• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2001 Vol. 14, No. 5

Display Method:
A Long-term Study on Development and Succession of Undergrowth Vegetations in Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Plantations with Different Density
SHENG Wei tong
2001, 14(5): 463-471.
Abstract:
In 1986,a study was initiated on the 8 or 9 year old Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations with different retained density after thinning at the Shangcun Forest Farm of the Experimental Center for Subtropical Forestry under the Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), which is located in Fenyi County of Jiangxi Province. Six sample plots were set up in the Chinese fir plantations with stand density of 3 000 trees·hm-2, 2 400 trees·hm-2and 1 500 trees·hm-2and with the canopy density of 0.9,0.7 and 0.6 respectively. The annual investigation has been made for 13 years on the development of undergrowth vegetation in the sample plots. The results showed that the undergrowth vegetation developed rapidly and flourished in the plantations with canopy density ≤0.7 the coverage of undergrowth vegetation had reached 80%~90%,with the total amount of undergrowth biomass of 4 or 5 t·hm-2and three storey stand structure was formed in these plantations 8 to 10 years after thinning. But,in the plantations with high density,the undergrowth vegetation started developing only when the plantation grew up to 20 years old. Therefore,reasonable thinning of the plantation can be an effective way for well development of undergrowth vegetation Generally,when the plantation with initial planting density of 2 500~3 000 trees·hm-2grows up to 10 years old,the reasonable retained stand density should be 1 500~2 000 trees·hm-2and the canopy density should be 0.6~0.7 after thinning. The results also showed that the main undergrowth plant species are fernery in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations
Study on Gene Resources in Populus ussuriensis
SU Xiao hua, HUANG Qin jun, ZHANG Xiang hua, ZHANG Qi wen, WANG Bing, YAO Sheng zhi
2001, 14(5): 472-478.
Abstract:
More than 400 native gene resources of Populus ussuriensis Kom., the special indigenous tree species of northeast forestry region of China, were collected. In 1994 the first gene pool of P. ussuriensis in China was established by these materials in Dailing, Heilongjiang Province.The conventional methods were used to analyze and measure the characters such as growth, phenology, disease resistance to Melampsora larici populina and wood properties,and RAPD analysis was applied to detect the genetic structure of nature populations and differentiation degree on DNA molecular level. Based on the synthetic evaluation, 5 elite populations and 44 elite individuals, which were selected, will provide a basis of establishing plantation in northeast China and the materials and information to resistant breeding in Populus. The result showed that elite individual selection within the best seed sources is an important way of genetic improvement of P.ussuriensis in the near future.
Classification of Damage Level for Italian Coast Forestry Using Remote Sensing Data
BAI Li na, LI Zeng yuan, Fabio Maselli, Lorenzo Bottai, Alberto Ortolani, Stefano Romanelli
2001, 14(5): 479-483.
Abstract:
The potential of applying Landsat TM and ERS 1 SAR data to classify the damage levels of Italian coast forestry was analyzed. The result indicates that TM data acquired in summer is more effective than that obtained in winter and ERS 1 SAR data on forestry damage mapping. But the contribution of ERS 1 SAR data for this study is not neglected. The B P (Back propagation) model of artificial neural network was applied to identify different levels of forestry damage. The evaluation for the classified precision with FINDKAPPA program is provided and the map of forestry damage levels for study area is also provided.
Investigation of Root-knot Nematodes in East China
WANG Lai fa, YANG Bao jun, LI Chuan dao
2001, 14(5): 484-489.
Abstract:
The fauna of the root knot nematodes was investigated from 104 samples in six provinces of East China. The root knot nematodes on 65 species of host plants were identified as Meloidogyne incognita, M.arenaria and M.javanica by the perineal patterns and the esterase isozymes. The occurrence frequencies of them were 88%, 4% and 8%, respectively. M.incognita was the most common species. 26 of the 65 host plants were recorded for the first time in China. The results of investigation can be used as reference to work out a control scheme of the root knot nematodes in this region.
Development and Application of Geographic Information System of Wangqing Forestry Bureau
HONG Ling xia, DU Ji shan, FENG Yi ming, WANG Feng yu, MU Hui sheng, LI Dong lan
2001, 14(5): 490-495.
Abstract:
Taking Wangqing Forestry Bureau in Jilin Province as a example, the procedure of development and application of Geographic Information System of Wangqing Forestry Bureau was introduced based on MapInfo software. In this system, the attribute information and space distribution information are connected reasonably and correctly and can be updated simultaneously by ODBC and DDE function of MapInfo which is easy for users to inquiry or modify mutual information between the space distribution and region attribute of forest. This new characteristic can successfully solve the traditional problem--separation between attribute information and space distribution information. By using this system, the decision makers can get the up to date forest information and make forest resource information management to meet the need of forestry sustainable development.
A Preliminary Study on the Establishment of Forests for Recreation and Health Cares at Banzhangshan Forest Park of Zhuhai City
SU Juan, XIE De xing, LIAO Shao bo, LIANG Jia qiang, SUN Bing
2001, 14(5): 496-502.
Abstract:
The multi purpose utilization of forests is one of the major concerns in forestry sector development at present, and the utilization value for improving public health of the forests for recreation and health cares (FRHCs) may have among others a strong appeal to the public. The establishment of FRHCs is a newly emerged forest management activity in China; hence little has been known about the types, role, position and significance, and ways and measures of establishment of FRHCs as well as its relations to the public health. This paper puts out emphatically the importance of forests in recreation activities of human beings, and summarizes the efficacy of FRHCs on the spirits, social behaviors, body and skills of people, and the three kinds of services that FRHCs provide. Also introduced in this paper are the establishment of FRHCs in the Banzhangshan Forost Park of Zhuhai City and suggestions on the ways and measures for further improvement. For the establishment of forests for group dwellings of wild birds, selection of sites, patterns of tree plantings or composition of tree species and arrangements of human activities must be considered. The ways and measures for improving the FRHCs include 1)establishment of forests with clearly defined "the four seasons" and with blooming flowers; 2) replanting of tree species with improved functions of health cares; 3) promotion of green shower activities; 4) clear up and maintenance of forest stands;5) protection and maintenance of forests and natural landscapes; and 6) pursuance of commentary services.
Study on the Spatial Quantitative Distribution of Chinolyda flagellicornis
CHEN Hui hua, CUI Xiang fu, ZHENG Yong xiang
2001, 14(5): 503-508.
Abstract:
The artificial nerve network method and spatial tendency plane analysis method were used to study the relationship between the amount and spatial position of Chinolyda flagellicornis diapause larva.The BP (Back Propagation)network model and cubic tendency plane model of the spatial quantitative distribution of C.flagellicornis diapause larva were established.The results showed that the BP network model has high precision of fit in simulating the amount of diapause larvae with different spatial position.When the amount of crypto neurone is 12,the mean simulation precision reaches 96.90%.The mean forecast precision of 20 groups of sample prepared in advance reachs 92.35%.The mean simulation precision of cubic tendency plane model is 93.01%,while the mean forecast precision of 20 groups of sample prepared in advance is 93.24%.
Progeny Test for the Open-pollinated Families of Loblolly Pine with Multiple Site
HUANG Shao wei, ZHONG Wei hua, HUANG Kai, JIANG Jing min
2001, 14(5): 509-514.
Abstract:
Fifty two open pollinated families of loblolly pine involved in a three site progeny test were analyzed on their growth traits at the age of 6 years.Extremely significant differences were found among sites,with the largest amount of growth in Fuyang,the high latitude site,and the least amount of growth in Suixi,the low latitude site.Growth differences among families and effect of family × site interaction were both significant.Therefore,different superior families should be selected for different forestaion ares.We selected 15 and 9 superior families respectively for Yingde and Fuyang.Result of the test provided a basis for directional seeds supply and roguing of the primary seed orchard.With the above mentioned selection rate,when seed from the superior clones were collected for suitable forestation area,the genetic gain of volume was estimated to be 5.4%~5.8%.if the primary seed orchard was rogued and these superior clones were preserved,then the genetic gain of volume would be doubled,amount to 10.8%~11.6%.
Effects of Inoculation with 11 Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Isolates on Growth and Photosynthesis of Castanopsis hystrix Saplings
CHEN Ying long, GONG Ming qin, CHEN Yu, WANG Feng zhen
2001, 14(5): 515-522.
Abstract:
As an important indigenous broad leafed tree species,Castanopsis hystrix A.DC.has been commonly adopted for reforestation program in southern China.Many efforts have been tried to enhance the growth of saplings in nursery before transplanting. Mycorrhizal technology could be the most effective way to meet this requirement. This paper reports the inoculant efficacy of 11 ectomycorrhizal fungal isolates belonging to 7 genera(Tuber,Tricholoma, Rhizopogon,Laccaria,Pisolithus, Scleroderma and Descolea)on C. hystrix saplings in a glasshouse.All fungal isolates were capable of colonizing root systems of saplings to form ectomycorrhizal associations 26 weeks after inoculation though the infective rates varied within 48%~95%. Effects of each fungal treatment on the growth and photosynthesis were assessed 26 weeks after inoculation. Statistic analysis revealed the great response of the growth on fungal inoculation. There were substantial differences on the height, basal diameter,dry weight and other growth index of inoculated saplings compared to those of uninoculated(P0 01). Inoculation also affected photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency of saplings. Isolates, Pisolithus C9132-MH727-C9216, Rhizopogon 9480 and Tricholoma 9810,were the most efficient colonizers for the growth improvement of C. hystris saplings, and the potential for inoculation programs. This is the first report on mycorrhizal formation of the European Perigord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) on Chinese native tree species through inoculation techniques.
Study on Trapping Monochamus alternatus and Other Pine Boring Beetles with M99-1 Liquid Attractant
ZHAO Jin nian, LIN Chang chun, JIANG Li yuan, WU Cang song, YAO Jian fei, YU Sheng ming
2001, 14(5): 523-529.
Abstract:
The species of boring beetles,population dynamics of pine boring beetles,and egg breeding of female pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus,trapped with M 99 1 liquid attractant in three different forest stands, i.e.Pinus massoniana Quercus mixed stand, P.massoniana P.elliottii plantation and P.taiwanensis natural stand,are described. Twenty six species of beetle were trapped,of which 14 are pine boring pests,occupying 53 8% of the total species trapped.Within the pine boring beetles,Shirahoshizo patruelis and Monochamus alternatus are the dominant pests with the highest population density. Eggs developed in ovary of the female pine sawyer and the ratio vary with the trapping date.The peak (16.9 eggs,41.9%) appeared before late June. It is concluded that M 99 1 is an effective method to monitor the population dynamics and cut down the population density of boring beetles.
A New Species of the Genus Aprostocetus Westwood (Hymenoptera:Eulophidea) from China
WU Guo yan, XU Zhi hong, LANG Xue jun
2001, 14(5): 530-532.
Abstract:
A new species of the genus Aprostocetus Westwood in Zhejiang Province is described and illustrated.The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Applied Entomology,College of Agriculture Biotechnology,Zhejiang University. Aprostocetus dryocosmi Wu et Xu,sp.nov.(Fig.1) Length of body:2 2 mm. Host:Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Distribution:Zhejiang(Jiangshan,Anji). Specimens examined:Holotype ♀,Jiangshan(28 7° N,118 6° E),Zhejiang, 2001 03 27, C200102 2.Paratype 1♀,Jiangshan(28 7° N,118 6° E),Zhejiang, 2001 03 27, C200102 2; 1♀, Anji(30 6° N,119 6° E), Zhejiang, 2001 03 28, C200104 2. The female of this new species is close to Aprostocetus diplosidis Crawford,but different from the latter in:(1)the propodeum more than 1/6 as long as scutellum,the latter extremely short,and only 1/10 as long as scutellum;(2)gaster as long as thorax and propodeum combined,the latter always longer;(3)ovipositor exserted a little,the latter markedly exserted.
Fertilization Effectiveness and Gain Sustainability of Middle aged Pinus massoniana Plantation
CHEN Hong hui, WEN Heng hui
2001, 14(5): 533-539.
Abstract:
Thirteen years' test of Pinus massoniana plantation fertilization showed that fertilizing P and K on red soil area benefited the growth of middle aged P. massoniana plantation and the effect of fertilizer lasts long, while applying N fertilizer was disadvantageous to the growth of plantation. The best combination of fertilizer was N1P3K2, i.e. the applying of N, P, and K fertilizers in the ratio of 0 kg, 240 kg, 65 kg per hectare. Taking P1 (0 kg per hectare) as control, P3 (240 kg per hectare) treatment will increase the periodic increments of tree height, DBH and volume by 6.1%, 15.0% and 12.7% respectively. In the certain stage after fertilizing, site quality will still be a factor closely correlated with the growth of P. massoniana. Fertilization will not promote the spatial differentiation of middle aged P.massoniana plantation.
Study on the Biomass and Soil Fertility of Pure and Mixed Stands of Cunninghamia lanceolata,Liriodendron chinense and Sassafras tsumu
HE Gui ping, CHEN Yi tai, HU Bing tang, FENG Jian wen, LIU Hua tong, CAI Hong ming
2001, 14(5): 540-547.
Abstract:
From the viewpoints of tree growth,biomass,spatial distribution pattern and soil fertility,the pure and mixed stands of 5 year old Cunninghamia lanceolata and Liriodendron chinense and Sassafras tsumu grown in Shaowu of Fujian Province were studied.The results showed that the C.lanceolata L.chinense,C. lanceolata S.tsumu mixed stands and the pure stands of L.chinense,and S.tsumu have higher productivity.The biomass of pure L.chinense stand was 91.933 t·hm-2,and the mixed stand(C.lanceolata∶L.chinense=2∶1)was 45.32 t·hm-2,which are 4.55 times and 2.24 times that of pure C.lanceolata stand.The biomass of mixed stands of C.lanceolata and L.chinense in the ratio of 3∶1 and 5∶1 were 36.1201 t·hm-2and 34.2920 t·hm-2respectively,which were 78.96% and 69 90% higher than that of pure C.lanceolata pure stand.The biomass of pure S.tsumu stand was 60.105 t·hm-2,which was 3.31 times that of the C.lanceolata Pure stand.The biomass of mixed stands of C.lanceolata and S. tsumu in the ratio of 2∶1,3∶1 and 5∶1 were 32.426 t·hm-2,28.635 t·hm-2and 25.822 t·hm-2,which were 78.54%,57.67% and 41 18% higher than that of the C.lanceolata pure stand.The mixed stand of C.lanceolata with L.chinense and S.tsumu could form better stand structure as well as benefits the soil fertility and promotes the growth of C.lanceolata.The authors hold that the mixture pattern of C.lanceolata and L.chinense in the ratio of 2∶1 is a good afforestation pattern and worth to be extenuated.
Study on the Fruit Traits of Local Chestnut Cultivars in Hubei Province
TU Bing kun
2001, 14(5): 548-552.
Abstract:
Based on the field investigation, Q cluster analysis and R cluster analysis were used to examine the 10 traits of 20 local chestnut cultivars grown in Hubei Province. According to Q cluster analysis, 20 cultivars were divided into 3 groups:(1) type youli, with the characters of small nut, late maturing and easy to store; (2) type of large nut, with the characters of large nut size and middle maturing; (3)type of middle nut, with the characters of middle nut size and late maturing. By R cluster analysis,the relationship among various traits was revealed. The 10 traits were divided into 3 groups:(1) the average mass of nut; (2) the average mass of involucre; (3) other traits. The former two are unstable quantitative traits.Based on involucre and nut traits, the key to the variety of chestnut was compiled. The author also puts forward some suggestions on adjustment of variety structure in Hubei Province.
Studies on the Floristic Geography of the Woody Flora from Xinjiang in China
CUI Da fang, LIAO Wen bo, ZHANG Hong da
2001, 14(5): 553-559.
Abstract:
A detailed floristic phytogeographical characteristics of the woody flora and vegetation of Xinjiang were analyzed. The main conclusion is as follows:(1)There are 436 species (belonging to 37 families and 105 genera) of the woody flora of Xinjiang. Among them, 22 species belonging to 3 families and 6 genera are the gymnospermous flora, and 414 species belonging to 34 families and 99 genera are the angiospermous flora. (2) From the point of nature geographical region view, Xinjiang consists of several parts, e.g.Mt. Tianshan, Mt.Altai, Tarim Basin, Zhungeer Basin, and Xinjiang Desert Region. They are different from each other in the floristic properties, for example, Mt.Tianshan is characterized by the dominant Tianshan elements and abundant Europe Siberia Tianshan one;Mt.Altai is characterized by the dominant Siberia Altai one and Europe Siberia one; Tarim by dominant Center Asia one; Zhungeer by dominant Center Asia desert one, and Xinjiang Desert Region by Tethys Center Asia one which is related with Tethys flora. (3) The floristic composition of the woody flora of Xinjiang is very complicated. Their origin is pluralistic, and the origin geological periods are also different among nature regions. As for the original elements,they mainly include Angola, Old North Pole, Tethys and Cathaysian floristic elements. In the north of Tianshan,especial in Altai and Zhungeer, they maybe derive from the Angola and the Old North Pole elements. In the sorth of Tianshan,especially in Tarim Basin,there existe the dominant desert elements come from Center Asia; in the desert region of north Xinjiang,especially in Zhungeer Basin, Old Tethy and Center Asia elements are abundant.The desert flora in Xinjiang is more antique than the mountain flora. The former could derive from the early Tertiary; the desert flora in Zhungeer Basin could form in Quaternary, the latter could also form in Quaternary.Although some of Xinjiang mountains had risen free after Old Tethys gone away,they were affected deeply by glacier,and the present flora has been controlled continuously by arid climate since Tertiary period,and it became more and more dry in Quaternary.
Studies on Biological Characteristics of Xylotrechus namanganensis
WANG Ai jing
2001, 14(5): 560-565.
Abstract:
Xylotrechus namanganensis is endemic to Middle Asia subregion of Palaearctic region. It causes severe damage to about 20 broadleaved tree species in the north of Xinjiang and greatly weakens the growth vigor of infested trees and even causes the host trees to die.X.namanganensis has one generation per year in the area of Kelamayi, and overwinters as mature larva in the trunk. The adult,larva and egg can be found at the same time from mid April to mid or late July,or even through a year.Three kinds of parasitoids were found,among which Leluthia sp. might be a new species, Aspidocolpus erythrogaster Tobias is a new recored species in China, Zombrus sjostedti(Fahringer) is a new record species in Xinjiang.In addition,three parasitic fungi were found in the bodies of larvae,pupae and adults of X.namanganensis, namely Beauveria bassiana, Fusarium solani and Aspergillus candidus.
Fine-root Biomass, Production and Turnover of Trees in Relations to Environmental Conditions
ZHANG Xiao quan
2001, 14(5): 566-573.
Abstract:
It is wided confirmed that fine roots play significant roles in carbon budget and nutrient cycling of forest ecosystems. Trees are dependent on fine roots for uptakes of nutrients and water,while fine roots are sensitive to environmental stress. Therefore fine root dynamics is one of important indicators for changing environment and tree health. Based on a huge literature, fine root distribution, biomass, production and turnover of trees in relations to such environmental factors as soil nutrient, moisture, pH, temperature and atmospheric CO2, etc., were discussed in the paper, aiming to provide Chinese colleagues with references for fine root ecological studies in China.
Study on Regeneration Age of Farm poplar Shelter Belt in Huanghe Flooding Plain
XU Jing wei, WANG Wei dong, LIU Sheng fang, WANG Wen feng, TIAN Hua, WANG Fu gui
2001, 14(5): 574-577.
Abstract:
Several mathematical models were built based on the data of representative plot, sample trees and analytic trees of poplar,which is the main tree species of farm shelter belt.Using mathematical method,and according to the synthetic analysis from different aspects i.e.protection maturity, quantitative maturity and economic maturity, the suitable regeneration age was determined as 14~20 years old.This can be used as a reference for the management of farm shelter belt.
The Common Edible Species of Wasps in Yunnanand Their Value as Food
FENG Ying, CHEN Xiao ming, YE Shou de, WANG Shao yun, CHEN Yong, Wang Zi li
2001, 14(5): 578-581.
Abstract:
Wasps belong to Hymenopetera and feed on other insects.Wasps have been used as food insects for a long time both in China and abroad. They are common edible insects in Yunnan. The investigation and research results show that there are 12 species of edible wasps inYunnan. The larvae and pupae of wasps are nutritious and contain richprotein and amino acids. The average amount of protein is 52.96% and the average amount of amino acids 44.77%. The average amount of 7 kinds of amino acids necessary to human body is 16.62% and that is 37.12% of the total amino acids.
A Study on the Storage of Pigeon Pea Seed
ZHANG Jian yun, LI Zheng hong, LIU Xiu xian, ZHOU Chao hong, HUI Ya ling
2001, 14(5): 582-586.
Abstract:
A test for the seed of pigeon pea Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp grain impunity from insects was conducted by the two wrapping methods in which pigeon peas seed grain were wrapped in ventilative and sealed industrial steaming cooking plastic bags respectively. Treating wrapped grains with Co 60 with radiation dosages of 0 KGY, 0.1 KGY, 1.0 KGY, 3.0 KGY and 7.0 KGY, the result shows: a) wrapped by ventilative wrappings and treated by Co 60 with dosage of 3.0 KGY, the grains have the best impunity from insect. On an average, only 0.87 grains was susceptive to insects; b) wrapped by ventilative bags and not treated by Co 60, average 46.87 grains were susceptive to insects; c) wrapped by sealed plastic bags and not treated by Co 60, average 1.13 grains were susceptive to insects. Meanwhile, the nutritional content in grains did not change after radiation treat. Therefore, considering economic factor, the purpose to prevent from grain insect can be reached by non radiation and sealed wrapping treat.