杜仲雄花形态性状的遗传多样性分析
Genetic Diversity Analysis on Morphology Traits of Eucommia ulmoides Male Flowers
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摘要: [目的] 揭示杜仲种质资源雄花主要形态性状的遗传多样性，为有效评价、利用杜仲雄花资源，以及为杜仲育种提供理论依据。[方法] 对193份杜仲种质资源雄花花径、花高、干质量、含水率、雄蕊长度、雄蕊数及千蕊质量等主要形态性状进行测定，并进行遗传多样性分析。[结果] 表明：不同种质间杜仲雄花花径、花高、干质量、含水率等7个主要形态性状均存在较大变异，变异系数幅度5.18%~40.47%。不同性状遗传多样性指数较高，变化范围为1.825 0~2.012 3。不同性状之间相关程度极为显著，其中，花径与花高间相关系数达0.746，花高与干质量相关系数达0.667，雄蕊长度与千蕊质量相关系数达0.831。通过聚类可将193份杜仲种质资源可分为5大类群，其中第Ⅲ类群种质包括15份材料，且各性状表现最优。主成分分析结果显示，累计方差贡献率达86.625%的前3个主成分适于评定杜仲雄花资源。[结论] 杜仲种质资源雄花主要形态性状表现出丰富的遗传多样性，有较大的改良潜力，可为杜仲育种及雄花资源开发利用奠定基础。Abstract: [Objective] The aim of this study is to reveal the genetic diversity on morphology traits of Eucommia ulmoides male flowers, to efficiently evaluate and utilize the E. ulmoides male flower resources and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding program. [Method] The main morphology traits, such as flower diameter, flower height, dry weight, moisture content, stamen length, stamen number and 1 000-stamen weight of 193 E. ulmoides germplasm male flowers were measured and the genetic diversity analysis was carried out. [Result] The results showed that there existed large variations in flower diameter, flower height, dry weight, moisture content and another 3 traits, and the variation coefficient ranged from 5.18% to 40.47%. High genetic diversity indexes were calculated in all traits and ranged from 1.825 0 to 2.012 3. Significant correlation was observed among traits, the correlation coefficient were 0.746 between flower diameter and flower height, 0.667 between flower height and dry weight, 0.831 between stamen length and 1 000-stamen weight, respectively. The results of cluster analysis showed that 193 E. ulmoides germplasms could be divided into 5 groups, the group Ⅲ including 15 samples was evaluated as excellent resources. The principal component analysis revealed that the first 3 principal components which accounted for 86.625% of the accumulated variance contribution rate were suitable for assessing the E. ulmoides male flower resources. [Conclusion] It is concluded that the 7 morphology traits of E. ulmoides male flowers had high genetic diversity and great potential for improvement, which could provide references for E. ulmoides breeding program and the utilization of male flower resources.
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Key words:
- Eucommia ulmoides male flower
- / germplasm
- / morphology traits
- / genetic diversity
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