金佛山银杏的调查研究
Studies on the Ginkgo at the Jinfoshan Mountain
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摘要: 从考查人类活动、生态环境,调查古老的银杏树、银杏林等方面论证金佛山是第三纪孑遗植物的避难所,保存了自然界残留的野生银杏原始类群。40年代初期,金佛山几乎由森林覆盖,生长5000多种植物,为野生银杏繁衍提供了优越条件。现在金佛山有树龄数百年至千年以上银杏古树300多株。这些树主干明显,树体高大,一般高20m,最高50m,最大单株冠幅占地0.13hm2;胸径1m以上的大树有70多株,2m以上的8株;树龄超过千年的有10株以上。2500年生的“银杏皇后”,此树50年代时围径11.6m.还有小片银杏天然林。野生银杏的类型多样,包含着丰富的种质基因。这些银杏生长地区的海拔最低是470m,最高1520m,以海拔800~1300m最多。建议对现有银杏林作为核心自然保护区严格保护,维护其原生状态;对散生大银杏古树,政府应设专人妥善保护。Abstract: Jinfoshan Mountain,the haven for the relics of the Tertiary Period,preserves natural primitive community of the wild ginkgo.It is a vast stretches of forest at the beginning of 1940s with over 5 000 plant species.The ground is covered with forest and provies favourable conditions for the reproduction of wild ginkgo.There are over 300 old ginkgoes at the Jinfoshan Mountain which are of hundreds to over one thousand years old.These trees have distinct trunk,high and large crown,generally 20 m high or so,the highest 50 m,the largest crown about 0.13 hm2.There are over 70 huge trees with diameter over 1 m,8 trees with diameter over 2 m.More than 10 trees are over 1 000 years old.There is also an old ginkgoGinkgo Empress which is 2 500 years old,with chest measurement 11.6 m in 1950s.There are still small tracks of natural ginkgo forest.The wild ginkgo has varied types and contains rich genes.These ginkgoes grow on the mountain at about 470~1 520 m above sea level,mostly 800~1 300 m.
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Key words:
- ginkgo
- / natural primitive community
- / Jinfoshan Mountain
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