广西银杉林主要树种种群生态位分析
Niche of the Major Tree Species Populations in Cathaya argyrophylla Forest in Guangxi
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摘要: 以广西银杉林不同生境的样地作为不同资源的综合体(资源位),以各物种的重要值作为资源位上的状态指标, 定量分析银杉林各主要树种种群的生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠。结果表明:1)银杉、变色杜鹃、华南五针松、五列木、绣球茜草具有较大的重要值和较宽的生态位宽度值,占据群落中的重要资源,在所调查的生境中具有更强适应能力,在银杉林中具有重要的地位。而含笑、大头茶、小花桤叶树等种群数量相对较少,分布范围较窄,生态位宽度较小,对资源的利用能力比较弱。2)银杉林中各种物种之间的相似性比例值多数较大,多数物种间的生态学特性较相似或他们利用资源的相似性程度较大。生态位宽度大的物种和其他物种间的生态位相似性比例值大,生态位宽度小的物种与其他物种间的生态位相似性比例值较小。3)银杉林中各主要树种间的生态位重叠值较低,各主要树种之间的相互竞争不高。生态位宽度大的物种具有较大生态位重叠值,与其他物种利用或占有同一资源的概率大;生态位宽度小的物种具有的生态位重叠值较小,与其他物种的占有或利用同一资源的概率小。4) 银杉在各个样方中都占据较大重要值,具有较大的生态位宽度值,是银杉林的优势种和群落的建群种。Abstract: Using the plots of Cathaya argyrophylla community with different habitats in Guangxi as resource complexes (resource position), and the species of important value as the state index on resource position the niche breadth (Levins index and Shannon Wiener diversity index), the proportion of niche similarity and niche overlap of the dominant species populations in C. argyrophylla community were quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: 1) The C. argyrophylla, Rhododendron simiarum, Pinus kwangtungensis, Dendropanax hainanensis, Pentaphylax euryoides and Dunnia sinensis have greater important value and wider niche breadth, and they are the dominant species resources in the community, with higher ability in the surveyed habitat and occupy an important position in C. argyrophylla forest. But Michelia figo, Gordonia axillaris and Clethra bodinieri var. parviflora are on the contrary. 2)There is a larger niche similarity among most of the species in C. argyrophylla forest, the ecological characteristics of them are similar in resource utilization. The species with wider niche breadth will have a bigger niche similarity value, while the species with smaller niche width have lower similarity value with other species. 3) The niche overlap value is low among the major tree species in C. argyrophylla forest and the competition among main tree species is weak. The species with larger niche breadth have larger niche overlap value and higher probability in occupy or use the same resources with other species, while the species with smaller niche breadth have smaller niche overlap value and lower probability in occupy or use the same resources with other species. 4) C. argyrophylla has a large important value in all the quadrats, so it has great niche breadth value. C. argyrophylla is the dominant species and the constructive species in C. argyrophylla forest community.
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Key words:
- Cathaya argyrophylla
- / niche breadth
- / niche similarity
- / niche overlap
- / community
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