsof P. massoniana. Five kinds of secretions produced by the branch,root and other organs of P. massoniana improved the 32P level of leaves from seedlings of C.fissa;(2)the interact ofthe parts above ground of P. massoniana and C.fissa increased the absorbing ability of 32P for 41.1% and 55.8% respectively as compared to their controls.
Mycorrhizal Synthesis of Hebeloma westraliense on Eucalyptus urophlla
Gong Mingqin, Nicholas Malajczuk, Wang Fengzhen, Chen Yu
1995, 8(1): 11-13.
Abstract:
days after the inoculation with pure culture of Hebeloma westraliense,amycorrhizal fungus,to young seedlings of E. urophylla,some mycorrhizal root and alsosome fruit-bodies of the fungus were produced. Successful inoculation rate were 80%,and 60% of the inoculated seedlings produced fruit-bodies. The inoculated seedlings developedbetter root system,greener leaves and better growth than those of the non-inoculated seedlings. The height,ground diameter,above-ground and underground biomass of the 8-month-old inoculated seedlings were increased by 52.2%,29.4%,268.0% and 214.3% than those of the non-inoculated seedlings respectively.
Growth and Nutrition Developmemt of Seed and Cone of Masson Pine
Wang Peidi, Qin Guofeng
1995, 8(1): 14-19.
Abstract:
The growth and nutrition development of seed/cone of masson pine werestudied systematically during four years from l990 to l993.The results were as follows :(l)The cones of masson pine need two years to ripen.Formation period of young cone wasthat year after pollinating(in the first ten-day of April),rapid growth period was from June(before fertilizing)to the second ten-day of September in the second year,and riping periodwas from the last ten-day of September to October;2)In the growth period of 2-year-oldcone,dry substance weight increased and water content decreased gradually.Both arrived atbalance point at the end of October,i.e. before the end of October the water weight surpassed the dry substance and while after the end of October the dry substance surpassed thewater;(3)During the development of one-year-old cone,the change of N,K and P contentis similar to each other,and the N content of 2-year-old cone decreased gradually to be similar to the K content.N and K content of seed are matched in July. Since then N content decreased tiil riping period and was similar to P content in the second ten-day of October;(4)During the procedure of embryo development,the change of volume and nutrition content ofseed/cone were the greatest in the stage of proembryo and young embryo and then tended tolevel off gradually.
A Study on the Life History of Kerria chinensis and Its Encrustation Phenslogy
Yang Xingchi
1995, 8(1): 20-24.
Abstract:
Like other lac insects,Kerria chinensis Mahd.grows in its encrustation,therefore, it is difficult from its surface to observe its morphology characteristics of each in-star. In this paper relation between each instar and the related lac-excreting morphology andthe days which it needed in its winter and summer generation are depicted through schematicrepresentation. From the scheme,its life history, life cycle,changes and relation during itsgrowing period can be seen. At the same time characteristics of each stadium are indexedthrough index table,It is convenient to use this index table in scientific research and lac production.
A Review on Stand Density──about the 3/2 Power Law
Li Fengri
1995, 8(1): 25-32.
Abstract:
The results on the 3/2 power law of self-thinning in plant populations,whichhave been studied in past 30 years, are reviewed.Through re-evaluating the 3/2 power lawand it's application to upper boundary of stand self-thinning,it is concluded that the 3/2 power law is not suitable for describing size-density relationship,because there were changesof crown form and gap dynamic in course of stand development.It is suggested that the theory of stand density should be rebuilt by using dynamics of relations between tree size andnumber of trees within the stand.
Study on Early Performance of Two Endangered Tree Species of Magnoliaceae
Sun Bing, Su Juan
1995, 8(1): 33-38.
Abstract:
Base on 3-year observation on Magnolia glabrata and Michelia shiluensis in Guangzhou Preserve,this paper reports the early growing performance of the two endangeredtree species by application of Logistic formula Y=K/(1+ea-bt)(the correlation coefficient ismore than 0.90).The model of tree's growing rhythm for one year,between years and forthe fast growing period is established for demonstrating the correlation of the trees'earlygrowing performance with climatic factors and time series. The biological characteristics ofthe endangered tree species and its adaptability in Guangzhou Preserve are discussed in detail.
Effects ofFloor-covering Material on the Shoot Production in the Stands of Phylostachs praecox Chu et Chao
Cao Qungen, Feng Shixiang, He Yuexiang
1995, 8(1): 39-43.
Abstract:
Adopting the method of randomized blocks design,the effects of eight kindsof floor-covering materials were studied in the stands of Phyllostachys praecox. The resultsshowed that the stand floor-covering increased the stand's soil temperature,made the shootsemerge earlier and prolonged shooting period as well as raised shoot production and its value. After comprehensively evaluation,rice chaff was the best material.As compared with thecontrol,it could raise the soil temperature 3.83℃ higher,shift the shooting time 41 days earlier,prolong shooting period 40 days more and raise the shoot production value and stand'seconomic benefit 29.4%,270.3% and 310.2% respectively.
The Effects of Mycorrhizae on the Growth of Pinus massoniana and the Medium in Containers
Chen Lianqing, Pei Zhida
1995, 8(1): 44-47.
Abstract:
It was very significant for the effects of culturing seedlings of Pinus massoniana Lamb associated with mycorrhizae in containers.The growth of the seedlings was greatly increased.The height,diameter and dry weight of the seedlings with mycorrhizae raised by 109.7%,66.4% and 411.2% respectively as compared with those without mycorrhizae. Thephysical and chemical character is tics ot the medium in containers were improved,in whichthe medium became loosened, kept much water,contained more nutrients such as organicmatters、N、P、and K. and increased the total quantity of microorganisms and the proportionof fungi to Actinomyces,and lowered the ratio of R/S.
1995, 8(1): 47-47.
Abstract:
Variationin Rooting Ability of Cuttings and Selective Effects among Ortets in A Japanese Larch Cutting Garden──A Case Study
Wang Xiaoshan, Zheng Xianwu, Wang Jianhua, Xu Chuansen, Wang Youcai, Yang Huanjun
1995, 8(1): 48-53.
Abstract:
Variation of rooting percentage,number of root per cutting,one side rootingpercentage and correlativities of phenotypes between different rooting characters of cuttingscollected from 3.5-year-old ortets were studied in a Japanese larch [Larix kaempferi(Lamb.)Carr. ]hedged cutting garden,which was established by planting seedings of half-sib families. Selection of ortets with superior rooting ability were also done based on thecombined value of rooting percentage and number of roots per cutting in average. The research showed that there was wide range of variation in different rooting parameters amongcuttings taken from the different families and ortets,but significant variations can only befound among cuttings taken from different ortets. The heritahility of ortets was more important than that of the family in rooting percentage,average number of roots per cutting andthe rate of One side rooting. The significances of correlativity of rooting parameters varied among different families. Significant negative correlativity was found hetween the rootingnumber per cutting and one-side rooting percentage. However,significance of correlativitybetween rooting percentage,number of root per cutting,and one-side rooting percentage varied among some families. According to the results of the combined selection,routing out 50% of ortets which showed lower rooting ability from the garden,or forming new secondcircle garden by using rooted cuttings of 50% selected ortets,rooting percentage and rootnumbers would increase 20% and 28.6% respectively without obviously reducing genetic diversity of the hedged garden.
Fibre Morphology and Main Physical and Chemical Properties of Some Bamboo Wood of Phyllostachys
Zhang Jingwen, Wang Huazhong, Ma Naixun, Zhang Wenyan
1995, 8(1): 54-61.
Abstract:
Fibre forms,tissue rough measurements,fibre contents and basic densities of thirty-four sorts of scattered bamboo wood of Phyllostachys were tested and analysed.Theresults showed that fibre lengths are from 1.545 to 2.119 mm,fibre widths from 12.20 to 17.64 μm,the ratios of which from 96.6 to 150.4,ratios of the walls and canvities from 2.46 to 5.62,fibre contens from 41.26% to 49.29%,tissue rough measurements from 29.47% to 56.55%,basic densities from 0.559 to 0.809 g/cm3.The results from statistics and analysis of fibre forms and main physical and chemical properties of the above-mentioned bamboowood show a remarkable distinction between different sorts of bamboo.
Researchon Birds of Altai Region, Northern Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region
Deng Jie, Zhang Fuyun, Yang Ruoli, Zheng Rongguang, Mark R. Fuller, Williams S. Clark
1995, 8(1): 62-66.
Abstract:
Xinjiang,whichlies inthenorthwest of Chinahas a widearea andrichre-sources, but its dry climate,complicated topography make it difficult to carry out investigation or exploitation. During June-July of 1991,surveys of birds of Altai Region,Northern Xinjiang were conducted.As a fruitful result,120 species(22 species of raptor)were recorded,among them 40 were new records of the region and,Eurasian Honey Buzzard(Pernis apivorus) and Black-winged Pratincole(Glareola nordmanni)were even new records of China. In addition,breeding biology and ecology of raptors of the region were investigated.Evidence of the habitat of systematically questioned species,Altai Falcon(Falco altaicus)werealso collected,and in the paper,the classification of Altai Falcon was discussed.
Mangrove Plants’Adaptive Ability to Habitat and Their Horizontal Distribution in Qinglan Harbour, Hainan Island
Zheng Dezhang, Liao Baowen, Zheng Songfa, Xu Dagui, Han Zhi
1995, 8(1): 67-72.
Abstract:
Mangrove plants'organic variations in morphology reflect their differentadaptive ability to intertidal zones. The resuit from grey clustering analysis shows that Sonneratia alba,S. caseolaris and Rhizophora apiculata belong to the species with strong adaptive ability,Bruguiera gymnorhiza and B. sexangula belong to the species with weak adaptive ability. The former ones form their communities in the low and lower-middle tideland;and the latter ones,on the contrary,in the high and higher-middle tideland.With the intertidal zone silting and upgrading,the species with strong adaptive ability unceasingly occupyoutward bare beach,those with weak adaptive ability at the same time constantly intrude intothe slash of the species with strong adaptive ability.
Preliminary Comparision of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus Utilizing Enzyme Electrophoresis
Hu Kaiji, Yang Baojun
1995, 8(1): 73-77.
Abstract:
The enzyme electrophoregrams of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus that were collected from China,Japan,Canada,France and Norway were analysed. The phenotypes of Malate dehydrogenase(MDH)and Cellulase vary among isolates. Super-oxide dismuatase(SOD)shows a similar pattern with just one main band which migratesslowly.Esterase(Est)is different between B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus but the pheno-type of an isolate from Pinus thunbergii in Nanjing,China shows great difference within theisolate after being cultured on Schizophyllum sp.,Pestalotis sp.,and Botrytis cineria,separately. Peroxidase and soluble proteins were also analysed but gave less clear results. Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(GOT)isozyme patterns,however,can be used for differenting between B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus. Both nematodes have only one band whichis identical introspecies and different interspecies on the basis of Rf.This result coincideswith that of Kiyohara and Bolla's(1990).
A Study on the Mechanism of Induced Poplar Resistance to Canker Disease
Du Jianling, Xiang Weihua, shen Ruixiang
1995, 8(1): 78-81.
Abstract:
The branches of Populus X xiaozhuanica cv. ‘popularis' are induced byrare-earth and Streptomyces jingyanesis 5406(three concentrations of 100,500 and 1000ppm in both inducers),then inoculated with Dothiorella gregaria. After challenged inoculation,the incidence of disease and disease index dropped with a reduction of 60%~70% and 29.1~73.9 for the formor and 63.3%~70% and 51,5%~65.2% for the latter respectively. The mechanism of resistance to canker disease is a series of physiological changes takingplace in the bark of branches after induction. The activity of superoxide reached the maximum after 72~96 hours and then dropped gradually and tended to be stable,the activity of SOD in the induced branches are higher than that in the control ones;the respiration came tothe maximum after 48 hours and got weak after 96 hours when disease is going on the totalprotein of induced branches increased by 2.7~5.4 times while that of the control only 1.9 times,The changes above are related to the concentration of inducers with the larger theconcertration the better the effect.
Effect of the Selection of Grown Structure and Growth Characteristics on the Improvement of Tree Trunk Form in Paulownia fortunei
Zhao Danning, Xiong Yaoguo, Song Lulu, Wang Hua, Zeng Xu, Xu Zuohua
1995, 8(1): 82-87.
Abstract:
To improve the tree trunk form of Paulownia fortunei,the genetic,pheno-type and environment correlation between tree crown,growth characteristics,stem form in P. fortunei were analyzed on the basis of quantitative genetics,their direct and indirect path-coefficients.The results show that the determination coefficient of the characteristics ofgrowth and tree crown to stem form in P.fortunei is higher in diameter,amount of thinbranches total length of branches, surface area of tree crown and tree height.he advantageof genetics and relative efficiency of selecting index of single character of stem form is smallerthan the that of directly selected.Selecting indexes of multishare characters is better thanthat of the single character. Genetic advantages and relative efficiency of selecting index thatwas made up of a number of thin branch,diameter, total length of branches,surface area oftree crown and tree height is best in the 61 selecting indexes. GS and RGS of comprehensiveselecting index of fullness and trunk form is 0.155,159.0157% and 0.174,128.3679% respectively.It is effective to use multishare comprehensive selecting index for tree valuationand selection the stem form improvement of Paulownia clones.
Increase of Biomass and Accumulation of Nutrient Elements in Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation
Liu Zaiqing, Chen Guohai, Meng Yongqing, Li Jianguo, Liu Mingrong
1995, 8(1): 88-93.
Abstract:
sample plots of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation were investigated in Wutaishan Mountain region. Biomass of organs and content of nutrient elements of averagetrees were measured in the sample plots. Regression models of tree biomass and DBH wereselected.Annual biomass increment response was simulated according to the logistics equation. The results were as follows. BiO mass of tree and annual forest increment response isshowed by a parabola,its peak is at the age of 24;the peak of the amount of net photosyn-thesis rate of needle(400g/m2)is at the age of 18.When this larch plantation is of 15-year-old,the order of accumulation of nutrient elements is as follows:the amount of the nutrientelement accumulated(including N、Ca、K、Mg、P) are 888.91 kg/hm2,among which N 406.86 ks/hm2(including 54.35 kg/hm2 in stems and 214.56 kg/hm2 in needles).Besides,thereare N 3.5 kg in 1 ton of dry matter and N 4.6 kg in 1 m3 of wood,but only 0.611 kg of N was in 1 m3stem(accounting for 13.36% of the total),the rest of the N was in the branches,leaves,barks and roots.
The Relationship between Different Amounts of Irrigation and Changes of Soil Water Content in Populus×xiaozhuanica cv.‘popularis’ Plantation in Arid Area in lnner Mongolia
Wang Baofang, Zhu Lingyi
1995, 8(1): 94-100.
Abstract:
The Research on the relationship between different amounts of irrigation andchanges of soil water content in Populus×xiaozhuanica cv. ‘popularis' was conducted inthe arid area,Inner Mongolia. The results showed that :(1)the best irrigation amount was 7500 m3/(hm2 ·a);(2)the effective absorbed moisture soil layer with an irrigation of 1 500m3/(hm2·a),was 20~25 cm deep,while those with irrigation of 4 500,7 500 and 22 500m3/(hm2·a),were 50~70 cm, 50~100 cm, and 0~70 cm deep respectively;(3)in the soillayer of the former(0~20 cm deep),the maximum capacity of absorbed moisture was raised by 2.25,0.44,and 0.67 m3 respectively as compared with those plots with irrigation amount of 1 500,4 500,and 22 500 m3/(hm2·a);while in the soil layer of 0~30 cm deep of the former that was raised by 3.71,1.12,and 1.63 m3 as compared with those plots mentionedabove. The percentage of soil water content in field moisture capacity of the former ones was raised by 26.9%~23.3%,5.7%~5.0%,and 16.2%~7.1% respectively;The total soil water storage capacity of the former was raised by 310.4,456.6,and 1190.02 m3 respectively,The water shortage value(K) in the soil layer from 0~100 cm of the former was decreased by 23.3%~26.8%,5.1%~5.8%,and 7.2%~16.3% respectively;(4)finally themore the irrigation,the bigger the salt content.
Study on Populational Variation Tendency and Genetic Variation of Wood Quality of lnter-tree of Populus davidiana
Gu Wanchun, Li Bin, Guo Wenying
1995, 8(1): 101-106.
Abstract:
natural populations were selected in the main distribution regions of Populus davidiana and 15 trees were sampled randomly from each population. One increment corewas removed from each sampled tree at breast height for testing wood quality characteristics. The result shows that variations of wood specific gravity and fiber length of inter-tree amongpopulations are both significant at 0.01 level.Mean and extreme deviation of wood specificgravity and fiber length are 0.4321g/cm3,0.0662g/cm3,1.0775 mm,0.2651 mm respectively.A gradient variation pattern of wood density has been found among the populations,but that of fiber length not.Repeatability rate of wood density and fiber length of thepopuiation and individual tree are,and of inter-population among annual ring group are differentslightly.Genetic correlation of wood×growth is lower, which interprets that genetic improvement of both wood and growth can be carried out synchronizedly.
Studyon Correlate Selection from Plus Clones of Populus tomentosa
Wang Qi, Zhu Zhiti
1995, 8(1): 107-111.
Abstract:
plus clones,whichwere reselected from the plus trees in the light of morethan 50-year-old ortets and propagated by root sucker for 3-year-old rejuvenative clones,were used in this study: which mainly deals with the base genetic parameters and path analysis of the correlated heritability among 16 traits. The results show that the phenotype of superior genotype of Populus tomentosa are formed by big leaf-dry-weight,narrow and long leafform,large and sparse leaf serrate,long petiole and many branches. Some signs of longwood fibre length of P. tomentosa are big branch angle and leaf base angle.
The Effect of Applying Phosphate in the Young Alnus cremastogyne Plantation
Yang Zhicheng, Ye Changqing, Feng Jianwen, Cai Renhe
1995, 8(1): 112-114.
Abstract:
Satisfactory effect was achieved by applying calcium magnesium phosphate(200g/hole) before planting the seedling of Alnus cremastogyne. When 2-year-old, Alnus plantation's mean height,mean diameter at foot,mean stand volume and mean biomass are 13%~65%,7.6%~37.5%,63%~281%,61%~260% higher than those of the control respectively. The mean biomass of above-ground is 61%~260% more,but the biomass of the underground part is only raised a little bit.So applying phosphate for plantling A.cremastogyne is an effective methods to improve its growth and productivity.
1995, 8(1): 114-114.
Abstract:
Studies on the Growth Response of Young Paulownia Plantationto Different Soil Texture
Zhang Chunwei, Yao yuanqiang, Liu Tongbin
1995, 8(1): 115-118.
Abstract:
3 years survey and analyse,the growth response of young Paulownia plantation to 4 different soiI textures is as follows:(1)the order of soil texture in which Paulownia grows from best to worst is:sandy loam(0~100 cm),loam((0~100 cm),upper clay withlower sandy loam(0~60 cm clay loam,60~100 cm sandy loam),upper sandy with lowerclay loam(0~60 cm sandy loam,60~100 cm clay loam);(2)the growing process of young Paulownia in the same soiI texture is uncertain,compreherisive action of enviromental factors during different growing season can change Paulownia growing process within the sameperiod;(3)it will be beneficial to Paulownia growth to dig and plant through the clay layer-within the soil along the Huang River reaches.