Abstract: In order to study the effects of potassium levels on fruit characters and yields of Camellia oleifera, six different potash level treatments were designed and tested in mature Changlin53 and Changlin27 clone strain of C. oleifera. Based on these measuring such as fruit diameter, fruit weight, dry seed rate, dry kernel rate, the oil rate of kernel and fruit, fruit number, fruit and oil yield per plant in two consecutive years, the differences of treatments and clone strains were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the responses of fruit characters and yields of the two clone strains to potassium levels were different between ‘on’ and ‘off’ year. In ‘on’ year, in addition to fruit diameter, the fruit weight and dry kernel rate, the effects of potassium levels on fruit characters and yields of two clone strains were significant. In ‘off’ year, only fruit amount, yield and oil yield per plant of the strain Changlin53 changed with different potassium levels, and no significant gradient law was found. But for the strain Changlin27, with the increasing potassium levels, the dry seed rate, oil rate of fruit increased at first and then decreased, and the fruit amount, fruit yield and oil yield declined. Whether in ‘on’ or ‘off’ year, the relationship between fruit yield and fruit amount per plant was the closest, and the yield of ‘on’ year was dominant in the production of C. oleifera. For the average yield of ‘on’ and ‘off’ year, the moderate potassium level treatment was better. With appropriate potassium, the fruit character of C. oleifera can be effectively improved and its fruit amount and yield per plant will be more in ‘on’ year. Key word: