2002 Vol. 15, No. 6
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2002, 15(6): 629-636.
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Abstract:
A systematic study was made on the impact of the growth and development characters of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and its plantation on the long term site productivity. The results show that many growth and development characters of Chinese fir and its plantation have negative impact on the maintenance of site productivity, i.e. (1) the falling of needles and branches occur lately and mainly concentrative occurs when it is 14-,16 years old in the plantation. (2) the dead needles and branches keep staying on stem long and most of them keep staying on stem when it is 13-,15 years old, which results in non immediate decomposition of dead needles and branches. (3) the litters of Chinese fir contains less nutrients, e.g. the content of N is only 30%-,50% of that in the litters of broad leaved trees that results in less back of the nutrients to the soil in Chinese fir plantations. (4) the decomposition rate of Chinese fir litters is relatively slow with annual decomposition rate below 45%. (5) as a fast growing tree species Chinese fir needs much nutrients to grow especially before 15 years old, which is not compatible by the amount of nutrients given back from the decomposition of litters so that the nutrient cycling rate is less than 40% in Chinese fir plantations. (6) since the density is high for Chinese fir plantation, little or no undergrowth vegetation develop in the Chinese fir plantation before thinning at around 15 years old that results in no contribution of undergrowth to the improvement of soil nutrient status until the plantation grows to 20 years old. It is concluded that the growth and development characters of Chinese fir and its plantation are also the important factors resulting in the degradation of soil fertility or the reduction of long term site productivity in Chinese fir plantation.
A systematic study was made on the impact of the growth and development characters of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and its plantation on the long term site productivity. The results show that many growth and development characters of Chinese fir and its plantation have negative impact on the maintenance of site productivity, i.e. (1) the falling of needles and branches occur lately and mainly concentrative occurs when it is 14-,16 years old in the plantation. (2) the dead needles and branches keep staying on stem long and most of them keep staying on stem when it is 13-,15 years old, which results in non immediate decomposition of dead needles and branches. (3) the litters of Chinese fir contains less nutrients, e.g. the content of N is only 30%-,50% of that in the litters of broad leaved trees that results in less back of the nutrients to the soil in Chinese fir plantations. (4) the decomposition rate of Chinese fir litters is relatively slow with annual decomposition rate below 45%. (5) as a fast growing tree species Chinese fir needs much nutrients to grow especially before 15 years old, which is not compatible by the amount of nutrients given back from the decomposition of litters so that the nutrient cycling rate is less than 40% in Chinese fir plantations. (6) since the density is high for Chinese fir plantation, little or no undergrowth vegetation develop in the Chinese fir plantation before thinning at around 15 years old that results in no contribution of undergrowth to the improvement of soil nutrient status until the plantation grows to 20 years old. It is concluded that the growth and development characters of Chinese fir and its plantation are also the important factors resulting in the degradation of soil fertility or the reduction of long term site productivity in Chinese fir plantation.
2002, 15(6): 637-643.
Abstract:
In order to provide quick, in time and exact online data analysis and decision support for decision maker by means of networks, a network database of forestry resource and environment information on ministry level was built. Based on this, the data warehouse which support multi dimension data was designed and set up. At the same time, the modularized method, model and knowledge database were developed using the object roented ideal. An online decision support system of forestry resource and environment information was built by using the technique of Common Gateway Interfact (CGI) to realize the interface of users, databases and the system.
In order to provide quick, in time and exact online data analysis and decision support for decision maker by means of networks, a network database of forestry resource and environment information on ministry level was built. Based on this, the data warehouse which support multi dimension data was designed and set up. At the same time, the modularized method, model and knowledge database were developed using the object roented ideal. An online decision support system of forestry resource and environment information was built by using the technique of Common Gateway Interfact (CGI) to realize the interface of users, databases and the system.
2002, 15(6): 644-653.
Abstract:
The results on growths, biomass, nutrient contents and economic benefit of young seedling plantation for Eucalyptus urophylla at 6 year old by applying fertilizer were comprehensively summed up. The results showed that there was high significant increasing effect for young seedling plantation of E. urophylla. There were also high significant differences on growths of height, DBH and per hectare volume at year old between fertilizer treatment and no fertilizer treatment. Compared with no fertilizer treatment, fertilizer treatment on growths of height, DBH and per hectare volume increased by 34.76%, 56.80% and 206.59% respectively. Especially in No. 9 treatment (N-100,P-150,K-50,) with the mean height of 13.17 m, mean DBH of 13.73 cm and mean volume of 141.1 m3·hm-2,, it increased by 41.77%, 78.54% and 290.86% respectively. The best fertilizer combined ratio for N, P and K is 2:3:1. Fertilizer application can increase both the growths and biomass of each part for E. urophylla plantation. Fertilizer application also promoted absorb and utilization of each nutrient element for E. urophylla. In addition, reasonable fertilizer application also attained the considerable economic benefit. The net profit of No. 9 treatment with a total of 9 946.84 RMB·hm-2, at 6 year old was 9.58 times than that of no fertilizer treatment. A ratio of input and output and a IRR for No. 9 treatment (N-100,P-150,K-50,) are 1 to 2.74 and 32.33% respectively
The results on growths, biomass, nutrient contents and economic benefit of young seedling plantation for Eucalyptus urophylla at 6 year old by applying fertilizer were comprehensively summed up. The results showed that there was high significant increasing effect for young seedling plantation of E. urophylla. There were also high significant differences on growths of height, DBH and per hectare volume at year old between fertilizer treatment and no fertilizer treatment. Compared with no fertilizer treatment, fertilizer treatment on growths of height, DBH and per hectare volume increased by 34.76%, 56.80% and 206.59% respectively. Especially in No. 9 treatment (N-100,P-150,K-50,) with the mean height of 13.17 m, mean DBH of 13.73 cm and mean volume of 141.1 m3·hm-2,, it increased by 41.77%, 78.54% and 290.86% respectively. The best fertilizer combined ratio for N, P and K is 2:3:1. Fertilizer application can increase both the growths and biomass of each part for E. urophylla plantation. Fertilizer application also promoted absorb and utilization of each nutrient element for E. urophylla. In addition, reasonable fertilizer application also attained the considerable economic benefit. The net profit of No. 9 treatment with a total of 9 946.84 RMB·hm-2, at 6 year old was 9.58 times than that of no fertilizer treatment. A ratio of input and output and a IRR for No. 9 treatment (N-100,P-150,K-50,) are 1 to 2.74 and 32.33% respectively
2002, 15(6): 654-659.
Abstract:
Seventeen Phyllostachys pubescens natural stands were selected to study the phenotypic features, such as DBH, center DBH, culm length, clear bole height, the node number of the culm, node number of clear bole, thickness of bamboo culm, the length and width of the leave,the number of vein, diameter of bamboo cavity,the ratio between diameter of bamboo cavity and thickness of bamboo culm. It is found that there exist longitude trends for DBH,culm length,the length and width of the leave,the number of vein,diameter of bamboo cavity,ratio between diameter of bamboo cavity and thickness of bamboo culm and less effected by latitude; that the node number of the culm is affected by both longitude and latitude; that other phenotypic features are less effected by longitude or latitude; that all surveying factors have no relations with altitude. Some phenotypic features have distinct relations with atmospheric condition.
Seventeen Phyllostachys pubescens natural stands were selected to study the phenotypic features, such as DBH, center DBH, culm length, clear bole height, the node number of the culm, node number of clear bole, thickness of bamboo culm, the length and width of the leave,the number of vein, diameter of bamboo cavity,the ratio between diameter of bamboo cavity and thickness of bamboo culm. It is found that there exist longitude trends for DBH,culm length,the length and width of the leave,the number of vein,diameter of bamboo cavity,ratio between diameter of bamboo cavity and thickness of bamboo culm and less effected by latitude; that the node number of the culm is affected by both longitude and latitude; that other phenotypic features are less effected by longitude or latitude; that all surveying factors have no relations with altitude. Some phenotypic features have distinct relations with atmospheric condition.
2002, 15(6): 660-665.
Abstract:
Prapogules of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza were collected from Qiongshan,Wenchang and Sanya of Hainan Island,Fangcheng of Guangxi, Leizhou, Lianjiang and Shenzhen of Guangdong respecitively, and planted in Shenzhen Bay for provenance trial at the same time. The experimental results for 4 years show that the difference of survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass among 7 provenances reach significance. Among these provenances, Qiongshan provenance is the best one, whose survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass are 90.0%, 1.54 m, 4.97 cm and 1.358 kg respecitively. The survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass are 17.8%, 17.3%,12.2% and 55.9% higher than the worst Wenchang provenance respecitively, and are 5.5%,18.2%,9.0% and 6.1% higher than local Shenzhen provenance respecitively. The order of comprehensive evaluation on provenances from best to worst is: Qiongshan, Lianjiang, Shenzhen, Sanya, Fangcheng, Leizhou and Wenchang. Since the provenances of Wenchang and Leizhou did not adapt to Shenzhen Bay well, they are not recommended to be planted widely in the local places.
Prapogules of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza were collected from Qiongshan,Wenchang and Sanya of Hainan Island,Fangcheng of Guangxi, Leizhou, Lianjiang and Shenzhen of Guangdong respecitively, and planted in Shenzhen Bay for provenance trial at the same time. The experimental results for 4 years show that the difference of survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass among 7 provenances reach significance. Among these provenances, Qiongshan provenance is the best one, whose survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass are 90.0%, 1.54 m, 4.97 cm and 1.358 kg respecitively. The survival rate, height, basal diameter and biomass are 17.8%, 17.3%,12.2% and 55.9% higher than the worst Wenchang provenance respecitively, and are 5.5%,18.2%,9.0% and 6.1% higher than local Shenzhen provenance respecitively. The order of comprehensive evaluation on provenances from best to worst is: Qiongshan, Lianjiang, Shenzhen, Sanya, Fangcheng, Leizhou and Wenchang. Since the provenances of Wenchang and Leizhou did not adapt to Shenzhen Bay well, they are not recommended to be planted widely in the local places.
2002, 15(6): 666-671.
Abstract:
Most of fertilization trials of eucalypt plantations are for first rotation seedling plantations. There are very few reports on effect of fertilization on second rotation coppice. The study in Huadu of Guangdong Province shows that fertilization significantly increased tree height and diameter growth. But the increment decreased with time. At year 3, the effect of fertilization was significant at p=0.10. However, the best fertilization treatment increased productivity of second rotation coppice by more than 50% over the treatment without any fertilizers and fertilization increased economic benefit of second rotation coppice. Comparing with first rotation seedling plantation, effect of fertilization on second rotation coppice is lower.
Most of fertilization trials of eucalypt plantations are for first rotation seedling plantations. There are very few reports on effect of fertilization on second rotation coppice. The study in Huadu of Guangdong Province shows that fertilization significantly increased tree height and diameter growth. But the increment decreased with time. At year 3, the effect of fertilization was significant at p=0.10. However, the best fertilization treatment increased productivity of second rotation coppice by more than 50% over the treatment without any fertilizers and fertilization increased economic benefit of second rotation coppice. Comparing with first rotation seedling plantation, effect of fertilization on second rotation coppice is lower.
2002, 15(6): 672-679.
Abstract:
During the course of dehydration of Ginkgo biloba leaves, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), which has a significant correlation with stomatal conductance(Gs) (R2=0.816),went down sharply with the rapid decline of Gs until water saturation deficiency (WSD) up to 25%, whereas actual PSⅡ efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) only went down slightly. However, with further increase of WSD above 25%, Pn and Gs both decreased slowly and slightly and the correlation between them was insignificant (R2=0.152),while ΦPSⅡ descended rapidly and remarkably. Based on the analysis of such concerned parameters as stomatal limitation(Ls), inter cellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and ΦPSⅡ etc., the conclusion could be drawed that the main factor that led to drop of Pn lied in decline of Gs until WSD up to 25% but it lied in decline of photosynthetic activeness in leaves when WSD was above 25%. Under the long term drought stress in soil, Pn, Gs and water use efficiency (WUE) in Ginkgo leaves went down remarkably. Regardless of Gs went down significantly under drought stress in soil, the decline of Pn did not lie in it but in the decline of photosynthetic activeness in leaves. Also, drought stress in soil led to more severe decline of Pn in midday in Ginkgo leaves.
During the course of dehydration of Ginkgo biloba leaves, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), which has a significant correlation with stomatal conductance(Gs) (R2=0.816),went down sharply with the rapid decline of Gs until water saturation deficiency (WSD) up to 25%, whereas actual PSⅡ efficiency (ΦPSⅡ) only went down slightly. However, with further increase of WSD above 25%, Pn and Gs both decreased slowly and slightly and the correlation between them was insignificant (R2=0.152),while ΦPSⅡ descended rapidly and remarkably. Based on the analysis of such concerned parameters as stomatal limitation(Ls), inter cellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and ΦPSⅡ etc., the conclusion could be drawed that the main factor that led to drop of Pn lied in decline of Gs until WSD up to 25% but it lied in decline of photosynthetic activeness in leaves when WSD was above 25%. Under the long term drought stress in soil, Pn, Gs and water use efficiency (WUE) in Ginkgo leaves went down remarkably. Regardless of Gs went down significantly under drought stress in soil, the decline of Pn did not lie in it but in the decline of photosynthetic activeness in leaves. Also, drought stress in soil led to more severe decline of Pn in midday in Ginkgo leaves.
2002, 15(6): 680-686.
Abstract:
Trait variation in seedling stage of nineteen Alnus cremastogyne provenances from their native region Sichuan Basin and periphery mountain erea was studied. All of the traits, including 1 000 seeds weight, germination rate, seedling heiht(H) and base diameter(D) growth, root shout ratio for drying weight (RSR), nodulation weight(NOW), fixing nitrogenase livity(FNL), nitrogen counsulation in leaf(NCL), and resistance to freezing(REF),are significantly different among provenances. The trait variation and provenance heritability is that REFgrowth traitsnitrogen fixing traits. There are higher positive genetic relations between growth traits and nitrogen fixing traits. The vast majority of seedling traits have negatively related with elevation of the seed source, especially significant for REF?D and H, and positively related with the longitude,especially significant for REF and NOW. FNL,RSR and REF have positive relation with latitude,others almost no relation with it. This specific property for geographical variation maybe depended on special environment in Sichuan Basin, where Alnus cremastogyne occupies.
Trait variation in seedling stage of nineteen Alnus cremastogyne provenances from their native region Sichuan Basin and periphery mountain erea was studied. All of the traits, including 1 000 seeds weight, germination rate, seedling heiht(H) and base diameter(D) growth, root shout ratio for drying weight (RSR), nodulation weight(NOW), fixing nitrogenase livity(FNL), nitrogen counsulation in leaf(NCL), and resistance to freezing(REF),are significantly different among provenances. The trait variation and provenance heritability is that REFgrowth traitsnitrogen fixing traits. There are higher positive genetic relations between growth traits and nitrogen fixing traits. The vast majority of seedling traits have negatively related with elevation of the seed source, especially significant for REF?D and H, and positively related with the longitude,especially significant for REF and NOW. FNL,RSR and REF have positive relation with latitude,others almost no relation with it. This specific property for geographical variation maybe depended on special environment in Sichuan Basin, where Alnus cremastogyne occupies.
2002, 15(6): 687-692.
Abstract:
The activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (PO) and contents of cellulose and lignin in new digging bamboo shoot of phyllostachys pubescens and P. prominens were measured. The PAL and PO activities were progressively reduced from shoot base to top. contents of cellulose and lignin decreased from base to top. Bamboo shoots were placed at 25 ℃ for 4 day in room. The changes in PAL and PO activity and in cellulose and lignin contents were studied. The results indicated that the activities in PAL and PO and contents in cellulose and lignin increased by a big margin, and the course of lignification was moved forward from shoot base to top. Lignification resulted in loss of edibility.
The activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (PO) and contents of cellulose and lignin in new digging bamboo shoot of phyllostachys pubescens and P. prominens were measured. The PAL and PO activities were progressively reduced from shoot base to top. contents of cellulose and lignin decreased from base to top. Bamboo shoots were placed at 25 ℃ for 4 day in room. The changes in PAL and PO activity and in cellulose and lignin contents were studied. The results indicated that the activities in PAL and PO and contents in cellulose and lignin increased by a big margin, and the course of lignification was moved forward from shoot base to top. Lignification resulted in loss of edibility.
2002, 15(6): 693-699.
Abstract:
With the experimental ways of locating observation of the microclimate out of the different forest, based on the observation data of Dagangshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station from 2001 to 2002, this paper applies solar radiation, sunlight hours, air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, rainfall, evaporation, wind speed, wind direction etc. to analyze the meteorological factors in and out of the forest of the station. The results show:(1)the characteristic of ground is the key factor, which influences on the meteorological change; the variation of temperature and humidity is little and approximates static breeze status in the forest; the temperature of barren land, the daily variation of humidity and the annual variation of humidity are higher; evaporation increases; average wind speed increases. (2)different forest types and coverage affect on the meteorological factors deeply.
With the experimental ways of locating observation of the microclimate out of the different forest, based on the observation data of Dagangshan Forest Ecosystem Research Station from 2001 to 2002, this paper applies solar radiation, sunlight hours, air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, rainfall, evaporation, wind speed, wind direction etc. to analyze the meteorological factors in and out of the forest of the station. The results show:(1)the characteristic of ground is the key factor, which influences on the meteorological change; the variation of temperature and humidity is little and approximates static breeze status in the forest; the temperature of barren land, the daily variation of humidity and the annual variation of humidity are higher; evaporation increases; average wind speed increases. (2)different forest types and coverage affect on the meteorological factors deeply.
2002, 15(6): 700-705.
Abstract:
Comprehensive evaluation of soil chemical and biochemical fertility under different vegetations (broadleaved forest, mixture of broad leaved and coniferous trees, Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata) were conducted using fuzzy mathematics and multiple statistics principle. It is found that the integrated chemical and biochemical fertility ranged as following order: broadleaved mixture Pinus massoniana Cunninghamia lanceolata (integrated fertility index for 0-,20 cm horizon were 0.741 2, 0.579 6, 0.479 8 and 0.347 6 respectively).The result of integrated fertility evaluation is consistent with single factor of fertility evaluation, but it is more convincible.
Comprehensive evaluation of soil chemical and biochemical fertility under different vegetations (broadleaved forest, mixture of broad leaved and coniferous trees, Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata) were conducted using fuzzy mathematics and multiple statistics principle. It is found that the integrated chemical and biochemical fertility ranged as following order: broadleaved mixture Pinus massoniana Cunninghamia lanceolata (integrated fertility index for 0-,20 cm horizon were 0.741 2, 0.579 6, 0.479 8 and 0.347 6 respectively).The result of integrated fertility evaluation is consistent with single factor of fertility evaluation, but it is more convincible.
2002, 15(6): 706-711.
Abstract:
Aimed at drafting the germplasm resources conservation strategy of Yunnan forest tree species, some suggestions are made on the basis of the characteristics of the physiography and the flora of forest tree species in Yunnan. They are:(1) The researches are made on the 3 conservation methods of germplasm resources and the sampling strategy based on molecular markers; (2) Conservation in situ and ex situ related to the climatic zones and regions must be carried out with particular emphasis, and 9 centers of conservation ex situ are set up by stages; (3) Forests of conservation ex situ can be planted in the areas of major forestry projects, and some excellent germplasms chosen for the projects; (4) A special conversation bank in low temperature is built for forest tree species under the project of Chinese-Biovalley.
Aimed at drafting the germplasm resources conservation strategy of Yunnan forest tree species, some suggestions are made on the basis of the characteristics of the physiography and the flora of forest tree species in Yunnan. They are:(1) The researches are made on the 3 conservation methods of germplasm resources and the sampling strategy based on molecular markers; (2) Conservation in situ and ex situ related to the climatic zones and regions must be carried out with particular emphasis, and 9 centers of conservation ex situ are set up by stages; (3) Forests of conservation ex situ can be planted in the areas of major forestry projects, and some excellent germplasms chosen for the projects; (4) A special conversation bank in low temperature is built for forest tree species under the project of Chinese-Biovalley.
2002, 15(6): 712-718.
Abstract:
The research and development of various bamboo/wood composite materials in China and some other countries are reviewed, and especially the industrialization situation of bamboo/wood composite materials in China is introduced. It also expatiates Chinese resource superiority of bamboo and plantation, and expounds advantages of developing bamboo/wood composite materials. The trends and problems of research and production on bamboo/wood composite materials are pointed out.
The research and development of various bamboo/wood composite materials in China and some other countries are reviewed, and especially the industrialization situation of bamboo/wood composite materials in China is introduced. It also expatiates Chinese resource superiority of bamboo and plantation, and expounds advantages of developing bamboo/wood composite materials. The trends and problems of research and production on bamboo/wood composite materials are pointed out.
2002, 15(6): 719-726.
Abstract:
The research results for nearly 30 years to cochineal, including taxonomy, biology, ecology, utilization history and rearing methods, are reviewed in this article. There are altogether nine species of cochineal in the world, in which Dactylopius coccus Costa has economic importance. The developmental starting temperature of cochineal is 16.7 ℃, while at nearly 30 ℃ the development is the fastest, and the ideal temperature for cultivating cochineal is 26-30 ℃. Rainfall is the main effect that influences cultivation of cochineal. Carmine produced from cochineal has been used widely in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutics industry. The host plant of cochineal, cactus pear, also has many utilizations. Peru and Canary Islands are the main countries that produce cochineal, now, cutting cladodes are used for cochineal production in sheds. At the same time, the prospects is also proposed in this article.
The research results for nearly 30 years to cochineal, including taxonomy, biology, ecology, utilization history and rearing methods, are reviewed in this article. There are altogether nine species of cochineal in the world, in which Dactylopius coccus Costa has economic importance. The developmental starting temperature of cochineal is 16.7 ℃, while at nearly 30 ℃ the development is the fastest, and the ideal temperature for cultivating cochineal is 26-30 ℃. Rainfall is the main effect that influences cultivation of cochineal. Carmine produced from cochineal has been used widely in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutics industry. The host plant of cochineal, cactus pear, also has many utilizations. Peru and Canary Islands are the main countries that produce cochineal, now, cutting cladodes are used for cochineal production in sheds. At the same time, the prospects is also proposed in this article.
2002, 15(6): 727-733.
Abstract:
Research on understorey of plantation in recent 20 years are reviewed. As one of the important ingredients in forest ecosystem, understorey takes important role in the plantation system that with simple structure, which interested the forest researcher at home and abroad. Those research focus on the understorey succession, the relationship between dominant species and understorey, the effect of understorey. Without disturbance, the succession sequence is: growth decay growth. The biomass, quantity, height and cover degree changes under different category and intensity disturbance. The relationship between understorey and dominant species appears in two aspects: they are cooperation and competition. The relevancy and complementarity of these three sections in understorey, improvement of biodiversity, and its hydrological function should be emphasized, at the same time, criterion system of evaluation of understorey function should be established.
Research on understorey of plantation in recent 20 years are reviewed. As one of the important ingredients in forest ecosystem, understorey takes important role in the plantation system that with simple structure, which interested the forest researcher at home and abroad. Those research focus on the understorey succession, the relationship between dominant species and understorey, the effect of understorey. Without disturbance, the succession sequence is: growth decay growth. The biomass, quantity, height and cover degree changes under different category and intensity disturbance. The relationship between understorey and dominant species appears in two aspects: they are cooperation and competition. The relevancy and complementarity of these three sections in understorey, improvement of biodiversity, and its hydrological function should be emphasized, at the same time, criterion system of evaluation of understorey function should be established.
2002, 15(6): 734-740.
Abstract:
Phosphorus is rich in the soil but its available P scarce. It is very important to develop special tree genotypes to exploit the phosphorus in the soil efficiently. This paper reviewed the research on nutrition genetics and its genetic improvement of forest tree, including genotype differences of exploiting soil phosphorus, mechanism of adaptation to low phosphorus stress, genetic control of phosphorus efficiency, screen and selection of germplasm for low phosphorus tolerance. In view of the current resource and environment problem, the authors suggest that phosphorus efficiency should be considered as an important breeding objective. It is necessary to conduct genetic improvement of nutrition utilization efficiency (NUE) of main forest trees to realize the sustainable development of plantation with low supply and high output.
Phosphorus is rich in the soil but its available P scarce. It is very important to develop special tree genotypes to exploit the phosphorus in the soil efficiently. This paper reviewed the research on nutrition genetics and its genetic improvement of forest tree, including genotype differences of exploiting soil phosphorus, mechanism of adaptation to low phosphorus stress, genetic control of phosphorus efficiency, screen and selection of germplasm for low phosphorus tolerance. In view of the current resource and environment problem, the authors suggest that phosphorus efficiency should be considered as an important breeding objective. It is necessary to conduct genetic improvement of nutrition utilization efficiency (NUE) of main forest trees to realize the sustainable development of plantation with low supply and high output.
2002, 15(6): 741-745.
Abstract:
The natural forest of Pinus latteri in the Bawangling Forestry Area of Hainan Province, which is absolutely dominated by Pinus latteri, is a rare and typical multi storied, mixed and uneven aged forest, and is a precious tropical coniferous vegetation type. The tree stratum of the Pinus latteri forest can be divided obviously into 3 sub strata. The richness of tree species, Shannon Wiener index of tree species, evenness of tree species and average growing stock of the natural Pinus latteri forest are 20-1.65-0.38 and 372.5 m3·hm-2, respectively. The population of Pinus latteri is a kind of stable population.
The natural forest of Pinus latteri in the Bawangling Forestry Area of Hainan Province, which is absolutely dominated by Pinus latteri, is a rare and typical multi storied, mixed and uneven aged forest, and is a precious tropical coniferous vegetation type. The tree stratum of the Pinus latteri forest can be divided obviously into 3 sub strata. The richness of tree species, Shannon Wiener index of tree species, evenness of tree species and average growing stock of the natural Pinus latteri forest are 20-1.65-0.38 and 372.5 m3·hm-2, respectively. The population of Pinus latteri is a kind of stable population.
2002, 15(6): 746-750.
Abstract:
The single chromosome of Cunninghamia lanceolata was successfully dissected by "glass needles" under the micromanipulator in this research. The dissected Cunninghamia lanceolata chromosomes were digested by proteinase K in Eppendorf respectively. After degenerate olionucleotide primed PCR amplification (DOP PCR), DNA fragments were acquired. The suitable method of making chromosome specimens for the microdissection and PCR amplification has been discussed.
The single chromosome of Cunninghamia lanceolata was successfully dissected by "glass needles" under the micromanipulator in this research. The dissected Cunninghamia lanceolata chromosomes were digested by proteinase K in Eppendorf respectively. After degenerate olionucleotide primed PCR amplification (DOP PCR), DNA fragments were acquired. The suitable method of making chromosome specimens for the microdissection and PCR amplification has been discussed.
2002, 15(6): 751-755.
Abstract:
Growth data of 3 year old from introducted 5 species and 23 provenances among Casuarinaceae in Guangdong was analyzed. The result showed significant growth distinction between species, provenances in a species. Interaction between sites and species was significant. Evaluated with survival percent and I value based on height, ground diameter(or breast diameter) and crown width, there were relative adaptability for 5 species. The species included Casuarina cunninghamiana ssp. cunninghamiana and C. collina, and the provenances included CK, 13521, 15574, 13516, 15004, 13520, 15002 and 15941 were founded to be fast growing, better survival percent as well. The CK of Fujian, China was the best. So both introduction and using domestic provenances were needed
Growth data of 3 year old from introducted 5 species and 23 provenances among Casuarinaceae in Guangdong was analyzed. The result showed significant growth distinction between species, provenances in a species. Interaction between sites and species was significant. Evaluated with survival percent and I value based on height, ground diameter(or breast diameter) and crown width, there were relative adaptability for 5 species. The species included Casuarina cunninghamiana ssp. cunninghamiana and C. collina, and the provenances included CK, 13521, 15574, 13516, 15004, 13520, 15002 and 15941 were founded to be fast growing, better survival percent as well. The CK of Fujian, China was the best. So both introduction and using domestic provenances were needed
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