荒漠河岸林2种典型植物的耐盐性比较
Salt Tolerance Comparison of Two Typical Plants in Desert Riparian Forest
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摘要: 在新疆尉犁县的天然荒漠河岸林里,选择了3个土壤盐度不同的样地,测定了胡杨和柽柳叶片的脯氨酸含量、K+/Na+、氯离子(Cl-)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量等5个生理指标,并利用模糊数学隶属函数法对二者的耐盐性进行了综合评价。结果表明:随着土壤盐胁迫的增强,胡杨叶片的脯氨酸含量总体上呈增加趋势;K+/Na+变化不明显,Cl-含量和SOD活性则先增加后减少,MDA含量则呈减少趋势;而柽柳叶片的脯氨酸含量、K+/Na+、SOD活性与MDA含量呈增加趋势,Cl-含量逐渐减少。在3个样地中胡杨叶片的脯氨酸含量均显著高于柽柳(p-1。在土壤0 10 cm盐度较高的样地1和样地2中,柽柳叶片的K+/Na+和MDA含量显著高于胡杨(p+/Na+分别为0.060、0.095,MDA含量分别为8.23、13.96 μmol·g-1。在样地1和样地2中,胡杨的叶片Cl-含量显著高于柽柳(p-含量最高,分别为2.59、1.49 μg·mg-1。在样地1中,柽柳的SOD活性(0.43 U·mg-1·min-1)显著高于胡杨(0.37 U·mg-1·min-1)(p-含量耐盐,而柽柳则主要通过增加叶片脯氨酸含量,提高叶片的K+/Na+,增强SOD活性耐盐。Abstract: Five physiological indexes(leaf proline content, K+/Na+, Cl- content, SOD activity, and MDA content) were chosen to evaluate the comprehensive salt tolerance of Populus euphratica and Tamarix spp. in natural riparian forest by subordinate function in Yuli County. With the increase of soil salinity, the leaf proline content of P. euphratica increased, its K+/Na+ did not change, the Cl- content and SOD activity increased then decreased, MDA content decreased. However, the leaf proline content, K+/Na+, SOD activity and MDA content of Tamarix spp. increased and its Cl- content decreased. The leaf proline content of P. euphratica was significantly higher than Tamarix spp. in three plots (pP. euphratica and Tamarix spp. were 902.70 and 732.99 μg·g-1. The leaf K+/Na+ and MDA content of Tamarix spp. were significantly higher than that of P. euphratica in plots 1 and 2 with higher soil salt content in 0-10 cm depth (p+/Na+ of P. euphratica and Tamarix spp. were 0.060 and 0.095 and the leaf MDA content of P. euphratica and Tamarix spp. were 8.23 and 13.96 μmol·g-1. The leaf Cl- content of P. euphratica was significantly higher than that of Tamarix spp. in plot 1 and 2 (p- content of P. euphratica and Tamarix spp. were 2.59 and 1.49 μg·mg-1 in plot 2. The leaf SOD activity of Tamarix spp. (0.43 U·mg-1·min-1) was significantly higher than that of P. euphratica (0.37 U·mg-1·min-1) in plots 1 (pP. euphratica is higher than that of Tamarix spp., according to the results of subordinate function. The salt tolerance mechanism is different in two plants: P. euphratica tolerates salt by increasing leaf proline and decreasing leaf Cl- content, whereas Tamarix spp. tolerates salt by increasing leaf proline content, improving leaf K+/Na+ and enhancing SOD activity under higher soil salinity condition.
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Key words:
- Populus euphratica
- / Tamarix spp.
- / salt tolerance
- / physiological indexes
- / subordinate function
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