三江源自然保护区主要森林群落物种多样性研究
Plant Spec ies D iversity ofMa in Forest Commun ity Types inSan Jiangyuan Na tiona l Na ture Reserve
-
摘要: 应用典型抽样法研究了三江源自然保护区4个主要森林群落的物种多样性,采用多种测度方法计算了各森林群落的α多样性和β多样性。结果表明: (1)青海云杉林、川西云杉林、紫果云杉林、大果圆柏林内部, 3个层片间物种丰富度和物种多样性都表现为草本层>灌木层>乔木层,反映了三江源自然保护区主要林区森林群落层片的物种多样性分布格局; (2)乔木层物种多样性从高到低依次为青海云杉林>紫果云杉林>大果圆柏林>川西云杉林,主要与群落分布的地理位置、海拔等环境因子和建群种生态学特性有关; ( 3)灌木层物种多样性,分布在阴坡地段的青海云杉林、川西云杉林和紫果云杉林差别不大,但都比分布在阳坡地段的大果圆柏林高,主要与阳坡早春树木生理干旱和放牧有关; (4)草本层物种多样性从高到低的顺序基本与灌木层相反,分布在阳坡的大果圆柏林草本层物种多样性高于分布在阴坡群落中的物种多样性; (5)β多样性表明,紫果云杉林与川西云杉林之间在物种多样性组成方面相似性最大;大果圆柏林和川西云杉林物种组成多样性的相似性位居第二;大果圆柏林和青海云杉林之间的物种多样性相似系数最低,可见,森林群落物种组成相似性程度,首先取决于群落建群种生态幅的宽窄,其次与建群种之间的生态学特性和生物学特性有关。Abstract: The characteristics of fourmain forest community types were analyzed by typ ical samp ling technology, αdiversity andβdiversitywere calculated with various calculation methods. The results showed that: (1) In fourmainforest communities of Picea crassifolia, Picea lik iangensis var. balfouriana, Picea purpurea and Sabina tibetica, α diversity which rep resented by Shannon-wiener index and Gleason richness index had the highest value in herb layers,the medium in shrub layers and the lowest in tree layers. (2) Among the 4 main forest communities, the ordinationorder ofα diversity in tree layers from high to low was that Picea crassifolia community > P. pu rpu rea community >S abina tibetica community > P. likiangensis var. balfou riana community. (3) There were no significant difference ofspecies diversity in shrub layers among Picea crassifolia comm unity, P. purpurea community and P. lik iangensis varbalfouriana community, which of them distributed in shade slopes, however, S abina tibetica community distributedin sunny slopes had the lowest species diversity in shrub layers because of grazing disturbance and natural conditionsof sunny slopes. (4) Species diversity in herb species of Sabina tibetica communitywas higher than other communities which distributed in shade slope. (5) Here, β diversity indicated that the similar degree of species compositionamong communities which was determined by ecological range and biological characteristics of dominant species.
-
[1] 郭正刚,刘慧霞,孙学刚,等. 白龙江上游地区森林植物群落物种多样性的研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2003, 27 (3) : 388～395 [2] 周本智,傅懋毅,李正才,等. 浙西北天然次生林群落物种多样性研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2005, 18 (4) : 406～411 [3] 李博. 生态学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社: 2000: 339～345 [4] 陶建平,臧润国. 海南霸王岭热带山地雨林林隙幼苗库动态规律研究[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 40 (3) : 33～38 [5] SheilD. Long-term observations of rain forest succession, tree diversity and responses to disturbance[J]. Plant Ecol, 2001, 155: 183～199 [6] Nagaike T , Kamitani T,Nakashizuka T. Plant species diversity in abandoned copp ice forests in a temperate deciduous forest area of central Japan[J]. Plant Ecol, 2003, 166: 145～156 [7] 贺金生,陈伟烈. 陆地植物群落物种多样性的梯度变化特征[J].生态学报, 1997, 17 (1) : 91～99 [8] 李宗善,唐建维,郑征,等. 西双版纳热带山地雨林的植物多样性研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2004, 28 (6) : 833～843 [9] 宋爱云,刘世荣,史作民,等. 卧龙自然保护区亚高山草甸植物群落物种多样性研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 19 (6) : 767～772 [10] 胡理乐,刘琪,闫伯前,等. 生态恢复后的千烟洲植物群落种类组成及结构特征[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 19 (6) : 807～812 [11] 郝朝运,刘鹏,邬周伟. 浙江中部七子花种群结构与空间分布格局的研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 19 (6) : 778～784 [12] 陈光升,钟章成. 重庆缙云山常绿阔叶林群落物种多样性与土壤因子的关系[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2004, 10 (1) : 12～17 [13] 王代懿,容丽,梅再美,等. 喀斯特石漠化生态治理区结构与物种多样性研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2005, 25 (2) : 31～35 [14] KalkhanM A, Stohlgren T J. Usingmulti-scale samp ling and spatialcross2correlation to investigate patterns of p lant species richness[J]. EnvironMonitoring Assessment, 2000, 64: 591～605 [15] 白永飞,李凌浩,黄建辉,等. 内蒙古高原针茅草原植物多样性与植物功能群组成对群落初级生产力稳定性的影响[J]. 植物学报, 2001, 43 (3) : 280～287 [16] 马克平. 生物多样性的测度方法α多样性的测度方法(上)[J]. 生物多样性, 1994a, 2 (3) : 162～168 [17] 马克平. 生物多样性的测度方法α多样性的测度方法(下)[J]. 生物多样性, 1994b, 2 (4) : 231～239 [18] 吴玉虎. 隆务河流域植物区系研究[J]. 云南植物研究, 2002,24 (2) : 155～169 [19] 曹仪植,宋占午. 植物生理学[M]. 兰州:兰州大学出版社, 1998 [20] 朱玉贤, 李毅. 现代分子生物学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1997 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3246
- HTML全文浏览量: 286
- PDF下载量: 1642
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
