Abstract: The differentiation of flower bud and development of male gametophyte in Calycanthus chinensis have been studied. The flower bud differentiates in centropetally and multiserial archesporial cells are formed at the hypodermal position of anther. The microspore tetrads are arranged in tetrahedral pattern. In about 7～8 layer cells of the anther wall developed in dictyledonous type,multinucleate tapetum,which may divide transversally or obliguely,get to degenerate when the microspore mother cells undergo meiosis,and remain in a parietal position until these cells are absorbed completely by the pollen grains. So it belongs to secretory type. However,2 of middle layers are still remain. As the pollen grains are shed,they are at 2 cell stage.