2000 Vol. 13, No. 4
Display Method:
2000, 13(4): 343-348.
[Abstract]
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Abstract:
According to the survey data of 290 valuation areas,the authors quantitatively analyzed the relationship between the crown characteristic and growth with canonical correlation analysis method;fitted Richards growth model of diameter at breast height,height of tree and volume in different planting density and different site index;distingusished growth phase with ordinal sample cluster method by variable annual growth increment of diameter at breast height and height of tree; analyzed characteristic of each growth phase in different planting density and site index.The results showed that poplar clone I-69 is with characteristic of very distinct fast growth.In the condition of high planting density,the effects of site upon growth and yield are been weaken.For the sake of cultivating plantation for the plywood,the site with SI 20 m or 22 m and planting density 156 or 204 trees·hm-2 should be adopted.
According to the survey data of 290 valuation areas,the authors quantitatively analyzed the relationship between the crown characteristic and growth with canonical correlation analysis method;fitted Richards growth model of diameter at breast height,height of tree and volume in different planting density and different site index;distingusished growth phase with ordinal sample cluster method by variable annual growth increment of diameter at breast height and height of tree; analyzed characteristic of each growth phase in different planting density and site index.The results showed that poplar clone I-69 is with characteristic of very distinct fast growth.In the condition of high planting density,the effects of site upon growth and yield are been weaken.For the sake of cultivating plantation for the plywood,the site with SI 20 m or 22 m and planting density 156 or 204 trees·hm-2 should be adopted.
2000, 13(4): 349-354.
Abstract:
Five DNA fragments located in chloroplast and nuclear genome were amplified from DNA extracted from haploid endosperm and diploid needle of Pinus,and were further used in the characterization of the PCR SSCP technique.The results show that the technique has solid molecular basis,high reproducibility and sensitivity.The analysis of the SSCP bands using controlled cross and haploid endosperm has confirmed their Mendelian inheritance.Therefore PCR SSCP could find many uses in phylogenetic and population genetic analysis in conifers.
Five DNA fragments located in chloroplast and nuclear genome were amplified from DNA extracted from haploid endosperm and diploid needle of Pinus,and were further used in the characterization of the PCR SSCP technique.The results show that the technique has solid molecular basis,high reproducibility and sensitivity.The analysis of the SSCP bands using controlled cross and haploid endosperm has confirmed their Mendelian inheritance.Therefore PCR SSCP could find many uses in phylogenetic and population genetic analysis in conifers.
2000, 13(4): 355-359.
Abstract:
A experiment was conducted on pruning intensity of 60 year old jinsi jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) from 1996 to 1999 in the jujube crop interplanted area of Leling County of Shandong Province.The results of the experiment showed that pruning is a most important measure which can revive the old jujube and raise the yield.And the pruning intensity should not be heavy.Taking the fruit branches as example,the branches with 4 buds had the highest fruit yield compared with the branches with two buds,eight buds and no pruning.The suitable pruning intensity can increase the leaf area and content of chlorophyll by 20% and 13.36% respectively,and decrease the number of branch cannot bear fruit by 34%.
A experiment was conducted on pruning intensity of 60 year old jinsi jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) from 1996 to 1999 in the jujube crop interplanted area of Leling County of Shandong Province.The results of the experiment showed that pruning is a most important measure which can revive the old jujube and raise the yield.And the pruning intensity should not be heavy.Taking the fruit branches as example,the branches with 4 buds had the highest fruit yield compared with the branches with two buds,eight buds and no pruning.The suitable pruning intensity can increase the leaf area and content of chlorophyll by 20% and 13.36% respectively,and decrease the number of branch cannot bear fruit by 34%.
2000, 13(4): 360-365.
Abstract:
From 1989 to 1992,quick weighing method,heat pulse technique,whole tree potometer were applied for many times together with steady state porometer to measure the transpiration of the poplar forests in Ningxia (Populus × xiaozhuanica cv. ‘Opera’) and in Shangdong (Populus deltoides cv.‘Lux’).The results showed that the values measured with steady state porometer were always higher than the actual values of transpiration while the values measured with the other three methods were believed to be close to the latter.The former were 1.3～3.2 (2.649 on average) times as high as the latter,varing with weather and plant conditions.So,the former values need to be adjusted with a coefficient.The correction coefficient would approximately be 0.3775 on an average,with 0.645 2 in arid area and 0.340 7 in more humid area.
From 1989 to 1992,quick weighing method,heat pulse technique,whole tree potometer were applied for many times together with steady state porometer to measure the transpiration of the poplar forests in Ningxia (Populus × xiaozhuanica cv. ‘Opera’) and in Shangdong (Populus deltoides cv.‘Lux’).The results showed that the values measured with steady state porometer were always higher than the actual values of transpiration while the values measured with the other three methods were believed to be close to the latter.The former were 1.3～3.2 (2.649 on average) times as high as the latter,varing with weather and plant conditions.So,the former values need to be adjusted with a coefficient.The correction coefficient would approximately be 0.3775 on an average,with 0.645 2 in arid area and 0.340 7 in more humid area.
2000, 13(4): 366-369.
Abstract:
Three attracting techniques were tested for luring Monochamus alternatus (JPS)adult,a vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (PWN)in Zhejiang Province.Pine log bait attracted maturation feeding and laying eggs.Chemical bait attractant lured adults containing eggs.Both attactants can be used conveniently and cost low.If applied in large area,the population density of JPS could be decreased,and the transmission rate of PWN could be reduced.However,the occurrence of pine wood disease can not be suppressed by the attracting methods only.The effect of light trapping on JPS was poor.Light trapping is not recommended.
Three attracting techniques were tested for luring Monochamus alternatus (JPS)adult,a vector of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (PWN)in Zhejiang Province.Pine log bait attracted maturation feeding and laying eggs.Chemical bait attractant lured adults containing eggs.Both attactants can be used conveniently and cost low.If applied in large area,the population density of JPS could be decreased,and the transmission rate of PWN could be reduced.However,the occurrence of pine wood disease can not be suppressed by the attracting methods only.The effect of light trapping on JPS was poor.Light trapping is not recommended.
2000, 13(4): 370-376.
Abstract:
Fifteen provenances of 8 year old Eucalyptuss tereticornis and E.camalduensis were collected from Ledong County and Qionghai City in Hainan Island.The fiber length,fiber width and basic density were measured and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences on fiber length and basic density between the two species.The variation range was in the following order:fiber lengthbasic densityfiber width.The environment factors had more influence on the basic density and fiber length of E.camalduensis compared with E.tereticornis. There existed significant differences in bark thickness among different provenances.The bark thickness varied with the directions.The bark thickness was the thickest in the direction toward the north.The fiber length would increase obviously from the pith to outside.By comprehensive comparison, E.tereticornis 13544,14424 and E.camalduensis 12187,14917 and 14918 were proved to be the provenances fine both in growth characters and wood properties.
Fifteen provenances of 8 year old Eucalyptuss tereticornis and E.camalduensis were collected from Ledong County and Qionghai City in Hainan Island.The fiber length,fiber width and basic density were measured and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences on fiber length and basic density between the two species.The variation range was in the following order:fiber lengthbasic densityfiber width.The environment factors had more influence on the basic density and fiber length of E.camalduensis compared with E.tereticornis. There existed significant differences in bark thickness among different provenances.The bark thickness varied with the directions.The bark thickness was the thickest in the direction toward the north.The fiber length would increase obviously from the pith to outside.By comprehensive comparison, E.tereticornis 13544,14424 and E.camalduensis 12187,14917 and 14918 were proved to be the provenances fine both in growth characters and wood properties.
2000, 13(4): 377-384.
Abstract:
A fertilizing experiment was established in March 1989,at Yangxi,Guangdong,China. A randomised block split plot design was employed in which 10 phosphorus rates (0,5,10,15,25,35,50,100,150,200 kg(P)·hm-2 as superphosphate in sub plots randomised within main plots which represented 3 Eucalyptuss species, Eucalyptuss camaldulensis,E. grandis and E. tereticornis . The tree heights were measured at 1,3,6,9,12,21,24,64 months after planting,and DBH at 9,12,21,24,40 and 64 months. The results showed that the tree heights from 1 to 64 months and DBH from 9 to 64 months were significant differences (P 0.01 or P 0.05) between unfertilizing and 9 P treatments,and between 3 Eucalyptuss species. Phosphorus fertilizer can clearly improve the growth of tree heights and DBH,but the improvement was different in phosphorus needs among the 3 tree species,that is,tree heights and DBH measured from 6 to 64 months were significant interaction effect between tree species and phosphorus treatment,and the starting and end of the high effectiveness periods were differences between 3 species. It was suggested that potential lower quantity of phosphorus fertilizer when planting in field,respectively 50～100 kg(P)·hm-2 for E. camaldulensis and E. grandis,and 25～100 kg(P)·hm-2 for E. tereticornis.
A fertilizing experiment was established in March 1989,at Yangxi,Guangdong,China. A randomised block split plot design was employed in which 10 phosphorus rates (0,5,10,15,25,35,50,100,150,200 kg(P)·hm-2 as superphosphate in sub plots randomised within main plots which represented 3 Eucalyptuss species, Eucalyptuss camaldulensis,E. grandis and E. tereticornis . The tree heights were measured at 1,3,6,9,12,21,24,64 months after planting,and DBH at 9,12,21,24,40 and 64 months. The results showed that the tree heights from 1 to 64 months and DBH from 9 to 64 months were significant differences (P 0.01 or P 0.05) between unfertilizing and 9 P treatments,and between 3 Eucalyptuss species. Phosphorus fertilizer can clearly improve the growth of tree heights and DBH,but the improvement was different in phosphorus needs among the 3 tree species,that is,tree heights and DBH measured from 6 to 64 months were significant interaction effect between tree species and phosphorus treatment,and the starting and end of the high effectiveness periods were differences between 3 species. It was suggested that potential lower quantity of phosphorus fertilizer when planting in field,respectively 50～100 kg(P)·hm-2 for E. camaldulensis and E. grandis,and 25～100 kg(P)·hm-2 for E. tereticornis.
2000, 13(4): 385-390.
Abstract:
The grasshoppers of Ceracris Walker have been recognized as Oriental faunistic component. Seven species including three polytypic species of the genus were compared and analyzed based on the geographic distribution,morphometric characters and chromosomes of bamboo grasshoppers in detail. It was showed that the number of Ceracris species was reduced gradually from southern to northern China,and those species with long tegmina was replaced by the short one in the genus from southeast to northwest in China. Seven species (subspecies) of Ceracris distributed in Yunnan Province,where can be considered as the distribution center of bamboo grasshoppers. The genus Ceracris displayed the chromosome number 2n ♀=24 (2n ♀=23),that was the same with alive original bamboo plants existed the lowest ploidy. The interspecies difference in location of X chromosome of these grasshoppers was very distinct. Otherwise,the standards have been indicated at first to mark types of bamboo grasshoppers based on morphometric characters.
The grasshoppers of Ceracris Walker have been recognized as Oriental faunistic component. Seven species including three polytypic species of the genus were compared and analyzed based on the geographic distribution,morphometric characters and chromosomes of bamboo grasshoppers in detail. It was showed that the number of Ceracris species was reduced gradually from southern to northern China,and those species with long tegmina was replaced by the short one in the genus from southeast to northwest in China. Seven species (subspecies) of Ceracris distributed in Yunnan Province,where can be considered as the distribution center of bamboo grasshoppers. The genus Ceracris displayed the chromosome number 2n ♀=24 (2n ♀=23),that was the same with alive original bamboo plants existed the lowest ploidy. The interspecies difference in location of X chromosome of these grasshoppers was very distinct. Otherwise,the standards have been indicated at first to mark types of bamboo grasshoppers based on morphometric characters.
2000, 13(4): 391-396.
Abstract:
The effects of osmotic stress induced by PEG (1.5 MPa,-2.5 MPa) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content,membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in levies of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) were studied. The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased and activities of SOD and POD decreased with osmotic stress time (24,48,72 h) and osmotic stress strength (-1.5 MPa,-2.5 MPa),but H2O2 content increased for 48 h then fell and CAT activity decreased for 24 h then raised under osmotic stress (-2.5 MPa). When seedlings were sprayed with CaCl2 (7 mmol·L-1) solution,raising rates of contents of H2O2 and MDA,and decreasing rates of activities of SOD and POD obviously slowed down,respectively. CAT activity quickly raised after it decreasing under osmotic stress,when seedlings were sprayed with CaCl2 solution.
The effects of osmotic stress induced by PEG (1.5 MPa,-2.5 MPa) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content,membrane lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) in levies of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) were studied. The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased and activities of SOD and POD decreased with osmotic stress time (24,48,72 h) and osmotic stress strength (-1.5 MPa,-2.5 MPa),but H2O2 content increased for 48 h then fell and CAT activity decreased for 24 h then raised under osmotic stress (-2.5 MPa). When seedlings were sprayed with CaCl2 (7 mmol·L-1) solution,raising rates of contents of H2O2 and MDA,and decreasing rates of activities of SOD and POD obviously slowed down,respectively. CAT activity quickly raised after it decreasing under osmotic stress,when seedlings were sprayed with CaCl2 solution.
2000, 13(4): 397-406.
Abstract:
Thinning density tests were established in 10 plantations of 6～18 years old slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda). Based on the response of stand growth factors to the treatments after 4～6 years and the economic analysis results, the stand density regulating schemes of the two species were determined. According to the the operating results, it is that under the normal conditions, thinning will have net profits in the stands over 8 years old with density below 2000 trees·hm-2,and the time of first thinning must be before 12 years so the growth rate of reserved trees could be improved. By thinning, the outturn percent of merchantable timber of standing trees are slightly increased, bu the growing stock and total yield of stands are decreased along with the increase of thinning density, the interval of thinning should be at least 6 years or longer. With comprehensive consideration of the factors including site conditions, treatment effects and management targets, the cultivation schemes wrer put forward. The establishment of industrial timber plantation with the two species should be on the site with site index of 14～18. For the pulping timber cultivation, the stand should be planted with density of 2000～1667 trees·hm-2, harvested at about 15 years old, or thinned to about 1200 trees·hm-2 at 8～10 years old and final cut at 18～20 years old. For construction timber cultivation, the planting density should be 1667～1111 trees·hm-2, the first thinning should be operated at 10～12 years old with the reserved trees of about 1100～800 trees·hm-2, the second thinning should be at 16～18 years with 800～500 trees·hm-2 reserved, the final cut be at 20～25 years old.
Thinning density tests were established in 10 plantations of 6～18 years old slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda). Based on the response of stand growth factors to the treatments after 4～6 years and the economic analysis results, the stand density regulating schemes of the two species were determined. According to the the operating results, it is that under the normal conditions, thinning will have net profits in the stands over 8 years old with density below 2000 trees·hm-2,and the time of first thinning must be before 12 years so the growth rate of reserved trees could be improved. By thinning, the outturn percent of merchantable timber of standing trees are slightly increased, bu the growing stock and total yield of stands are decreased along with the increase of thinning density, the interval of thinning should be at least 6 years or longer. With comprehensive consideration of the factors including site conditions, treatment effects and management targets, the cultivation schemes wrer put forward. The establishment of industrial timber plantation with the two species should be on the site with site index of 14～18. For the pulping timber cultivation, the stand should be planted with density of 2000～1667 trees·hm-2, harvested at about 15 years old, or thinned to about 1200 trees·hm-2 at 8～10 years old and final cut at 18～20 years old. For construction timber cultivation, the planting density should be 1667～1111 trees·hm-2, the first thinning should be operated at 10～12 years old with the reserved trees of about 1100～800 trees·hm-2, the second thinning should be at 16～18 years with 800～500 trees·hm-2 reserved, the final cut be at 20～25 years old.
2000, 13(4): 407-409.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the reasonable management timelimit of apple wheat intercropping system in the limestone hilly regions of the Taihang Mountain. Through developing the pattern between coverage of apple trees and decreasing rate of wheat yields, the growth pattern of the crown growth of apple tree, the mathematic model of reasonable management timelimit of the agroforestry system was established and then the reasonable management timelmit of different agroforestry system models was determined.
This paper deals with the reasonable management timelimit of apple wheat intercropping system in the limestone hilly regions of the Taihang Mountain. Through developing the pattern between coverage of apple trees and decreasing rate of wheat yields, the growth pattern of the crown growth of apple tree, the mathematic model of reasonable management timelimit of the agroforestry system was established and then the reasonable management timelmit of different agroforestry system models was determined.
2000, 13(4): 410-415.
Abstract:
Experimental results demonstrated various responses of two geographical strains of Tricholoma matsutake (9924 and 99606) in the culture conditions.The suitable temperature ranges for the growth of strains 9924 and 99606 were 10～25 ℃ and 15～25 ℃ respectively.The suitable pH ranged from 3.5 to 7.5 for strain 9924 while relative short range (4.5～5.5) for strain 99606.Regarding the requirement of carbon,polymeric glucose was the optimum sources for strain 9924,and glucose,frustose,maltose and starch were also suitable for its growth.Comparably,cornpowder was the best carbon source for the strain 99606 and followed with glucose,dextrin,maltose,sucrose,starch,etc..Both strains were able to absorb such nitrogen sources as (NH4)2SO4,NH4Cl,NH4NO3 other than (NH4)2HPO4 or urea.Results also showed that vitamin could benefit the growth of both strains,especially for the strain 99606.
Experimental results demonstrated various responses of two geographical strains of Tricholoma matsutake (9924 and 99606) in the culture conditions.The suitable temperature ranges for the growth of strains 9924 and 99606 were 10～25 ℃ and 15～25 ℃ respectively.The suitable pH ranged from 3.5 to 7.5 for strain 9924 while relative short range (4.5～5.5) for strain 99606.Regarding the requirement of carbon,polymeric glucose was the optimum sources for strain 9924,and glucose,frustose,maltose and starch were also suitable for its growth.Comparably,cornpowder was the best carbon source for the strain 99606 and followed with glucose,dextrin,maltose,sucrose,starch,etc..Both strains were able to absorb such nitrogen sources as (NH4)2SO4,NH4Cl,NH4NO3 other than (NH4)2HPO4 or urea.Results also showed that vitamin could benefit the growth of both strains,especially for the strain 99606.
2000, 13(4): 416-422.
Abstract:
One hundred and thirty five species (including subspecies) of natural enemies of the insect pests in the seed stands of Picea crassifolia Kom.in the Qilian Mountains in Qinhai Province were collected and identified.Among them 54 species were parasitoids and 81 predatory insects.The major species of the natural enemies of the important pests and the 14 species of the parasitoids of Pseudotomides strobibellus, which is the predomitory species of the seed and cone pests,were found.The total parasitic rate is 10%～60%,primarily by Scambus sp., Megashyssa sp.and Hyssopus nigritulus. Collecting the damaged seed cones in the on year and releasing parasitoids in the off year can increase the parasitic rate to 36.5%～38.2% and decrease the rate of damaged seed cones to 55.1%.
One hundred and thirty five species (including subspecies) of natural enemies of the insect pests in the seed stands of Picea crassifolia Kom.in the Qilian Mountains in Qinhai Province were collected and identified.Among them 54 species were parasitoids and 81 predatory insects.The major species of the natural enemies of the important pests and the 14 species of the parasitoids of Pseudotomides strobibellus, which is the predomitory species of the seed and cone pests,were found.The total parasitic rate is 10%～60%,primarily by Scambus sp., Megashyssa sp.and Hyssopus nigritulus. Collecting the damaged seed cones in the on year and releasing parasitoids in the off year can increase the parasitic rate to 36.5%～38.2% and decrease the rate of damaged seed cones to 55.1%.
2000, 13(4): 423-430.
Abstract:
The factors affecting the genetic diversity of tree pathogenic population were studied from the aspects of gene recombination,mutation,migration and gene flow.The main research methods and techniques of population differentiation were discussed from the viewpoints of artificial selection of phenotypic observation,virulence and drug resistance,the determination of vegetation affinity and analysis of isozyme,RFLP,RAPD,AFLP,RAMS.The application of RAPD was described in detail.
The factors affecting the genetic diversity of tree pathogenic population were studied from the aspects of gene recombination,mutation,migration and gene flow.The main research methods and techniques of population differentiation were discussed from the viewpoints of artificial selection of phenotypic observation,virulence and drug resistance,the determination of vegetation affinity and analysis of isozyme,RFLP,RAPD,AFLP,RAMS.The application of RAPD was described in detail.
2000, 13(4): 431-438.
Abstract:
Based on a review on the development of forest hydrological model,the theoretical base,types and characteristics of the physically based distributed model (PBDM) was presented.There are three types of forest hydrological models,i.e.,black box models,lumped models and PBDMs.The black box models were set up only according to input and output to the watershed.The structures of lumped models based on the hydrological processes in the watershed.Compared to the black box model and the lumped model,the PBDM has considered the spatial heterogeneity in the watershed and distinguished with different cells and flow pathways,therefore can express the hydrological processes in both spatial and chronological dimensions.PBDM can be served as a tool for a better prediction of the natural and anthropological impacts on the water resources and environment in a definite watershed for the purpose of making scientific decisions in the watershed management.The author suggested that landscape ecology could make a theoretical basis and GIS could give a technical support to the PBDM.The long puzzled problem of upscaling in forest hydrology can expect to be solved with the landscape ecology and GIS supported PBDM.
Based on a review on the development of forest hydrological model,the theoretical base,types and characteristics of the physically based distributed model (PBDM) was presented.There are three types of forest hydrological models,i.e.,black box models,lumped models and PBDMs.The black box models were set up only according to input and output to the watershed.The structures of lumped models based on the hydrological processes in the watershed.Compared to the black box model and the lumped model,the PBDM has considered the spatial heterogeneity in the watershed and distinguished with different cells and flow pathways,therefore can express the hydrological processes in both spatial and chronological dimensions.PBDM can be served as a tool for a better prediction of the natural and anthropological impacts on the water resources and environment in a definite watershed for the purpose of making scientific decisions in the watershed management.The author suggested that landscape ecology could make a theoretical basis and GIS could give a technical support to the PBDM.The long puzzled problem of upscaling in forest hydrology can expect to be solved with the landscape ecology and GIS supported PBDM.
2000, 13(4): 439-442.
Abstract:
The paper implemened forest resources data updated by designing survey database of resource (including subcompartment database and tree species database) and database of resource(including changed database of subcompartment and changed database of tree species) change,compartementalized database of resource survey into two processes—stand growing naturally without interference and stand changing caused by the interference of environment.The data of natural forest resources was updated by applying interrelation between database and adopting different types of growth and management models respectively on the base of network database language—PowerBulider and Visual C as well.
The paper implemened forest resources data updated by designing survey database of resource (including subcompartment database and tree species database) and database of resource(including changed database of subcompartment and changed database of tree species) change,compartementalized database of resource survey into two processes—stand growing naturally without interference and stand changing caused by the interference of environment.The data of natural forest resources was updated by applying interrelation between database and adopting different types of growth and management models respectively on the base of network database language—PowerBulider and Visual C as well.
2000, 13(4): 443-446.
Abstract:
Misumenops tricuspidatus is a predator of Erythroneura sudra and Hyalopterus amygdali .Its selective coefficient varies with the amount change of these two pest populations.When the amount of both insect pest increase or the amount of E.sudra increases while H.amygdali keep unchanged, E.sudra is the priority to be caught.Only when the amount of H.amygdali increase while that of E.sudra keep unchanged and the ratio reached 20/10,the H.amygdali takes the precedence to be caught.
Misumenops tricuspidatus is a predator of Erythroneura sudra and Hyalopterus amygdali .Its selective coefficient varies with the amount change of these two pest populations.When the amount of both insect pest increase or the amount of E.sudra increases while H.amygdali keep unchanged, E.sudra is the priority to be caught.Only when the amount of H.amygdali increase while that of E.sudra keep unchanged and the ratio reached 20/10,the H.amygdali takes the precedence to be caught.
2000, 13(4): 447-450.
Abstract:
Based on the mechanism of differentiation of Dendrolimus punctatus in the area with the latitude of 30°N,the differentiation rates of the second and third generation can be determined by evaluating the hatching rate of the second generation larvae,so as to forecast the dynamics trend of local populations. The practical forecast and verification conducted in Gaoan,Wannian,Yujiang and Linchuan counties of Jiangxi Province in 1993 proved that it is feasible to forecast the differentiatin of the second and third generation by critical differentiation date.
Based on the mechanism of differentiation of Dendrolimus punctatus in the area with the latitude of 30°N,the differentiation rates of the second and third generation can be determined by evaluating the hatching rate of the second generation larvae,so as to forecast the dynamics trend of local populations. The practical forecast and verification conducted in Gaoan,Wannian,Yujiang and Linchuan counties of Jiangxi Province in 1993 proved that it is feasible to forecast the differentiatin of the second and third generation by critical differentiation date.
2000, 13(4): 451-454.
Abstract:
Information of Ophiostoma minus in Yunnan of China was provided, which includes the geographical distribution, pine tree hosts, relatedness with bark beetles and temperatures, and the pathogenicity features. O. minus was proved to be a fungus associated with Tomicus piniperda and T. minor, exhibiting the positive correlation between beetle damage level and the fungal occurrence. The blue stain fungus in Yunnan was mainly isolated from Pinus yunnanensis, with a few isolations from P. densata and P. kesiya.
Information of Ophiostoma minus in Yunnan of China was provided, which includes the geographical distribution, pine tree hosts, relatedness with bark beetles and temperatures, and the pathogenicity features. O. minus was proved to be a fungus associated with Tomicus piniperda and T. minor, exhibiting the positive correlation between beetle damage level and the fungal occurrence. The blue stain fungus in Yunnan was mainly isolated from Pinus yunnanensis, with a few isolations from P. densata and P. kesiya.
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