Abstract: M ang lietia yuyuanensis p rovenance trails including twelve seed sources from p rimary natural distribution zone, located at Chun’an of Zhejiang and J ian’ou of Fujian, were used to study p rovenance variation forseedling characteristics such as seedling growth, seedling shoot elongation parameters, leaf morphology, rootcharacter and dry matter accumulation. The results indicated that there existed significant differences amongp rovenances for seedling traits including seedling growth, leaf morphology, dry matter accumulation, tap rootlength and root range. Owing to the relative poor lateral roots ofM ang lietia yuyuanensis, p rovenance variationof first2class lateral root amount and the longest lateral root length could not reach significant level in statistics,but the biggest value was 2. 8 times that of the smallest one. Provenance variation ofmost seedling growth andmorphology characteristics was under the double control of longitude and latitude and had higher height andbasal diameter growth, larger seedling shoot elongation of its seed source. Compared with the northern and eastern p rovenances, the southern and inland p rovenances had more branches, more and wider / longer leaves. According to the result of seedling provenances, five good p rovenances (Quannan and Longnan of J iangxi, L iancheng, Shaxian and Jiangle of Fujian) were selected whose seedling height growth was 8199% ～56. 28%higher than the control .