杉木林采伐迹地再造林后土壤调蓄水分功能恢复研究
Research on Restoration of Soil Moisture Regulation Function in the Harvested Chinese Fir Plantation after Reforestation
-
摘要: [目的]探讨杉木人工林采伐前、后及其采伐迹地造林后林地土壤调蓄水分功能的变化,揭示采伐地造林后,幼林对土壤蓄水功能的调节恢复作用.[方法]采用定位连续观测方法,在24年生杉木人工林伐前、伐后以及造林后1年、3年、5年、8年的样地内采集土壤样品,进行室內测试分析.[结果]表明:与伐前相比,杉木人工林采伐后1 m深土壤层毛管孔隙度提高了1.70%,非毛管孔隙度下降了4.95%;伐后1 m深土壤层最大持水力、最小持水力和毛管持水力比伐前分别提高了4.02%、2.67%和5.31%,但土壤贮水力下降14.30%;0~20,20~40 cm土层的初渗速率分别下降19.81%和16.95%,稳渗速率分别下降12.97%和14.49%;造林后林分对土壤调蓄水分功能的调节作用,随着林龄增加而增大,8年生幼林0~20,20~40 cm土层对土壤水分的初渗调控能力恢复到采伐前的62.50%和58.83%,稳渗的调控恢复到采伐前的62.22%和48.79%;若以伐后与伐前土壤的最大持水力、最小持水力和毛管持水力的差值为100%,8年生幼林其与伐前的差异只有16.90%,17.84%和23.20%.土壤贮水力恢复到采伐前33.34%的水平.[结论]杉木人工林的采伐导致土壤调蓄水分功能减弱,采伐迹地再造林能逐步改善林地土壤调蓄水分功能,而且随着幼林林龄增加调节功能逐步增强.Abstract: [Objective]In order to understand the changes of regulation function of soil moisture for the pre-harvest, post-harvest and reforestated Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation.[Method]By continuous observation in fixed locations of 24-year-old Chinese fir plantation, the soil samples before harvest, 1 year after harvest and 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, and 8 years after reforestation were collected, and the function of soil water regulation and storage capacity were investigated by laboratory data analysis.[Result]The results showed that compared with pre-harvest period, the capillary porosity of soil 1 m in depth increased by 1.70% at post-harvest period, and the non-capillary porosity decreased by 4.95%; the water holding capacity, the minimum holding capacity and capillary power of the soil increased by 4.02%, 2.67% and 5.31% respectively, but the water storage capacity declined by 14.30%; the initial infiltration capacity of the soil 0~20cm and 20~40 cm in depth decreased by 19.81% and 16.95% respectively, the stable infiltration capacity also fell by 12.97% and 14.49% respectively; during the reforestation stage, the water regulation and storage function gradually improved along with the ages of the Chinese fir plantation, for example, the initial infiltration capacity of the soil with 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm in depth at Chinese fir plantation 8 years after reforestation recovered to 62.50% and 58.83% respectively, the stable infiltration capacity also recovered to 62.22% and 48.79% compared with pre-harvest stage; If the soil before cutting with the maximum water holding capacity after cutting, minimum water holding capacity and capillary water holding capacity of 100% of the difference. with the 8-year-old stand differences before cutting only 16.90%, 17.84% and 23.20%; the soil water storage capacity returned to 33.34% of pre-harvest level. [Conclusion]The regulating function of soil moisture was weakened by harvest; however, with the reforestation activities, all the capacity of soil moisture will gradually recovered.
-
Key words:
- Chinese fir plantation
- / soil
- / water storage function
- / cutover land
- / reforestation
- / function recovery
-
[1] 李兆山,孙建明,杨文珠, 等. 浅析大兴安岭地区森林采伐对环境的影响[J].林业建设,2008,(2):70-73. [2] 张景涛. 森林采伐对环境的影响及保护措施探讨[J]. 农林科技,2014(4):7-8. [3] 李良厚,陈宝林,汪 衡,等.森林对环境的服务功能及其作用机制[J].中国科技信息,2012(10):41-42. [4] 李艳忠,孙 亮. 浅析森林采伐对环境的影响[J]. 林业勘查设计,2008(3):21-22. [5] 邢福光, 薛 杨,陈 杰,等. 浅谈森林对环境的重要作用--以岛东林场东坡作业区调查结果为视角[J]. 热带林业,2009,31(1):47-48. [6] 齐 清, 李传荣, 许景伟, 等.沙质海岸不同植被类型土壤水源涵养功能的研究[J] .水土保持学报, 2005, 19(6):102-105. [7] 赵世伟, 周印东, 吴金水.子午岭北部不同植被类型土壤水分特征研究[J].水土保持学报, 2002, 16(4):119-122. [8] 夏江宝, 许景伟 , 李传荣,等. 沙质海岸不同植被梯度带的土壤蓄水功能[J] .水土保持学报,2008,22(6):208-211. [9] 郑子龙,蔺岩雄,袁一超, 等. 甘肃小陇山林区不同森林类型土壤水分动态[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(1):51-54. [10] 孙艳红, 张洪江, 程金花, 等.缙云山不同林地类型土壤特性及其水源涵养功能[J] .水土保持学报, 2006, 20(2):106-109. [11] 张雷燕, 刘常富, 王彦辉, 等.宁夏六盘山地区不同森林类型土壤的蓄水和渗透能力比较[J] .水土保持学报, 2007, 21(1):95-98. [12] 姜海燕, 赵雨森, 陈祥伟, 等.大兴安岭岭南几种主要森林类型土壤水文功能研究[ J] .水土保持学报, 2007, 21(3):149-153. [13] 郝文芳, 韩蕊莲, 单长卷,等. 黄土高原不同立地条件下人工林刺槐林土壤水分动态规律研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2003, 23(6):964-968. [14] 周国相.经营密度对杨桦次生林土壤含水量及林分生长量的影响[J]. 林业勘查设计,2012(1):88-90. [15] 莎仁图雅,韩胜利,田有亮, 等.大青山区不同密度人工油松林地土壤水分动态规律的研究[J]. 内蒙古农业大学学报,2006,27(2):75-78. [16] 李世荣, 张卫强, 贺康宁. 黄土半干旱区不同密度刺槐林地的土壤水分动态[J].中国水土保持科学, 2003, 1(2):28-32. [17] 石丽丽,徐成立,王雄宾,等. 抚育间伐对华北落叶松人工林涵养水源功能影响[J]. 南水北调与水利科技,2013,11(2):108-111. [18] 夏红玲, 张源润, 董立国, 等. 宁南山区坡地改造工程土壤水分动态研究[J].防护林科技,2009(4):5-7. [19] 徐金良,毛玉明,郑成忠,等. 抚育间伐对杉木人工林生长及出材量的影响[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(1):99-107. [20] 中国土壤学会土壤农化分析专业委员会. 土壤常规分析法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,1965: 15-19. [21] 高 琛,鲁绍伟,杨新兵,等.北京松山不同密度丁香天然林枯落物及土壤水文效应[J]. 水土保持研究,2013,20(6):59-65. [22] 相聪伟,张建国,段爱国,等.杉木密度间伐试验林林分断面积生长效应[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(6):801-808. [23] 梁小妮.枯落物与根系对城市土壤改良作用概述[J].陕西林业科技,2012,(3):102-105. [24] Lynch Thomas B, Zhang, Difei. On Relative Maxima of Diameter Growth, Basal Area Growth, Volume Growth, and Mean Annual Increment for Individual Trees[J]. Forest Science . 2011,5 (4) :45-49. [25] Zhang S Y,Gilles Chauret,D E. Swift,Isabelle Duchesne.Effects of precommercial thinning on tree growth and lumber quality in a jack pine stand in New Brunswick[J] , Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 2006,24(5):65-68. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3072
- HTML全文浏览量: 335
- PDF下载量: 1020
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
