环境因子对喙尾琵甲卵孵化的影响
Effects of Environmental Factors on Egg Development and Hatching of Blaps rhynchopetera (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
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摘要: 研究了温度、光照和基质含水量对喙尾琵甲(Blaps rhynchopetera Fairmaire)卵孵化的影响。结果表明:12 - 28 ℃ 6个恒温条件下卵均可孵化,随着温度的升高卵的发育历期缩短(32.92 - 5.83 d),发育速率加快(0.03 - 0.172/d)。12 - 25 ℃下孵化率较高,平均孵化率70%,8 ℃和31 ℃未见卵孵化。喙尾琵甲卵的发育起点温度为(10.08±0.93) ℃,有效积温为(99.91±8.11)日·度。在0 - 8 000 lx光照条件下,随着光照度的增加,孵化率呈下降趋势,光照度≥8 000 lx,卵不孵化。基质含水量和温度共同影响试验中,基质含水量、温度以及二者的交互作用均对卵的孵化有显著影响,多重比较分析后筛选出了适宜卵孵化的温度含水量组合;并对云南地区限制喙尾琵甲卵孵化的气候因素进行了探讨。Abstract: Effects of environmental factors including temperature, illumination and water content of substrate on egg hatching of Blaps rhynchopetera Fairmaire were studied in artificial climate chambers and room temperature. The results showed that the eggs could hatch out from 12 ℃ to 28 ℃, the development duration was shortened and the developmental rate increased with the rise of temperature from 12 ℃ to 28 ℃. The optimal temperature was between 12—25 ℃. Eggs could not hatch at the temperature below 8 ℃ or over 31 ℃. The developmental threshold temperature required for eggs was 10.08±0.93 ℃, and the effective accumulated temperature was 99.91±8.11 degree-day. Among constant illumination of 0—12 000 lx, the hatching rates were reduced with the increase of illumination, and larvae were not found after treating eggs with constant illumination over or equal to 8 000 lx. In the experiment of temperature and water content of substrate, both the temperature and water content of substrate and their interaction effect influenced significantly on the hatching rate. The optimal combinations of substrate temperature and water content were selected based by multiple comparisons. The climatic factors limiting eggs hatching of this insect in Yunnan were also discussed in this paper.
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Key words:
- Blaps rhynchopetera Fairmaire
- / egg hatching
- / temperature
- / water content of substrate
- / illumination
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