修剪和生长调节剂对青海云杉苗芽生长发育的影响
Effects of Prun ing and Growth Regula tors on the Bud Growth andDevelopment of P icea c rassifolia Seedlings
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摘要: 对5年生和7年生青海云杉苗进行了不同方式的修剪,同时用不同的生长调节剂对其主干和侧枝上的芽进行了处理,发现除去青海云杉顶芽,能够促进苗木侧芽和隐芽的生长发育,提高侧芽的抽枝率,增加新枝的生长量。不同种类的生长调节剂和修剪方式对青海云杉芽的生长发育影响效果显著不同,去顶芽修剪的效果优于纺锤形修剪和篱式修剪,对于7年生苗,主干上仅留3个饱满芽的强度修剪能明显地减少主干上的芽数,使抽枝数也随之减少,处理效果最差。去顶芽能够明显的增加当年新梢数量和长于6 cm的新梢总长度,同时还能增加当年新梢上冬芽数。6BA对青海云杉芽和枝条的生长发育有较好的促进作用,抽枝宝在各个修剪处理中表现均最差,甚至在一定程度上抑制了青海云杉芽的萌发和延长生长。修剪和生长调节剂处理对5年生苗侧枝芽抽枝数影响均极显著,而对7年生苗的影响却不显著;修剪和生长调节剂的交互作用明显地影响了对7年生苗的处理效果,而对5年生苗的影响不显著。去顶芽后再用6BA涂抹青海云杉苗上的保留芽,能有效地促进青海云杉保留芽的生长发育,有利于形成更多枝条,对青海云杉采穗圃苗的处理效果最佳,强度修剪和用抽枝宝抹芽不适于青海云杉采穗圃苗的培育。Abstract: Buds on leaders and lateral branches of 5-year-old and 7-year-old Picea crassifolia was seedlings weretreated with different pruning and growth regulator daubing. Removing ap ical bud of Qinghai sp ruce could p romotesome lateral and dormant buds growing and breaking, imp rove branch growth. The effect of different growth regulators and p runingmodels to the buds of P. crassifolia distinct. Among all treatments, treatment effect of removing ap ical bud on trunk and lateral brancheswas superior to that of sp indle-mode p runing and fense-mode p runing, cutting still remaining 3 full buds on stems could significantly decrease the number of buds and then lessen the amount ofbranching, it was the worst one for 7-year-old seedlings. Whittling top buds could increase the quantities of shootand bud on shoot, simultaneously the total length of shoot was also lengthened. 6BA could effectively p romote thegrowth and development of sp ruce buds and branches, CHOUZH IBAO ismost ineffective and even rep ressive amongall treatments, for 5-year-old trees , the influence of p runing and growth regulator on the break-bud number of budson lateral tress was significant, however, for 7-year-old trees, it’s insignificant, and the interaction between themwas remarkable in the treatments to 7-year-old seedlings, but it’s not to 5-year-old seedlings. Daubing 6BA on theremained buds after removing ap ical budswasmore effective to boost the growth and development of buds in P. crassifolia and helpful to p roduce more buds and branches, it’s a kind of the best treatment to P. crassifolia seedlings,cutting or p lastering budswith CZB were unsuitable to the establishment and development of cutting orchard of P.crassifolia.
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Key words:
- Picea crassifolia
- / seedling
- / growth-regulator treatment
- / p runing modes
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