阿什河上游小流域主要林分枯落物层的持水特性
Water-Holding Characteristics of Litter Layers of Main Forest Types in the Upstream Small Watershed of Ashi River
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摘要: 在阿什河上游的帽儿山实验林场境内,选取代表性的6种林分类型,测定了各林分枯落物层的蓄积量,采用室内浸泡法对持水能力进行研究。结果表明:6种林分枯落物层厚度为2.8 5.5 cm;枯落物总蓄积量为9.27 39.81 t·hm-2;最大持水量为25.65 136.83 t·hm-2;最大拦蓄水量为21.02 87.53 t·hm-2;总有效拦蓄水深为1.72 6.71 mm。6种林分枯落物层的持水能力排序为:兴安落叶松林>针阔混交林>红松林>蒙古栎林>樟子松林>水曲柳林。对6种林分枯落物的持水量、吸水率随浸泡时间的变化进行了回归拟合,表明枯落物持水量与浸泡时间存在对数关系,枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间存在幂函数关系。Abstract: Six types of representative forest stands at the Maoershan Experimental Station in the Ashi River’s upstream watershed were selected to investigate the forest stock volume and water-holding capacity of litter layers, and the data obtained were analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that the thickness of litter layer was in the range of 2.8 5.5 cm; the total stock volume of litter layer was in 9.27 39.81 t·hm-2; the maximum water holding capacity ranged from 25.65 t·hm-2 to 136.83 t·hm-2; the maximum retain capacity was 21.02 87.53 t·hm-2; and the total effective retain deepness was 1.72 6.71 mm. The water-holding capacity of the six types of forest litter layers was listed in decreasing order as follows: Larix gmelini forest>conifer-broadleaved mixed forest>Pinus koraiensis forest>Quercus mongolica forest>Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest>Fraxinus mandshurica forest. Regression analysis for the six types of forest stand litters showed logarithmic relationships between water-holding capacity of litter and socking time, and power functions between water absorption rate and soaking time.
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Key words:
- Ashi river
- / small river basin
- / litter
- / water-holding characteristics
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