胶蚧属7种紫胶虫的支序系统学分析
Clad istic Ana lysis of Phylogenetic Rela tionships among 7 Spec ies ofLac In sects( Homoptera: Tachardiidae)
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摘要: 用支序分析方法讨论了7种紫胶虫之间的系统发育关系,选择肛突长度、膊背高度等22个形态性状,进行支序分析,得出7种紫胶虫系统发育关系图。结果显示:中华紫胶虫的形态较为特殊,与其它6种差异较大,最先从群体中分化出来,是最原始的种类;其它6种紫胶虫稳定地分化为两大支系:信德紫胶虫与紫胶蚧构成一个支系,二者在外部形态结构上有许多相似的地方,形成紧密的姐妹群关系,主要分布在印度次大陆热带地区,属于较原始的种类;在另一支系中,尼泊尔紫胶虫首先分化出来,也属于比较原始的种类;普萨紫胶虫紧随其后分化出来;田紫胶虫与云南紫胶虫最后分化出来,是最进化的物种,同时它们在形态结构上相似,形成姐妹群关系,这4种紫胶虫主要分布在欧亚板块的热带、亚热带地区。紫胶虫的外部形态与其地理分布及生境有着密切的关系。Abstract: Based on the morphological study, 22 apomorphies including the length of anal tubercle and height ofbranchia were selected for the attemp t to interp ret the phylogenetic relationship s among seven species of lac insectsby a cladistic app roach in this study. Results show that K. chinensis is the earliest diverging member in case of itsspecialmorphological characters. The other six species are stably divided into two natural group s. In one group, K.sindica and K. lacca have the closest relationship and formed as sister taxon with much similarity in morphology.The two species both distribute in trop ical zone of India subcontinent and belong to p rimitive species. In the othergroup , K. nepa lensis is the archaic divergingmember followed by K. pusana. K. ruralis and K. yunnanensis are thenewest specieswith similarmorphology and form a sister group. The latter four speciesmainly distribute in trop icaland sub2trop ic zones of Asia and Europe. The externalmorphology of lac insects have close relationship with theirgeographic distribution and living surroundings.
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Key words:
- Kerria
- / Lac insect
- / cladistic app roach
- / phylogeny
- / evolutionary relationship
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