北亚热带6种森林类型凋落物分解过程中有机碳动态变化
Carbon Dynam ics of L itter Decomposition in Six Forest Standsof Subtropica l China
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摘要: 运用凋落物野外分解模拟实验的方法,对北亚热带地区6种主要森林类型凋落物分解过程中有机碳的变化进行了研究,结果表明: (1) 6种土地利用类型森林凋落物分解过程中,有机碳相对含量在分解初始阶段都呈现增加的趋势,表现为凋落物有机碳相对含量的积累过程;分解开始的第3～4个月后,凋落物有机碳相对含量下降;经过1 a的分解周期以后,粗放经营毛竹林凋落物有机碳相对含量变化最大,下降11. 7%; (2)集约经营毛竹林凋落物有机碳数量从分解开始就减少,而其它几种类型分解初期有机碳数量都表现一个净积累的过程,然后才逐步释放;经过1 a分解周期以后,粗放经营毛竹林凋落物53. 8%的有机碳净释放;凋落物有机碳释放速率由高到低的顺序为:粗放经营毛竹林、早竹林、杉木林、天然次生林、集约经营毛竹林、马尾松林; (3) 6种土地利用类型森林凋落物在分解过程中,有机碳剩余率随时间变化的模型都极其显著地符合分解指数模型,因此都可以用指数方程表达; ( 4)影响凋落物分解的环境因子所发挥的作用不尽相同,凋落物的分解速率和温度之间呈现显著的正相关关系。Abstract: Based on the field study, this paper deals with carbon dynamics of litter decomposition in six land-usetypes of forests in the subtrop ical area of south China. The results showed that: ( 1 ) at the beginning of thedecomposition, the carbon content in litter increased, indicating the accumulation p rocess of carbon; later, thecarbon content decreased, while after one year of decomposition, the carbon content of that in the Phy llostachysedu lis extensively managed stand was reduced by 11. 7%; ( 2) the carbon quantity of litter in the Phy llostachysedu lis stand decreased from the beginning, while those for the others increased first and then decreased; after oneyear, the carbon quantity of the extensively managed Ph. edulis stand decreased by 53. 8%; the release rate ofcarbon from the highest to lowest was ranked as follows: the extensively managed Ph. edu lis stand, Ph. praecoxstand, Cunningham ia lanceolata stand, the intensively managed Ph. edu lis stands and Pinus m assoniana; (3) theremaining carbon amount of forest litter could be described by exponential equation models; (4) the decomposition rate of litterwas positively correlated with air temperature.
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Key words:
- forest litter
- / litter decomposition
- / release of organic carbon
- / land-use pattern
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