云南松天然林及人工林群落结构和物种多样性比较
Comparison of Community Structures and Species Diversity in Natural Forests and Forest Plantation of Pinus yunnanensis
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摘要: 通过对云南省滇中地区云南松天然林和人工林的群落结构调查及物种多样性研究,结果表明:干扰较少的云南松天然林具有较为稳定、合理的群落结构,其乔木层优势种群具有较强的自然更新能力和长远的演替潜力,并且物种多样性和生境多样性。干扰较少的云南松天然林的这些特性均优于干扰较大的云南松天然林,干扰较大的云南松天然林又优于人工林。随着森林起源过程中干扰(人为干扰和自然干扰)程度的逐渐增加,云南松群落的稳定性、生物多样性、协调平衡能力及自然修复能力相应下降;而入侵种紫茎泽兰的分布范围和数量则相应上升,提示其或可作为森林群落生物多样性、干扰程度和森林健康评价的指示生物。Abstract: Community structures and species diversity in natural and man-made Pinus yunnanensis forests in central Yunnan were investigated. The results showed that, fewer interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest had the most stable and reasonable community structures, populations of the dominant species of tree stratum had the strongest ability in naturally regenerating and succession potential, and also the species diversity and habitat diversity were the most abundant. The features of fewer interferential natural forest described above were all superior to that of the more interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest; and more interferential natural forest preceded forest plantation. The more the interference (both natural and artificial) increased during the originating process of the forests, the more the community stability, biodiversity, harmonious and balanced capacity and renewing capacity declined. However, the distribution range and quantum of the invasive species Ageratina adenophora increased in accompany with the increases of artificial interference, this perhaps indicated that Ageratina adenophora could be the bio-indicator of evaluating forest biodiversity, interference extent and forest health.
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Key words:
- Pinus yunnanensis
- / natural forest
- / forest plantation
- / interference
- / community structure
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