Abstract: Studies have been made on the techniques for afforestation for six years in the extremely degenerative mountainous land of dry and hot area in Nanjian,Yunnan Province. The tentative results have been obtained. A few species of Eucalyptus and Acacia introduced from Australia,and Tephrosia cardida,Cajan cajanus,Pueraria wallichii etc. are suitable for growing in the area. Measures for regulating surface run-off such as level steps with level trenches,ponds,dams under the present economic and technical conditions can check 55% of the total surface run-off,and increase soil water content and raise the survival rate of these trees to 10%～20%. It is convenient for afforestation management. On the basis of the experiments,this set of afforestation techniques is effective for restoring vegetation in the extremely degenerative mountainous land of dry and hot valley area in Yunnan Province.