Abstract: The species diversity of Phyllostachys praecox grove in Linan, Zhejiang Province were investigated. The species diversity index, richness index and the coefficient of community similarity were compared for different human disturbance. The results indicated that:(1)The community structure of Lei bamboo forest were simplified because of intensive disturbance. Meanwhile, the disturbance caused the disappearance of the shrub layer and the lower richness of the herb layer.(2)Both the species and the dominant species were distinctly different under different human disturbance and the coefficient of community similarity between plots was also low.(3)Shannon Wiener and Simpson diversity index and richness index decreased with the increase of human disturbance.(4)The influence of the disturbance for the lower site quality was more significant. In addition, the measures on how to protect the biodiversity and develop sustainable management of Lei bamboo forest were suggested.