• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

1998 Vol. 11, No. 6

Display Method:
Research on the Variation of Populus deltoides×P. cathayana F2 Generation against Alternaria alternata
Su Xiaohua, Zhang Qiweng, Shen Ruixiang, Yang Wang, Gui Fu, Wang Yanmin
1998, 11(6): 565-568.
Abstract:
The study was carried out using three generations,with the F1 produced by interspecific hybridiations between a resistant Populus deltoides female and a susceptible P. cathayana male. F1 inbreeding made the F2 generation. The susceptibility of parents, F1 and F2 to Alternaria alternata was tested both in the nursery and laboratory. The results show that the clones that were scored as being Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ in the nursery were also scored as Ⅰ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ(Ⅰ: 0,Ⅱ: ≤15%,Ⅲ: 15%) in the laboratory. F2 segregated in a 1:2:1 ratio for the resistance to A. alternata (Fr.) Keissler. The data suggest that the resistance be detemined by a single recessive gene for P. deltoides. The study is the basis for future identifying molecular markers linking to the locus against A. alternata by Bulked Sergeant Analysis (BSA) and molecular markers.
Seedling Resistance of Interspecific Crosses from Female Eucalyptus urophylla to Bacterial Wilt
Gan Siming, Bai Jiayu, Wu Kunming, Wu Juying, Xu Jianmin
1998, 11(6): 569-573.
Abstract:
In this paper 81 interspecific controlled-pollinated families and 3 open-pollinated families from female Eucalyptus urophylla were inoculated with Pseudomonas solanacearum at seedling stage. Results show that the families differ in disease index and mortality, and the three open pollinated families perform all poor in resistance. Some interspecific resistant families were selected out. In terms of the resistance of interspecific combination, E. tereticornis,E. camaldulensis, E. exserta,E. Leizhou No. 1 and E. pellita are potentially good fathers, but E. grandis, E. grandis urophylla and E. saligna are poor. Catalase activity before and after inoculation was determined which indicated that the increase of catalase activity was of strongly positive relation with the resistance of the families. Increase of catalase activity after inoculation could be an useful assistant index for early selection of eucalypt materials resistant to Pseudomonas solanacearum.
Study on the Methods of Artificial Inoculation of Anoplophora glabripennis on Poplar
Hu Jianjun, Zhao Zicheng, Miao Shilong, Gao Ruitong, Fujmoto, Yoshiyuki
1998, 11(6): 574-580.
Abstract:
The different methods of artificial inoculation of borers are adopted to test the poplar’s (Populus deltoides × clone) resistance to borers from 1995 to 1996. Three methods of artificial inoculation have been studied and evaluated,which are inoculation of trunk caged,inoculation on the tree planted in a net room and inoculation on the tree in vitro,respectively. The oviposition density of Anoplophora glabripennis is used to evaluate the inoculating ways. From the results,there is no correlation between the oviposition density and borer-resistance of the poplar. The number of the hatched larvae and the surviving overwintered ones are the evaluating indexes of the poplar’s resistance to the bores,which can be used to indicate the ability of the borer resistance of the poplar. The method of inoculation of trunk caged is the best one for early evaluation of the poplar’s borer-resistance.
A Study on Acid tolerance of Acacia Rhizobia
Kang Lihua, Li Sucui
1998, 11(6): 581-585.
Abstract:
The 22 isolates obtained from Acacia nodules were compared for their acid tolerance in this study. The results indicate that most of them could not grow at pH 5.0,but isolates IS002,IS004,CR002 and LR007 could grow at pH 5.0,IS002 and IS004 not only could grow at pH 3.86 but also in acid soil suspension (pH 4.9),which had high survival rate than the other strains. IS002 was selected in this study as acid-resistant strain.
Nutrient Status of Soils under Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis eyrei Stands
Chen Jinlin, Yu Yuanchun, Luo Ruying, Zhang Chunqing, Hu Yongqing, You Weigui
1998, 11(6): 586-591.
Abstract:
The status of soil nutrient in the southern forest ecosystem of China was synthetically studied. The main results showed that different forests had different effects on the status of soil organic matter and nutrient. Broad-leaved forest could accumulate organic matter and improve the nutrient status of soil. The forest of Pinus massoniana had active effects on available nutrient (nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium) of the soil,especially on available phosphorus. Cunninghamia lanceolata could not help improve the nutrient status,chemical and physical properties of the soil,while the forest mixed with conifer and broadleaf tree could improve the status of soil nutrient,especially for available micronutrient of soil,so the properly mixed forest was advantageous to the continued development of forestry. In addition it was found that the content of available micronutrient in the rhizosphere was higher in the early spring than that at other time,which could supply a need for the trees in growing season. So the supply of soil micronutrient in forest was scarcely insufficient.
Above Ground Biomass Production and Nutrient Cycling of Middle age Plantation of Acacia mangium
Xu Daping, Yang Zengjiang, He Qixuan
1998, 11(6): 592-598.
Abstract:
Above-ground biomass production,net primary productivity,nutrient accumulation and distribution in different tree components,litterfall amount and it’s decomposition and nutrient biological cycling of 5 to 6 years old plantation of Acacia mangium are presented in this paper. Biomass of 5 and 6 years old plantations were 65.0 and 77.3 t/hm2. Net primary productivity of the plantation from 5 to 6 years old was 19.9 t/hm2. N accumulation by tree component,understorey and litter on forest floor was 525.45 kg/hm2 at the age of 5 years and 590.24 kg/hm2 at the age of 6 years. P and K accumulations were 24.50 and 263.10 kg/hm2 at the age of 5 years,and 23.87 and 309.66 at the age of 6 years. Average litterfall of the plantation in 2 years and 3 months was 4.87 t/hm2. From 5 to 6 years old,cycling rate of N,P,K,Ca and Mg were 60.5%,233.0%,44.6%,60.7% and 47.5% respectively in the plantation. Results indicate that P deficiency was a main limit for the plantation productivity.
Potential of TM Imagery for Monitoring and Assessment of Desertified Land
Zhang Yugui, F. R. Beernaert, Liu Hua
1998, 11(6): 599-606.
Abstract:
A technical methodology of computer screen interpretation is introduced to produce satellite imagery classification map on an area of about 100 000 km2 of Kerqin Desert in eastern part of Inner Mongol with a mosaic of 6 TM scenes. The potential of remote sensing technique is assessed for change monitoring of desertified land and for environment development tendency estimation. The two problems of salinization and desertification should be treated in different order according to regional situation. The FAO classification and notation principle by land unit,land use and added characters was used in the procedure.
Study on the Aerial Equipment of Spraying Pesticide and the Techniques of Monitoring Ⅰ.Property Test of the Aerial Equipement of Spraying Pesticide
Liang Chengjie, Zhao Ling, Huang Jinyi, Meng Meiqiong, Luo Jitong, Li Jijun
1998, 11(6): 607-611.
Abstract:
This paper reported the test methods and results of the technical properties of the HU2-HW1 spraying equipment of ultra low volume when being equipped with the petrel 650B motor glider. No.1 and No.2 rotary atomizer were tested in the laboratory wind cave of supersonic speed of 27 and 33 m/s. The rotational speed of No.1 rotary atomizer was at 7 460 and 9 350 rpm respectively,and that of the No.2 was at 8 420 and 11 800 r/min respectively. The pump pressure was between 3.5 and 5.0 kg/cm2,and the flow rate was 15.0~21.0 L/min. The swath width was 40 m. The droplets size was 150~170 μm (volume median diameter),and the number of droplets per cm2 was 9~16. The droplets ratio of diffusion was 0.77.All the results showed the properties of the HU2-HW1(ULV) when being equipped with the petrel 650B motor-glider were excellent.
Study on Establishment Technology and Seed Setting Habit of Pinus massoniana Seed Stand
Chen Honghui, Wen Henghui
1998, 11(6): 612-617.
Abstract:
The successive 7-year observation on seed setting habit for Pinus massoniana seed stand was carried out,results show: (1)Flowering period ranged from 10 to 15 days,but the flowering period of male and female strobilus are overlapped; (2)There is a positive relationship between cone and seed production and female strobilus production, but no obvious relationship between the seed production and the amount of male strobilus production; (3)Seed stand at the beginning of establishment can be thinned,it is optimal that stand density at the age of 7 years old is 330 trees per hm2; (4)More than 80% of the trees in the seed stand bear female and male strobili at the age of 7 years old,80% of the male and female strobili are mainly borne facing the southeast in the middle and lower part of crown,8.7 kg seeds can be produced per hm2 at the age of 10 years old.
Studies on the Productivity of the Secondary Castanopsis fargesii and Schima superba Stands in Jiangxi Province
Zhan Yousheng, Ao Xiangyang, Lin Fei, Shao Jinfeng, Huang Xiaofeng
1998, 11(6): 618-622.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the growth characteristics and productivity of the secondary Castanopsis fargesii and Schima superba stands in Jiangxi Province in 1987~1995. The results showed that,in the 37-year-old stands,the average stand volume at high quality site was 300.0,284.2 m3/hm2 at middle quality site,and 242.7 m3/hm2 at lower quality site,the growth of DBH decreased as the density of stands increased;the growth of diameter increased as the stand grade went up. Therefore,the cultivation of big diameter grade timber stands is necessary,intermediat cutting interval is 8 years,and light thinning is appropriate.
Influence of Biochemical humic Acid on the Physiological and Biochemical Index of Apple Tree Infected with Physalospora piricola
Yu Jianguo, Ye Shuiying, Zhao Yujuan, Sun Yingchang, Wang Tiezhang
1998, 11(6): 623-628.
Abstract:
Biochmicah humic acid (BHA) was applied to prevent and control apple tree disease caused by Physalospora piricola in 1996. The results proved that the active substances in BHA provoked apple trees and improved their nutrition regulation and adaptability to environment along with the change of physiological and biochemical index. Activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and the process of metabolism in apple trees were strengthened.Thus the content of phenolic acids,a kind of inherent anti biotic substances in apple trees were significantly increased,and P.piricola disease rate was reduced,photosynthesis was enhanced, synthesis was promoted. And nutrition in apple trees was accumulated. The opening degree of stomata was changed also. It′s concluded that weak apple trees were rejuvenated and the pesticide′s effect could be brought into full play. The rate of the disease could be reduced to less than 40%.
The Impacts of New Cultivation Patterns of Incorporating Poplar with Wheat on Wheat Yield and Quality
Li Zhengcai
1998, 11(6): 629-634.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the impacts of new cultivation patterns of incorporating poplar with wheat on its yield and quality. The result shows that the yield of wheat in the new cultivation patterns is reduced by 10%~15% than that in the mono crop field at the 5th year since poplar trees were incorporated [the cultivation model are (3×3) m×20 m,(3×3) m×30 m,(3×3) m×40 m]; the content of starch and protein in the wheat′s seed is increased by an average of 12% and 22.1% respectively,compared with the mono crop field,the range of the increasing protein content is greater than that of the increasing starch content; the major factors affecting the yield of wheat and thousand grain weight are illuminance,air temperature,air moisture and soil water content; the major factor of increasing wheat seed quality is air temperature.
Research on Tissue Culture and Reproductive Capacity of Actinidia chinensis
Wang Janya, Kounou Kouzou
1998, 11(6): 635-639.
Abstract:
On the test of tissue culture,using shoot tips of Actinidia chinensis as explant,the highest rate of shoot differentiation is 79.1%,and the shoot differentiation rate of lateral shoot and stem are respectively 45.8% and 24.4%,and the shoot differentiation rate of blade is 0%. On the test of shoot differentiation and subculture,using shoot tips as explant,and the improved MS culture medium by increasing 1.5 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L NAA,and half decreasing N element,the rate of shoot differentiation can reach 97.7%. It can obviously improve the coefficient β1 of subculture to add 10 mg/L glutamine on the test of subculture,when it comes to the third time of subculture, β1 can get to 127.5,however the check β1 is only 12.7. Taking MS culture medium on half decreasing N element or N element and Fe salt as taking root culture medium,the rooting rate can get to 100%,which increases 30% more than the comparison. The average root length are respectively 4.2 cm and 7.1 cm longer and the rooting time are respectively 3 days and 6 days earlier than those of the comparison. Adding 3% active carbon to rooting culture medium can further increase the root length and shorten the rooting time. The research holds that reproductive coefficient ε is the main index to measure how many planting stock one explant can reproduce. It is ε =101 on this test,which means that one explant can reproduce 101 planting stock.
Study on Culture in vitro of Bamboo
Wang Jingwen, Jiang Jing
1998, 11(6): 640-646.
Abstract:
species of bamboo in 20 genera were cultured in vitro in recent 20 years.Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis and adventitious shoot was achieved in callus cultures derived from explants excised axially buds,shoot apices or mature zygotic embryos.Liquid suspension-culture cells of bamboo served as protoplasts donors,and high yields of viable protoplasts were obtained,and callus from protoplasts of suspension cultured bamboo cells were recovered. About 70 species of bamboo tested were successfully propagated in vitro . For nearly each species,multiple shoots were produced from axially buds on stem node segments cultured on MS medium containing BA. A few callus plant could be regenerated adventitiously from callus. In vitro flowering was induced on shoot developed from nodal explant taken from regenerated plants. The flowering of bamboo shoots of some species occurred in unison,but not that of other species.
A Study on the Adaptability Response between the Lac lnsect and lts Host Tree
Yang Chengyuan, Zhang Jiayan, Cai Jing, Lu Weihua, Deng Jiang, Chen Yuhui
1998, 11(6): 647-651.
Abstract:
Root secretion of the host tree and the quality of the lac produced are used as indexes based on which a study on the inter adaptability between the lac insect and its host tree is further conducted. According to the result,a decrease in the amount but an increase in the variety of amino acid in the secretion is observed in the host tree. Meanwhile,a significant difference in the composition of the lac is also observed on the lac insects of different host trees. The fact that lac is the secretion of lac insect shows that insects of the same species tend to develop different physiological bents.
Preliminary Report on Introduction of Several Superior Mangroves
Li Yun, Zheng Dezhang, Liao Baowen, Zheng Songfa, Wang Yongjun, Chen Zhengtao
1998, 11(6): 652-655.
Abstract:
Superior and fast growing mangrove species Bruguiera sexangula, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora apiculata, etc.were introduced to Shenzhen Bay and North Bay mangrove zones (21°30′~22°32′ N,109° 41′~114°03′ E) in Guangdong Province of China from Dongzhai Harbor of Hainan Island (19°56′ N,110°34′ E) since 1993 and the results showed:mangrove B.sexangula grows and develops well in these mangrove zones with medium to increasingly strong cold resistant ability from seedling period to young trees of 3-year-old. The mean height of 1-year-old seedlings is 0.5 m,3 year old ones 0.71 m and the height of the superior individual is up to 1.5 m. Its propagules can exist about 3~6 days under 5 ℃ condition,otherwise too long in time and too low in temperature is not suitable to them. The cold resistance of mangrove S.caseolaris is slightly weak but in specific warm habitat it can also pass the cold winter smoothly without any cold harm and grows well. The mean height of 2 year old young trees is 2.30 m,the mean diameter at ground 4.8 cm and the height of the superior individual up to 3.00 m,the diameter at ground 7.7 cm. Of which six individuals are in blossom at Shenzhen Bay mangrove zone. R.apiculata does not adapt to above mentioned introducing zones with high latitude and low temperature.
The Influence of Lead Zinc Ore Powder on the Growth of Chinese Fir in Linxiang County,Hunan Province
Wang Zhengke, Guo Jurong, Zhu Zhongbao
1998, 11(6): 656-659.
Abstract:
By studying the elements content of the soil and Chinese fir in the surrounding area of lead and zinc ore powder dam in Taolin lead ore Linxiang County,Hunan Province,it showed that lead and zinc accumulated in the soil surface(0~10 cm),and had higher concentration in polluted area. In contrast with the normal area,lead and zinc concentration in soil and plant increased and Mg concentration decreased. With the increase of distance to the dam,Pb,Zn concentration in Chinese fir leaves and the weight of 100 leaves decreased,while the one year branch growth increased. The hight growth,the diameter growth and the volume of the Chinese fir in polluted area is lower than those of the Chinese fir in normal area.
Study on Apriona germari Damaging the Clones of Sect.Leuce
Wang Xinan, Li Xianchen, Fan Di, Xie Hefeng, Pan Lijing, Zhao Xizhen
1998, 11(6): 660-663.
Abstract:
The paper discusses an investigation on damage degree of 34 clones of sect. leuce of five-year plantation caused by Apriona germari . Four statistical variables were selected,i.e.insect density (head/tree),insect tree percentage (%),infection index and borer damage duration (year). Use the method of vague cluster analysis——making analysis by taking Euclidean Distance as Group Average Method of cluster statistical variable. The conclusion shows that the damage degree of 34 clones by A.germari has remarkable difference,or different clone has showen obvious different resistance to A.germari. According to Cluster Redigree Figure,the 34 clones can be divided into four typers. T23,T12,T32 and other nine clones as fourth type,insect tree percentage 7%~25%,infection index 11.1~29.5,insect density1.0 head/tree which called resistance clones to infectation.
Superior Provenance Selection of Loblolly Pine Plantation in Central Anhui Area
Yu Muokui, Xu Liuyi, Luo Xunzhi
1998, 11(6): 664-668.
Abstract:
The study results on the 15 a old provenance test of loblolly pine at Jingxian County of Anhui show that,there exist significant differences for the traits of tree height,stem straightness and wood density which have middle broad-sense heritability,but the difference is insignificant for stem diameter,volume and stem biomass. There are close phenotypic correlations between the traits except wood density that is more independent. Provenance L8 and L25 are comprehensively selected as superior ones for pulpwood that the average phenotypic and genetic gains are 4.91% and 10.84%,3.19% and 4.01% for wood density and stem biomass respectively;L25,L6,L3 and L30 are selected for building timber,of which the phenotypic gains are 3.98%,11.19%,3.60%,6.91% and the genetic gains are 1.99 %, 7.16 %, 2.34 %,2.42% for tree height,stem straightness,wood density and stem volume respectively.
Study on the Shoot Cutting of Castanea mollissima
Zhu Zhixiang, Zhang Shuyuan, Tu Junlin
1998, 11(6): 669-674.
Abstract:
The rate of rooting of cutting of Chinese chestnut twigs has been raised stably by treatment with rooting dust of IPGC made in our own forestry farm and intermittent spraying under all light shining. The rooting rate of cuttings from 1-year-old seedling was more than 98%;when the cuttings were from 3-year-old and 6-year-old mother tree,the rooting rate was 76% and 51% correspondingly. The last ten-day period of June is the best time for setting cuttings. When the cutting bed was mixture of pearlite and quartz sand (volume of 1:1),the rooting rate was 93%; when the relative humidity 95%~100%, the rooting rate was 96.5%. The rooting rate of cutting from middle shoot was 96.6%,which was higher than that from the head shoot and binal branch.