Abstract: Effects of urban communication environment on the chlorophyll content of roadside tree leaves were compared with that of corresponding tree leaves growing in a less polluted environment - Jingyue National Forest Park by analyzing samples collected in both areas. Hyperspectral data of those samples were acquired by using ASD Field NVIR Spectroradi-ometer. The results of analysis showed that:(1) The urban environment could cause serious effects on the chlorophyll content of roadside tree leaves, and deciduous tree leaves responded to this effects intensively while for conifers tree leaves this was not the case. (2) Hyperspectral reflectance and its derivative had intimate relation with the chlorophyll content of sampled roadside tree leaves, and the relationship between chlorophyll content of tree leaves and hyperspectral reflectance and its derivatives varied with the wavelength, in blue and short part and near infrared region of spectrum there was a strong correlation between chlorophyll and reflectance and derivatives, the correlation coefficient was above 0. 83 during 740 - 760 nm. (3) PSSR(the pigment specific simple ratio) index had an intimate relation with chlorophyll content, and a power re-gression model was established with the determination coefficient around 0. 80, which showed that it could be used to detect roadside tree leave chlorophyll content change caused by urban communication environment.