• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2014 Vol. 27, No. 6

Display Method:
Genetic Analysis of Resin-producing Capability, Growth and Wood Basic Density on Progeny of Nested Mating Design of Pinus massoniana
LIU Qing-hua, JIN Guo-qing, WANG Hui, SHAO Ji-qing, YU Jia-zhong, ZHOU Zhi-chun
2014, 27(6): 715-720.
Abstract:
The male and female parents effects, additive effect and dominant effect of growth, wood basic density and resin-producing capability were investigated in a progeny test forestry of 15 years old Pinus massoniana with nested mating design located at Chun'an County of Zhejiang Province. The results showed that there existed significant differences in growth and wood basic density among the crossing combinations, male and female/male parents. Female parent effect was 1.29 to 2.19 times larger than male parents for all traits tested. The DBH, wood basic density and resin-producing capability were controlled by additive and dominant effect simultaneously, but additive effect was slightly larger than dominant effect. Height and individual volume were controlled by additive effect primarily and additive effects were 2.7 times and 3.4 times larger than the dominant effect. The results of estimating broad-sense heritabilities for growth and resin-producing capability showed that they were under moderate genetic control and the heritabilities ranged from 0.48 to 0.69. The heritability for wood basic density was lower than the other traits. The DBH, height and individual volume were significantly correlated genetically with resin yield and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.475 5 to 0.553 2, suggesting growth and resin-producing capability could be genetic improved simultaneously. Fourteen superior crossing combinations and fourteen superior individuals were selected based on resin yield and the resin yield was 43.31% to 93.01% and 125.47% to 252.64% higher than the control, respectively.
Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Populus deltoides and Their F1 Hybrid Clones
GAO Ming, DING Chang-jun, SU Xiao-hua, HUANG Qin-jun
2014, 27(6): 721-728.
Abstract:
In order to observe the divergence and relationship between photosynthetic rate, stomatal characteristics and RuBPCase activity among Populus deltoides Bartr. parents and their F1 hybrids and interpret biological mechanism of different growth vigor of P. deltoides, leaf area, gas exchange, stomatal characteristics and RuBPCase activity of intraspecific F1 hybrids and parents of P. deltoides were measured. The results showed that compared with parents and lower-parents F1 hybrids, the better-parent F1 hybrids possessed the largest photosynthetic area (including single leaf area and leaf area per plant), the highest photosynthetic productivity (the average of H1 and H2 was 46.22% higher than maternal parent and 66.37% higher than paternal parent), chlorophyll content (the average of H1 and H2 was 280.09% higher than maternal parent and 452.29% higher than paternal parent), RuBPcase activity (the average of H1 and H2 was 20.79% higher than maternal parent and 58.56% higher than paternal parent), the ratio of stomatal number of upper epidermis and lower epidermis and stomatal frequency as well as light saturation point (the average of H1 and H2 was 2189.33 μmol·m-2·s-1). Meanwhile, light compensation point, apparent quantum yield, dark respiration rate of better-parent F1 hybrids were lower than those of parents and lower-parent F1 hybrids. These characteristics of better-parents F1 hybrids might contribute to broaden light intensity adaptability, accelerate rate of energy absorption conversion and carbon fixation, enhance the ability of dry matter accumulation and organ morphogenesis and improve the growth rate. The leaf area per plant, photosynthetic productivity and chlorophyll content could be used as indicators for evaluating the growth. The results of principal component analysis showed that the first principal components of P. deltoides' photosynthetic index were photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, RuBPCase activity, single leaf area, leaf area per plant and photosynthetic productivity, while the second principal component were the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, stomata length and ratio of stomatal number of upper epidermis to lower epidermis, respectively.
Design and Implementation of Sympodial Branching Tree Visualization System
BAI Jing, ZHANG Huai-qing, LIU Min
2014, 27(6): 729-733.
Abstract:
Taking Sophora japonica as an example, a visualization system of sympodial branching trees was developed. The morphological parameters needed and the corresponding relation with IFS factor on request of visual simulation were studied. According to the measured morphological parameters and Logistic growth model, the three-dimensional model of S. japonica was constructed based on IFS algorithm. With DirectX9.0 as three-dimensional visualization platform and C as programming language, the development of sympodial branching trees visualization system which adopting the idea of object-oriented programming was completed. The system could set the morphological parameters of sympodial branching trees and Logistic growth model output. The model which could well simulate the static and dynamic three-dimensional visualization of sympodial branching trees was established.
Quantitative Analysis of Forest Spatial Structure and Optimal Species Composition for the Main Forest Types in Daxing'anling, Northeast China
DONG Ling-bo, LIU Zhao-gang, LI Feng-ri, JIANG Lei
2014, 27(6): 734-740.
Abstract:
Forest health management is one of the research hotspots at the present stage, and the key is to maintain and create the optimal forest spatial structure. The forest spatial structure (FSS) and optimal species composition were studied with the commonly-used forest spatial structure parameters (i.e. mingling, neighborhood comparison, neighborhood pattern, forest spatial structure index (FSSI), and forest spatial structure distance (FSSD)) based on the data of 44 plots in Daxing'anling Mountains of northeast China, which were collected in the 2011 and 2012. The results showed that the horizontal distribution pattern of natural Larix gmelini (LG), coniferous mixed (CM) and coniferous-broadleaved mixed (CBM) stands mainly followed the random distribution, and the Betula platyphylla (BP) natural forest followed the typical cluster distribution. The tree growth of the four forest types were moderate as a whole,in which L. gmelini was at the dominant position and the others species were squeezed with different degrees. And the mixed degree of L. gmelini was reduced with the increase of its dominance, the other species had a higher mixed degree of species. As a whole, the mixed degree of species for LG and BP forest were relative lower (0.20 and 0.07), but the two mixed forest types were higher (0.45 and 0.56). Significant difference of FSS was found among the four main forest types in study area, the order was CBM>CM>LG>BP. From the viewpoint of maintaining and creating the optimal forest spatial structure, it was found that the proportion of L. gmelini accounted for 80% of the whole forest was the optimal species composition for the LG forest.
Analysis of Genomic DNA Methylation Modification of Walnut by Methylation-sensitive Amplification Polymorphism
ZHOU Bei-bei, WEN Ming, MA Qing-guo, PEI Dong
2014, 27(6): 741-744.
Abstract:
Taking the mature leaves of the walnut variety ‘Zhongningqiang’ to analyze the level and patterns of DNA methylation modification loci on the whole genome of walnut by modified MSAP (methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism). By using 20 pairs of MSAP selective primers, a total of 1 060 legible and repeatable amplified DNA bands was detected, and 53 bands were observed after amplification with each primer pair in average. Of which, 241 bands at ‘CCGG/GGCC’ loci, detected among all the amplified loci, were DNA methylated loci, with 22.73% of methylated modification in genome of walnut. Ten methylated DNA sequences were isolated and sequenced by extraction of the methylated loci. The results of BLASTn comparison showed that the DNA methylated modification phenomenon existed in multiple types of DNA sequence. This research, on methylation loci of genomic-wide DNA in walnut, could provide references for the subsequent epigenetics research of walnut, as well as MSAP analysis of other woody plants.
Soil Water Redistribution Pattern of Caragana intermedia Hedgerow System in Semi-arid Area
DANG Han-jin, DANG Hong-zhong, WANG Yu-kui, ZHOU Ze-fu
2014, 27(6): 745-751.
Abstract:
The soil moisture contents at four locations (inter-band, front-band, inner-band and behind-band) of Caragana intermedia hedgerow system which was located in the hilly area of Loess Plateau were measured for 2 years. The results indicated that there were obvious differences in soil water physical properties among locations. The soil bulk density(0.99 g·cm-3), non-capillary porosity(8.77%) and capillary moisture capacity(58.89 %) of inner-band were better than the other parts of the system with looser soil and higher soil water permeability and water retention. The soil of front-band was stickier than that of the others. The soil moisture content of each position decreased by the order 0-20 cm (25.51%±2.28%) > 40-60 cm (12.96%±1.34%) > 60-80 cm (10.03%±0.59%) > 80-100 cm (9.16%±0.81%) > 100-120 cm (8.76%±1.00%) with depths, for the surface layer, the soil moisture contents of the front-band and inner-band were higher than that of the others. The profile of soil moisture of hedgerow system were divided into three layers based on the orderly cluster analysis of soil moisture, namely, weak moisture utilizing layer, moisture utilizing layer, and moisture regulating layer. The depth of moisture utilizing layer of inner-band soil (20-120 cm) was greater than that of front-band, behind-band (20-60 cm) and inter-band (40-60 cm), similarly, the moisture regulating layer of inner-band soil (below 120 cm) was deeper than that of inter-band (below 80 cm), front-band (below 60 cm) and behind-band (below 60 cm), too, which reflected the effects of runoff intercepting, enriching soil moisture to the inner-band, high infiltration and reservoir of hedgerow system.
Physiological Response of Vernicia fordi and V. montana upon Inoculation with Fusarium oxysporum
YANG Su-su, GAO Ming, ZHU Hui-ping, LIU Ying-guan, WANG Yang-dong, CHEN Yi-cun
2014, 27(6): 752-757.
Abstract:
Tung wilt is a devastating disease for tung tree, which is regarded as the tung plague. Vernicia fordii and V. montana are two Chinese native tung species. V. fordii is susceptible to tung wilt disease while V. montana is resistant. To explore the difference of the two species responding to the pathogen, the research focused on the isolation and identification of the pathogen, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the two species after inoculation with the pathogen were measured. It turned out that the tung wilt pathogen was Fusarium oxysporum. The infection experiment revealed that the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in V. montana were higher than that of V. fordii after inoculation with F. oxysporum. in V. montana, the activities of SOD and POD increased at first and then decreased, the activity of CAT increased at first and maintained at a high level, the MDA content had no significant change. In V. fordii, both SOD activity and MDA content went up at the beginning and then down, the POD activity reduced at first and then increased, the CAT activity decreased at first and then rose and decreased at last. In conclusion, the resistant V. montana owned higher level activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and showed more increasing upon infection with the pathogen F. oxysporum than that of susceptible V. fordii.
Exploring Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway Genes Based on Transcriptome of Ephedra intermedia Germinating Seeds
DENG Nan, SHI Sheng-qing, CHANG Er-mei, LIU Jian-feng, LAN Qian, JIANG Ze-ping
2014, 27(6): 758-763.
Abstract:
The application of a new generation high-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina solexa) to global transcriptome of different stages of germinated Ephedra intermedia Schrenk ex Mey seeds showed that 52 007 unigenes were acquired, and the total length was 25 043 596 bp after de novo assembly; among them, 64 751 annotations were from GO, 17 701 from COG and 16 942 from KEGG after functional annotation against these databases; from KEGG pathway, 283 unigenes were associated with flavonoids biosynthetic pathway which contained chalcone synthase, cytochrome, anthocyanidin reductase, etc. The result could provide some references for the study of molecular systematic evolution, utilization of resistance and medicine related genes, and its genetic improvement in the future.
A Study on Two Galling Chalcid Wasps and Their Galls in Phyllostachys praecox Forest
GENG Xian-sheng, SHU Jin-ping, WANG Hao-jie
2014, 27(6): 764-768.
Abstract:
Phyllostachys praecox gall and the incidence of gall-maker and gall types on bamboo were investigated in Deqing County of Zhejiang Province. Different types of gall were dissected and the incidence of adult emergence was counted in the laboratory. The results showed that: (1) The effect of forest management techniques to the current generation (2013) gall induction rata in galling insects was significant, and the gall induction rate of sample plot with coverage of rice chaff was significantly lower than that of uncover sample plot. (2) A total 349 galls were collected from a bamboo, including 291current generation galls and 58 previous generation galls. The galls were separated into five categories in terms of gall phenotypes, i.e., tandem gall, leaf coated gall, leaf sheath gall, bare gall and apical growth gall. These five types of gall accounts for 40.12%, 30.95%, 19.77%, 6.01% and 3.15% in a bamboo, respectively. (3) One gall had maximum of 6 larvae, while the mean larvae amounts per gall of tandem gall, leaf coated gall, leaf sheath gall, bare gall and apical growth gall were only 1.83, 2.88, 2.77, 1.00 and 2.27, respectively. (4) 301 chalcid wasps belonging to 5 species emerged from tandem gall, leaf coated gall and leaf sheath gall, including two gall-maker chalcid wasps (Tetramesa bambusae and T. phyllostrachitis) and three parasitoid species (Eupelmus urozonus, Ormyrus punctiger and Homoporus japomicus). The ratio of T. bambusae, T. phyllostrachitis and parasitoid in three types gall were 59:18:1, 70:31:2 and 83:31:6. This study provides the basis for in-depth understanding of P. praecox gall, and emphasizes the theoretically based argument for pest control and production practice.
Distribution Pattern of Female Flowers in Crown and Less Catkins Clones Selection of Aigeiros
WU Li-shuan, HU Jian-jun, SU Xue-hui, LI Xi-lin, ZHao Zi-cheng
2014, 27(6): 769-775.
Abstract:
To determine the factors influencing the spatial distribution of poplar catkins, and to screen poplar clones for fewer catkins, 10 quantitative traits related to the quantity of poplar catkins, seed yields and growth increments were measured on 29 female plant clones in the F2 generation of an intraspecific cross of Populus deltoides. The results indicated that the poplar catkins were mainly distributed in tree crowns, with the amount of flowering branches, infructescences, poplar catkins and seed yields being the highest in the middle layer of the crown, the lowest in the lowest layer and intermediate in the highest layer of the crown. The quantity of poplar catkins produced by an individual plant was significantly positively correlated with the mean crown range, and the amount of flowering branchs of individual plant,additionally, was significantly positive correlation with the diameter at breast height (DBH), the length of catkin concentration, the seed amount of each infructescence, the infructescence amount of each plant, and the seed amount of each plant,but was not correlated with tree height and height under branches. These traits varied significantly among hybrid progeny showing high repeatability, indicating that the trait variation was controlled by genetic factors. Three principal components, representing the quantity of catkins, the catkin concentration, the seed yields of each infructescence and other related indicators, were extracted from the 8 correlation characters investigated, and in combination represented 75.487% of total information for the 8 characters. Based on ranking of principal component scores and related traits, all the traits were comprehensively evaluated and 92 121 and 260 three clones with fewer catkins were obtained.
Investigation of Wood Species Prone to Forming Zone Lines
HE Hai-shan, QIU Jian, GUO Meng-lin, GAN Chang-tao, PAN Zhi-hong
2014, 27(6): 776-780.
Abstract:
Spalting is the coloration on wood produced by fungi, of which, zone lines forming intricate patterns are ornamental. Researches indicate that fungal zone lines are preferentially formed in certain wood species to others. For the purpose of artificially producing spalted wood with zone lines, a survey was launched in the wood specimen of Southwest Forestry University and in the wild. Results show that zone lines rarely occurred in softwoods and often occurred in hardwoods belonging to Jualandaceae, Aceraceae, Corylaceae, Betulaceae, Sterculiaceae, Lauraceae, etc., but was not detected in Dipterocarpaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Myrtaceae, etc., The wood species prone to forming zone lines inclnde Acer mono Maxim, Alnus nepalensis D. Don., Albizzia julibrissin Durazz., Michelia alba DC., Ficus virens Ait., Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.)Iljinsk., Phoebe neurantha (Hemsl.)Gamble, Populus davidiana Dode, etc.
Improved Methods to Increase Gall Density and Scatter Gall Distribution for the Horned Gall Aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
YANG Zi-xiang, MA Lin, CHEN Xiao-ming, LI Yang
2014, 27(6): 781-785.
Abstract:
The Chinese horned gall aphid, Schlectendalia chinensis, is a major species of Chinese gallnut aphids. It produces horned galls that are economically important because of their medical and chemical properties, chiefly tannic acid. S. chinensis has six forms in its life cycle. Only one of these six forms, the fundatrix, is feeding on leaves and triggering the formation of a gall on its host tree, Rhus chinensis. The authors developed three different approaches in order to maximize the gall formation on R. chinensis by a combination of moving the winter host moss in close vicinity of the Rhus tree and/or hanging bags containing populations of aphids to the tree trunk. The results showed that the gall number per tree was about 10-fold higher than that of the controls in conditions where two bags containing aphid population of different age were provided to the tree trunk. Further, it was found that the number of leaves forming a gall increased up to 5-fold per tree and similarly, the authors measured a 4-fold increase in the percentage branches that harbor galls. Detailed analysis of how galls are distributed demonstrated that while controls formed galls on the first seven compound leaves, optimized conditions extend the production of galls to the first eleven compound leaves. Finally, the gall number per leaf also increased by various approaches. For instance, the percentage of leaves forming just one gall reduced by half compared to the controls, while the leaves containing 4 or more galls increased from 5% to >30% when providing two bags containing aphid population of different age.
Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Enzyme Activity Assay of Thymidylate Kinase of the Paulownia Witches'-broom Phytoplasma
SONG Chuan-sheng, HU Jia-xu, LIN Cai-li, REN Zheng-guang, GENG Xian-sheng, TIAN Guo-zhong
2014, 27(6): 786-793.
Abstract:
Thymidylate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of dTMP to form dTDP in both the de novo and salvage pathways of dTTP synthesis, and it is crucial for DNA replication and life survival. In previous study, the tmk-a-1, tmk-a-2 and tmk-b genes of Paulownia witches'-broom Pingshan strain (PaWBPS) were obtained. On the basis of previous study, the amino acid sequence alignment and similarity analysis were conducted among PaWBPS TMK-a-1, PaWBPS TMK-a-2, PaWBPS TMK-b, onion yellow wild-type line (OY-W) TMK-a, OY-W TMK-b, white blue dwarf (WBD) TMK-a and WBD TMK-b. The amino acid sequence similarity value was 96.65% between PaWBPS TMK-b and WBD TMK-2, 99.03% between PaWBPS TMK-b and OY-W TMK-b, 90.57% between PaWBPS TMK-a-1 and PaWBPS TMK-a-2, ranged from 87.32% to 99.26% among PaWBPS TMK-a-1, PaWBPS TMK-a-2, WBD TMK-1 and OY-W TMK-a, and from 22.22% to 25.95% among TMK-a and TMK-b of PaWBPS, OY-W and WBD phytoplasma. The pET28a system was used to generate a polyhistidine (polyHis)-tagged TMK fusion protein. The polyHis-tagged TMKs were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cell and purified under native conditions by Ni-NTA chelating column. Then, the TMK activity was measured using enzyme-coupled assay. Results suggested that the TMK-b had thymidylate kinase activity (85.96±0.74 U·mg-1) and the TMK-a-1 and TMK-a-2 had hardly any activity.
Effect of Substrate Ratio and Slow-release Fertilizer Dose on the Growth of Containerized Cyclobalanopsis gilva Seedlings
WU Xiao-lin, ZHANG Dong-bei, CHU Xiu-li, WANG Xiu-hua, ZHOU Zhi-chun
2014, 27(6): 794-800.
Abstract:
In factorial experiment design, one-year-old non woven fabric containerized Cyclobalanopsis gilva seedlings cultivated with light substrate were used to study the effect of different substrate ratios and varied doses of slow-release fertilizer on the growth and root trait development, It is aimed to select the optimum scheme about substrate ratio and fertilizer doses for the seedlings. The results showed that the growth traits of the containerized seedlings took an obvious effect on the substrate ratio and slow-release fertilizer doses, while the effect of fertilizer on root growth was not enough to be noticed. The ground diameter, biomass and root index showed a significantly increase at first and then decreased along with the increase of peat proportion in the matrix. When the proportion of peat reached 60%, the ground diameter, biomass and root characteristics reached the maximum. At the same time, the seedling's height, biomass and root volume increased at first, and then decreased with the increasing slow-release fertilizer doses. As soon as applying slow-release fertilizer at doses of 2.5 kg·m-3, the corresponding parameters value reached to the largest and significantly greater than that of other doses of slow-release fertilizer. However, the effect of slow-release fertilizer on the root morphology indexes such as root length, root surface area and average diameter was not obvious. There was no significant difference in the root traits among different doses of slow-release fertilizers. Based on two factors' effect of matrix ratio and slow-release fertilizer doses and their interaction effects, the optimum cultivation scheme and other four alternative programs for one-year-old containerized C. gilva seedlings were selected by fuzzy mathematics method. The optimal scheme for the seedlings is that volume ratio of peat to bran in substrate is 6: 4 and with 2.5 kg slow-release fertilizer (Apex) per cubic metre matrix.
Effects of Planting Density and Site Quality on Stand Volume of Chinese Fir Plantation
XIANG Cong-wei, ZHANG Jian-guo, DUAN Ai-guo, ZHANG Xiong-qing
2014, 27(6): 801-808.
Abstract:
In this study, 3-parameter Weibull growth equation was used for modeling the mean annual increment (MAI), including mean annual gross increment (MAIgross) and mean annual net increment (MAInet), of 26-year-old Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) experiment plantation. The relationship between the maximum value of MAI and the site index and planting density, and the relationship between the culmination age of MAI and these two factors were analyzed by the method of partial correlation and stepwise linear regression. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The MAInet was effected by site quality, there was a significan positive linear correlation between these two stand factors, the mean MAInet value was 8.33 m3·hm-2·a-1 bigger in stands with site index of 22 m than that with site index of 12 m. Vgross compose of Vnet and ∑Vm, which were effected by site quality and planting density, and MAIgross increased with the site index and planting density (r=0.813 5, p=0.000 4;r=0.926 1, p=0.000 0, respectively). (2) Because of the competition among trees and nutrition limitation after crown closed, there was a significan negative correlation between MAInet and planting density (r= -0.666 9, p=0.009 2), the planting density was the reason slowing the tree's growth. The MAInet of the plots with density of 1 mࡧ m was 3.88 years smaller than that with the density of 2 mࡩ m. However, there was no significant difference in MAInet among the stands with medium planting density.
Contribution of Fine Root Production and Turnover to Soil Organic Carbon in Tamarix ramosissima Community in Sangong River Basin of Xinjiang, China
WANG Jian-jian, ZHAO Xue-chun, LAI Li-ming, ZHU Lin-hai, WANG Yong-ji, ZHOU Ji-hua, JIANG Lian-he, MA Yuan-jian, ZHAO Chun-qiang, ZHENG Yuan-run
2014, 27(6): 809-814.
Abstract:
The fine root production and turnover are important parts of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle, but few researches were conducted on fine root turnover and its contribution to soil carbon cycling of Tamarix ramosissima Lour. community in arid ecosystem. In this research, a typical native T. ramosissima community was selected, and the continuous soil drilling method and fine root bag method were used to investigate the monthly fine root dynamic, production and fine root turnover from May to October, 2010 (the whole growing season). The results showed that the soil water content increased with the depth of soil, while the soil organic carbon decreased. The mean fine root biomass in the community was 93.10 g·m-2 and the live fine root biomass and dead fine root biomass were 73% and 27% of total fine root biomass in the community, respectively. The dynamics of biomass and necromass of fine root in the T. ramosissima community showed the same pattern in the growing season, the biomass slightly increased from May to September, and then decreased. The fine root biomass in the community increased at first, and then reduced gradually with the increase of soil depth. The fine root biomass in 0-40 cm soil layer was the largest parts, with 88.01% of total fine root biomass for the community. The fine root decomposition rate showed a sharp decline to the minimum then declined steadily for the community, and the annual fine root decomposition rate was 51.24% for the community. 351 days and 1 359 days were needed to reach half decomposition and 95% decomposition for the community. The net productivity of fine root in the community was 118.81 g·m-2, the fine root annual turnover rate was 1.98 times·a-1, and the annual input from fine root mortality to underground soil organic carbon was 42.68 g·m-2·a-1. These results showed that the annual input from fine root turnover to underground soil organic carbon counted for only a small portion of the soil organic carbon, however, in a long time, the fine root carbon is a crucial for soil carbon pool in arid area.
Approach for Forest Height Extraction Using Multi-baseline Interferometric Tomographic SAR
LI Wen-mei, CHEN Er-xue, LI Zeng-yuan
2014, 27(6): 815-821.
Abstract:
Applying P-band multibaseline InSAR data from BioSAR 2007 campaign in Raminstorp test site in Sweden by Multi-baseline Interferometric Tomographic SAR (MBInTomo SAR) technique to extract forest vertical structure information and estimate forest height from them, and validating the forest height with in situ data. The results showed that the values of R2 were 0.65, 0.55, 0.34, the values of RMSE were 2.35 m, 3.27 m, 5.13 m and the values of correlation coefficient (R) were 0.80, 0.74, 0.58 among the estimated forest heights using HH, HV and VV MBInTom SAR and Lidar H80, respectively. The conclusion is that the P-band multi-baseline InSAR data can be used for forest vertical structure information extraction and forest height estimation. And traditional forest scattering model and forest height estimation approach may not be suitable for P-band.
Influence of Karst Rocky Desertification on Soil Carbon Pool in Guizhou Karst valley region
GUO Hong-yan, CUI Ming, ZHOU Jin-xing, DAN Xin-qiu, DING Fangjun, LV Xiang-hai
2014, 27(6): 822-829.
Abstract:
The paper takes karst valley region as study area to assess the influence of rocky desertification management on soil carbon pool for the first time. We selected the Huajiang karst gorge in Guanling County of Guizhou Province as the sampled field, which is a typical rocky desertification region, soil organic and inorganic carbon content of the soil samples from non-rocky desertification land and rocky desertification land were tested respectively, and carbon densities were calculated. The results showed that: (1) the average soil carbon storage of non-rocky desertification land is higher than that of rocky desertification land, and the average carbon storage in soil profiles of rocky desertification land has less relation with the degree of rocky desertification than with vegetation type and soil depth; (2)the average carbon density decreases as the seriousness of rocky desertification increases, none>potential>slight>moderate>serious>significantly serious; (3)soil quality was improve by the Rocky Desertification Comprehensive Management Project in the past years, according to the areas of non-rocky desertification land and rocky desertification changed in Guanling County, the total soil carbon storage increased by 724 t per square kilometer, in which, the value of organic carbon increased 513600 yuan per square kilometer.
Properties Analysis of Lucilia sericata Larva Fat
YUAN Dong-qiang, HE Zhao, SUN Long, ZHAO Min, FENG Ying
2014, 27(6): 830-835.
Abstract:
The fatty composition and thermodynamic property of Lucilia sericata larva fat were studied. The fat was extracted by four methods: solvent extraction, ultrasonic wave-microwave assisted extraction, soxhlet extraction and enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction. The fatty acids composition and thermodynamic property of the fat were analyzed by GC-MS and DSC respectively. 15 kinds of fatty acid were detected in the fat by solvent extraction, and 17 kinds of fatty acid were detected by the other three methods. Among them, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid were the major compositions, accounted for about 89% of total fatty acid. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the contents of oleic acid, palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid were 248.47 mg·g-1, 243.51 mg·g-1, and 174.96 mg·g-1 respectively. Unsaturated fatty acid ratio was higher, accounts for about 65% of the fatty acid content and there were also a little amount of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and DHA. The thermodynamic characters of fats extracted by different methods were distinctive. The melting point and glass transition temperature were also distinctive. The results showed that the fat compositions of solvent extraction was the worst, the oil quality of ultrasonic wave-microwave assisted extraction was the best. The ultrasonic wave-microwave was the appropriate extraction method of the insect fat which has the value of development and utilization.
Quantitative Analysis of Forest Landscape Security Patterns at the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area
SUN Xiao-juan, XIAO Wen-fa, LIU Xiao-dong
2014, 27(6): 836-840.
Abstract:
Based on GIS platform and the historical data of national forest resources investigation and the located monitoring network system, the forest landscape security pattern at the Three-Gorge reservoir area was evaluated quantitatively by using the multiple level evaluation indicator system established by means of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The effects of forest landscape fragmentation degree, diversity, integrity and stability on the regional forest landscape security pattern were analyzed. The main purpose is to evaluate the probably damage on forest ecosystem and its components caused by the uncertain disasters and events. According to the results of integrated risk evaluation, Xingshan County showed the highest value, with the integrated risk evaluation value reached 11.553. The values of Shizhu County, Wulong County, Zigui County were all above 10, that of Badong County, Fengjie County and Yiling County were also relative high, while that of Chongqing and surrounding areas was 5.788, that means these areas have the lowest degree of landscape security, and necessary measures should be taken to maintain the regional sustainable development and ecological security.
Progress in Stand Spatial Structure Parameter: The Uniform Angle Index
WANG Hong-xiang, HU Yan-bo, ZHAO Zhong-hua, LI Yuan-fa
2014, 27(6): 841-847.
Abstract:
As one of the stand spatial structure parameters, the uniform angle index is a measure of tree spatial distribution patterns. It has the advantages of excellent testing capabilities, simple survey method and has been widely applied. Because of lack of understanding about the theoretical basis, there are lots of researches on the improper application of this parameter and therefore draw unreasonable conclusions. This article elaborates and summarizes the proposal of the concept of the uniform angle index, choice of number of neighbors, determination of the standard angle and threshold value of random distribution and so on, and then points out that the directions of the current study are the influence on analysis of the uniform angle index by the changes of structure unit size and how to test population distribution pattern using point sampling data.
Comparison of the Methods Estimating Forest Biomass Based on Stock Volume
YIN Hui-yan, LI Hai-kui
2014, 27(6): 848-853.
Abstract:
Based on national forest inventory data of Guangdong province, and selecting 176 sample plots dominated by Pinus massoniana, the biomass of the sample plots was estimated with different methods, which taking the keep sample stock volume as the independent variable and the sample plot biomass as the dependent variable. By comparing the calculation principle and process characteristics of these methods, the appropriate process was chosen to estimate the sample biomass. The results showed that the effect of continuous function for biomass expansion factor was poor, while that of the other methods was similar. For estimating the biomass of Pinus massoniana, the method of simultaneous equations with intercept was the best.
Morphological Diversity and Correlativity Analysis of Nut Traits of Amygdalus pedunculata
WANG Wei, CHU Jian-min, TANG Xiao-qian, LI Yi-fu, XU Xin-qiao
2014, 27(6): 854-859.
Abstract:
The diversity of nut traits in 8 wild populations and 2 cultivated populations of Amygdalus pedunculata was investigated to provide references for resource protection and utilization. The results indicated: (1) there were significant differences among and within populations. The morphological traits, such as nut length, nut weight, kernel ratio, had great morphological diversity with variation coefficient (CV). The range of nut weight varied from 0.18 to 0.81g with CV 26.19%. The range and CV of nut weight and kernel weight were the largest, and those of nut thickness and nut length/thickness were the smallest; (2) Correlation analysis revealed that nut width and nut length were positively correlated with the nut weight, with r=0.867 and 0.788 respectively. The kernel ratios in different ecotype were negatively regulated with thickness of shell, nut length and nut weight, with r=-0.455, -0.428 and -0.444, and positively correlated with nut thickness/width and kernel weight, with r=0.209 and 0.191; (3) The A. pedunculata genetic diversity reduced by artificial intervention, and high morphological variation was observed in nut phenotypic traits in the wild populations.
Transferability of S-RNase Genotype Identification Primers from Rosaceae to Kernel-apricot
LIU Meng-pei, WUYUN Tana, ZHU Gao-pu, ZHAO Han, DU Hong-yan
2014, 27(6): 860-865.
Abstract:
The transferability of 53 pairs of self-incompatible S-RNase genotype identification primers from Rosaceae to kernel-apricot was analyzed in order to provide theoretical reference for S-RNase genotype identification and cross breeding work of kernel-apricot. The results showed that only 12 out of 53 primers had good transferability in kernel-apricot which could be used in S-RNase genotype identification. There was a higher transferability in kernel-apricot of Prunoideae than Maloideae, but the highest was in Armeniaca.