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石斛属(Dendrobium Swartz)为兰科(Orchidaceae)三大属之一,其原种将近2 000种,主要分布于亚洲热带、亚热带地区和太平洋岛屿。作为我国中药材的石斛兰,是许多中成药的重要成分,而作为观赏植物的石斛兰美丽又芳香,是我国和世界著名花卉[1-2]。
国内外在石斛兰栽培育种[1-3]、组织培养[1, 4]、花芽分化[5]、光合特性[6-7]、菌根发育[8-10]等方面取得了许多富有成效的研究结果。随着现代分子生物学技术的发展,石斛属分子鉴定、相关功能基因分析及转基因等研究也取得了较大进展[11-13]。本文就近年来石斛属植物分子生物学主要研究进展进行综述,为进一步开展该属植物抗逆机理、重要观赏性状的形成与代谢发育研究提供参考。
石斛属分子生物学研究进展
Advances in Dendrobium Molecular Biology
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摘要: 石斛兰是重要的新花卉作物资源,具有极高的经济价值。对近年来石斛属分子生物学研究进行了综述,包括现代分子生物学手段在石斛属分类研究的开发与利用,花色、花发育、抗逆等关键基因研究,遗传转化体系建立及转基因技术研究等。就今后石斛属植物主要研究方向进行了展望,以期为今后石斛属植物分子生物学研究理清思路。Abstract: Dendrobium is one of the most important new floral resources with highly economic value. The advances in Dendrobium molecular biology were reviewed, including the development and application of modern molecular tools in the taxonomy; the cloning and characterization of key genes involved in the critical biological processes of Dendrobium, such as floral color, floral development and stress-tolerance; the establishment of genetic transformation systems and the research of transgenic technology. The main research directions of Dendrobium plants in China were analyzed, to offer the reference for further research.
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Key words:
- Dendrobium
- / DNA molecular marker
- / genetic transformation
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