Abstract: To approach annual variation of nutrient content and antioxidant ability of Ph. edulis stump roots and provide theoretical guidance for research on accretion decay technology, concentration of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein and activities of antioxidative enzymes, and root vigor of stump roots from bamboo stumps after cutting 2a, 4a, 6a and 6-years living bamboo were determined. With the increasing of cutting years, cell osmotic adjustment ability decreased, and cell membrane lipid peroxidation of stump root increased, while the root vigor and resistance physiological activity reduced gradually. Physiological activity and ability of growth and regeneration for bamboo stump root was high even after cutting 6 years, concentrations of C, N, P were also high. Furthermore, C concentrations increased greatly after bamboo cutting. Main nutrient stoichiometry adjusted adaptively, and N/P remained stable while C/N and C/P tended to increase. Stump root was able to adsorb nutrients from soil, and obtained C from the living bamboo parts through the rhizomes, which may be the important mechanism of slow decaying of bamboo stumps.