• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2002 Vol. 15, No. 4

Display Method:
Experiments on Characteristics of Wheat Roots Difference between Apple-wheat Intercropping System and Wheat Monoculture System
MENG Ping, ZHANG Jin song, YIN Chang jun, MA Xiao qi, FENG Wei dong
2002, 15(4): 369-373.
Abstract:
The difference characteristics of wheat roots between the apple wheat intercropping and the wheat monoculture(CK) was conducted in the hilly region of Taihang Mountains. The results show that: during the wheat double ridge maturity stage, the amount of wheat fine roots in the intercropping is about 4.74% more than that in the CK; there is no significant difference of vertical and temporal roots distribution trend between the intercropping and the CK.
A Study on Development of Shiro and ProductivePotentialities of Tricholoma matsutake
GONG Ming qin, SU Lian jun, CHEN Yu, WANG Feng zhen, CAO Jia xiang
2002, 15(4): 374-379.
Abstract:
s: A permanent experimental site was established in 1997 near Haitang village, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province, which is occupied about 1 hm2. Field observations for 58 shiros were conducted for 4 years. Results indicated that artificial facilitating measurements as a reserve, could improve development of shiro, which increased by 110.64% in fruitbody quantity and reduced by 12.6% in losing quantity. Two types of the shiro were divided by their formation time. normal type and late type, which were 58.6% and 41.1% of the total shiros, respectively. The normal type produced fruitbodies earlier, lasted for relative long period. The late type produced fruitbody late in August, lasted for relativey short terms. Based on the 6 shiros' observation through three years, the quantity of fruitbodies increased by 102.6%, yield increased by 112.5%. The highest yield is 1.28 kg per shiro in the site. The semi artificial simulating cultivation, which left some fruitbodies on ground for natural mature, could create new shiros and produce fruitbodies usually afer 2 3 years.
Study on the Network System of Favored Trees for Suitable LandBased on Spatial Information Techniques
ZHANG Huai qing, WANG Yun sheng, CHEN Yong fu, LIU Hua
2002, 15(4): 380-386.
Abstract:
Heilongjiang Province was taken as an example to build a network system of favored trees for suitable land by using forestry spatial information technique which can run on the platform of Internet networks. Through comprehensive analysis and processing of forestry spatial information data, an overlapped vector layer with main forestation factors will be generated. It is useful for visual query by using Digital Elevation Model(DEM) overlapped with remote sensing images. At the same time, a network database of spatial information and forestation expert knowledge was built in order to adapt on the network environment. The system programmed by using the object model of ESRI ARCIMS, which realized to merge the multi sources data including forestry spatial information and expert knowledge base etc., as well as the network expression, analysis and decision of spatial information.
Studies on Toxin Produced by Botryodiplodia theobromae
WANG Jun, Li Ruo ying
2002, 15(4): 387-393.
Abstract:
A toxic substance produced by Botryodiplodia theobromae in liquid culture, its physical and chemical properties and effects on Cinnamomun cassia were studied. Bioassay indicated that the metabolites of B. theobromae caused wilt on C. cassia new sprouts and necrosis on leaf discs. The toxin is non host specific and toxic to plants other than C. cassia such as Cinnamomum camphora, Pinus massorian, Wedelia prostuata, Lycopersicon esculentum and Mikania micrantha. The toxin was weakly acidic, heat and cold stable, dissolved easily in water, ethanol, acetone, n butanol+acetone, moderately dissolved in acetic ester, slightly in chloroform and not in ether. The toxin did not belong to proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides. However, the toxic filtrate contained aldose. The toxicity was increased after ethanol and acetone treatment. High performance liquid chromatography from ethyl acetate extract of the toxin revealed four major fractions. After treated with the toxin, the relative electrical conductivity of C. cassia leaf discs increased dramatically in comparison to that of the control. When exposed to the same level of toxin concentration, the electrical conductivity of susceptible C. cassia is higher than that of resistant C. cassia var. macrophyllumone.
Rotation of Eucalyptus grandis ×E. urophylla Plantation for Pulp and Paper
CHEN Shao xiong, ZHOU Guo fu, LIN Yi hui
2002, 15(4): 394-398.
Abstract:
A spacing and fertilizing trial with 4 replications and six levels each were established. The results show that within the range of the trial, the more the initial spacing, the younger the age to get quantitative maturity and rotation; quantitative maturity of spacing levels from 1 to 6 are 5.5, 6.2, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8 and 6.4 a respectively; the length of rotations are 5, 6, 7, 7, 7 and 6 a respectively, while the rates of economic benefit are 24.8%,23.9%,23.5%,22.8%,21.6% and 24.1%. The results also show that quantitative and economical maturity of fertilizing levels from 1 to 6 are 6.3, 6.6, 6.5, 6.5, 6.5 and 6.6 a, all between 6.3 a and 6.6 a, the length of rotations of all the levels are 6, 7, 6, 6, 6 and 7 a respectively and the rates of economic benefit are 20.4%, 21.5%, 23.6%, 25.0%, 26.6% and 23.1% respectively. All the levels of two treatments could be harvested at age 4 which the rates of economic benefit are all over 18%.
A Study on Introduction and Culture of Taiwania flousiana in Guangdong and Its Cultural Regional Assignment
CHEN Jian xin, WANG Ming huai, YIN Zuo yun, LIN Jun, CHEN Mu fa, LIANG Sheng yao
2002, 15(4): 399-405.
Abstract:
Taiwania flousiana was introduced to Guangdong in 1981. Since then, the introduction and culture trial was carried out at 12 sites. It has been proved that T. flousiana have broad ecological adaptability an introduction potential, and the plantations performed well. Compared with Cunninghamia lanceolata, its increment is greater in the northern part of Guangdong, while the increment is a little less before 7 years old from the viewpoint of the whole province. The growth of T. flousiana is affected by soil characters and tiny landform, and it is more adaptive than C. lanceolata in the land with altitude over 500 meters. The growth model of T. flousiana was built using the growth data from 12 sits and 10 environmental factors. According to climatic factors and tree growth data, T. flousiana culture region was divided into four: Ⅰ:north of Guangdong, Ⅱ: northeast of Guangdong, Ⅲ: west coastal hilly area of Guangdong, and Ⅳ: east and central parts of Guangdong. Among the four regions, Ⅰ and Ⅱ are the suitable ones for T. flousiana.
Geographical Origin and Evolution of Masson Pine
QIN Guo-feng
2002, 15(4): 406-412.
Abstract:
Compared with the other pinus massoniana provenances, the P. massoniana provenance in the Sichuan Basin is just half in the number of resin canals in needle and 2 6 times higher in linear leaf type seedlings. Much fewer resin channels and more linear leaf type seedlings are the prototype in morphology. The southeastern part of Sichuan Basin is open to outside, which facilitates proliferation, evolution and multiplication of P. massoniana nationwide. The results suggest that the provenance of P. massoniana in the Sichuan Basin is a prototype of modern P. massoniana in China.
A New Polypore in China-Phellinus lonicericola
LIU Chun jing, DAI Yu cheng
2002, 15(4): 413-415.
Abstract:
A polypore species, Phellinus lonicericola Parmasto, is newly recorded in Northeast China. The fungus lives exclusively on trees of Lonicera. Its illustrated description is given according to the Chinese specimen and material from type locality.
Studies on the Structure and Dynamics of Biomass of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda Clone Population
DONG Wen yuan, HUANG Bao long, XIE Ze xuan, XIE Zhou hua, LIU Hou yuan
2002, 15(4): 416-420.
Abstract:
The biomass structure and dynamics of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda Hsueh et Yi clone population were studied at the level of community and ramets population. The results are as follows: (1) The relationship between biomass of ramets (W) and its breast height diameter (D) can be best described by the model: W=344.096 3 D -22.061 2; (2) The biomass allocations of ramets from 1 to 5 a are 31.94%, 37.01%, 13.30%, 16.24% and 1.51% respectively, while the allocations among culm, branch, leaf, root, rhizome, bamboo stump are 42.72%, 5.82%, 6.52%, 6.70%, 27.13% and 11.11% respectively; (3) The biomass increase of clone population between the stage of shoot and young bamboo follows Logistic equation. The biomass allocation to leaves, however, changes with the season, and its peak value and lowest value appear in Oct. and Feb. respectively.
Influence of Fertilization with Different Nutrient Elements on the Wood Basic Properties of Pinus massoniana in Near-Mature Forest
JIANG Xiao mei, LUO Xiu qin, YIN Ya fang, LI Yi qun, WANG Bing gen
2002, 15(4): 421-426.
Abstract:
Research was conducted on the influence of fertilization with four kinds of nutrient elements on the wood basic properties of Pinus massoniana in near mature forest. The results indicated that there were different effects on wood tracheid length, tracheid width and basic density after different fertilizer treatments in same year or in different years after same fertilizer treatment. In a word, the rule of variety wasn't marked. Results of variance analysis showed that wood tracheid length, tracheid width and basic density in all the treatments were not significantly different to the control treatment (CK). Meanwhile there were not significant correlations between the width of growth ring and tracheid shape, the width of growth ring and basic density. The experiment indicates the fertilizer treatments to near mature forest of Pinus massoniana could not only promote the tree growth but also keep the basic wood properties, even there were some slight improvements in it. This study can provide some references for the application of fertilizer treatment to Pinus massoniana in near mature forest.
Investigation of AM Fungi under Casuarina Plantations and Inoculating Experiment for Casuarina junghuhnian Seedlings
ZHONG Chong lu, GONG Ming qin, LIN Shi quan, CHEN Yu, WANG Feng zhen
2002, 15(4): 427-431.
Abstract:
The 15 species belonging to 3 families, 5 genera of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi were found in field survey under Casuarina plantations in southern China, of which there were 4 dominant species of AM fungi. In the 15 species, therer were 9 species of Glomus spp. which was 60% in the given total species, and there were 1 or 2 species of Acaullospora spp., Gigaspora spp, Scutellospora spp. and Sclerocytis spp. An inoculating experiment for Casuarina junghuhaniana seedlings was carried out in the glasshouse, with a complete randomized block design at 9 AM fungus and 1 control treatments. The results showed that AM fungi significantly improved seedling growth in height and diameter at 16 months old after inoculating, and there were differences between different AM fungus species or isolates. The isolates V9508, V9004, V9502, V9504, V9507 and V9503 are mor effective, seedlings heights icreased by 43.48% 84.78% and diameters increased by 40.00% 73.00%, compared with non inoculation treatment.
A Study on Photosynthesis of Toona sinensis and the Effect of Environmental Factors
ZHANG Yu jie
2002, 15(4): 432-436.
Abstract:
The photosynthesis of Toona sinensis and the effect of environmental factors were studied. The results show that the curve of seasonal variation of T. sinensis shows two peaks, which appear in June and August. The diurnal net photosynthesis rate varies with double peak curve. The first occurs at 9:30 and the second at 16:30 respectively. There is a significant midday depression. Non stomatal factors like the ability of leaf are the main causes of the pause. The light compensation point and light saturation point of T. sinensis leaves are 53.9 μmol.m-2.s-1 and 1 100 μmol.m-2.s-1 respectively. The optimal temperature for photosynthesis of T. sinensis leaves is 35.8 ℃.
Study on Cutting Propagation of Slash Pine×Caribbean Pine Hybrids
ZHANG Ying zhong, ZHAO Fen cheng, ZHONG Sui ying, LI Fu ming, WANG Hua nan, LIU Hong jie
2002, 15(4): 437-443.
Abstract:
Trail on softwood cutting propagation of Slash pine×Caribbean pine F1 hybrids were couducted at Taishan Hongling Seed Orchard of Guangdong Province in winter of 1999. In the experiment, five treatments, two shady awning environments and four families were used. Over 95 percent average rooting rate of the hybrids was gained in proper cutting conditions in the experiment, and the growth of rootage and shoots of rooted cutting was very well. The results indicates that the affect of environments and genetic factors is significant on rooting rate, the sum of adventitious roots and the length of shoots of each rooted cutting. the ranges of above three sides are 2.2%, 1.39, 8.65 cm in two shady awning, but the small shady awning has a longer rooting time than the large one, and the ranges are 4.2%,1.41,41.75 cm,respectively in different families. It is effective to shorten the rooting time and raise height growth of the cuttings rooted, while the cuttings are dipped into 1 g·L-1 carbendazim water solution or 50 mg·L-1 No.1 ABT rooting powder+ 1 g·L-1 carbendazim water solution for 4 7 h. At the middle and south area of Guangdong Province, cuttings are all healed in 40 d after cutting,51 73 d?84 132 d after cutting are the period of higher rooting rate in the shady awning in winter or spring.
Ten Species of Chalcidoids Reared from Bamboo Gall with Notes on One New Record Species
XU Zhi hong, HU Guo liang, JIANG Hui zhong, YE Yu zhu
2002, 15(4): 444-449.
Abstract:
Ten species of Chalcidoidea reared from bamboo gall in Zhejiang Province are described, i. e. Aiolomorphus rhopaloides Walker, Diomorus aiolomorphi Kamijo, Eupelmus urozonus Dalman, Homoporus japonicus Ashmead, Megastigmus sinensis Sheng, Norbanus aiolomorphi Yang et Wang, Ormyrus punctiger Westwood, Sycophila sp., Tetramesa bambusae Philips(new recorded from China), Tetramesa phyllostrachitis Gahan. Only Aiolomorph rhopaloides Walker, Tetramesa bambusae Philips and Tetramesa phyllostrachitis Gahan being phytophagous and harmful to bamboo by forming galls, other species could be parasitoids or inquilinous. All specimens of the species above mentioned are deposited in Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University.
2002, 15(4): 449-449.
Abstract:
A Study on Timber Physical and Mechanical Properties of New Aigeiros Clones
TONG Zai kang, YU You ming, ZHENG Yong ping
2002, 15(4): 450-456.
Abstract:
Thirty individual trees of 10 five year old fast growing, new Aigeiros clones were felled from an experimental plantation in Linhai, Zhejiang Province to make measurements on physical and mehanical properties of the timber. It is showed that the timber density of the poplar is higher than those of 10 year old Cunninghamia lanceolata and Crypotumeria fortunei growing fast in the same region, while the mechanical properties are similar among tree species, there is no significant difference among clones in timber physical properties and there is significant or most significant difference among clones in mechanical properties. It is also revealed that timber density is in close correlation with mechanical properties, while timber properties are independent of DBH. Among the clones tested, clones 367, 366, 370, 1388 and 121 are suitable to be used in the establishment of a short rotation industrial timber forest.
Study on the Water and Heat Effects of Ginkgo-Wheat Inter-cropping
ZHANG Jin song, SONG Zhao min, MENG Ping, XIN Xue bing, LU Guang ming
2002, 15(4): 457-462.
Abstract:
The effects of ginkgo wheat inter cropping on heat of daytime and field water were studied in the Huang Huai Hai Plain. Comparing with the sole wheat field(CK), the results showed that:(1) during the wheat filling maturity stage, the total solar radiation flux decreased by 7.6% in a clear daytime, and there was no significant difference between the inter cropping and CK in the overcast daytime; the net radiation flux increased by 5.6% in a clear daytime, and decreased by 1.9% in a overcast daytime; the latent heat flux decreased by 6.8% in a clear daytime, and there was no significant difference between the inter cropping and CK in a overcast daytime; the sensible heat flux decreased by 52.6%,11.1% in a clear and overcast daytime respectively; the soil heat flux increased by 21.8% in a clear daytime, and decreased by 25.0% in a overcast daytime. (2) during the jointing maturity stage, the daily transpiration decreased by 18.3%; the water consumption proportion through transpiration of wheat to ginkgo was 10.9 in actual land area; the soil water capacity in 0 100 cm increased by 6.84%; the water utilization efficiency of wheat leaf increased by 4.0 %.
Studies on the Establishment and Control Techniques of Mixed Forest of Casuarina equisetifolia and Pinus elliottii in Coast Zone
YE Gong fu
2002, 15(4): 463-468.
Abstract:
Since 1992, on the basis of the mixed forest of Casuarina equisetifolia with Pinus elliottii, which was afforested in coastal sandy site in Chishan Forest Farm of Dongshan County, Fujian Province, the inter specific relation and structural proportion of species were regulated by thinning in row. By analyzing the change of two species in height, diameter, and single plant volume after one year of the regulation. It is showed that the new model is 2 3 rows of Casuarina equisetifolia mixed with over 3 rows of Pinus elliottii, thus formes such disposition: wide row space of inter species, and close plant space in the same specie, which is benefit to the inter specific relation and the tree growth. Therefore, it is suitable to use this method to regulate the inter specific relation in multi species mixed forest.
Study on the Growth Pattern of the Azadirachta indica Young Plantation
PENG Xing min, LAI Yong qi, ZHANG Yan ping, ZHAO Bao rong, ZHAO Pei xian
2002, 15(4): 469-473.
Abstract:
Annual growth rhythm, growth pattern of height and caliper of young trees of Azadirachta indica were studied. The results indicates that the annual sprouting period can be divided into 3 stage: spring phase (from February to April), summer phase (from June to August) and autumn phase (October). According to the growth dynamic of height and caliper, the young trees grows rapidly in the first year after being planted, growing slowly in the second year, and then growing evenly in the third to seventh year. The annual growth patterns of height and caliper showe that the growing period is 6 months (from April to October), and begin to grow rapidly from May to October. The height growth in two months (July and August) reaches 62.1% of the year's total. Correlativity of the monthly mean temperature to the growth of height and caliper, and rainfall to the growth of height are striking. The temperature has more important effect on the height growth than the rainfall. The survival percentage of young neem plantation is very high. 53.3% of trees fruited among 2 years plantation and 93.1% of them fruited in 4 years plantation.
A Study on the Tissue Culture of Tara (Caesalpinia spinosa Kuntze)
LI Zhi guo, WU Hao, YANG Wen yun, XIA Ding jiu
2002, 15(4): 474-478.
Abstract:
Tara, Caesalpina spinosa Kuntze,distributing naturally in South America,is mainly distributed in the valley area in the middle of the east Andes and in the seashore desert along the Pacific Ocean. The plant was successfully introduced to the xerothermic and semi xerothermic valleys of Yunnan province, China in 1991. This paper deals with the technique of tissue culture of tara. There is rich tannin in tara explant because its tissue culture is very difficulty. Using tender stem, stem needle, leaf or leafstalk act as explant cultivate callus mass to cultivate callus mass and to use MS+BA 1.5 mg·L-1 + cane sugar 30 g·L-1 + gagaragar 5.7 g·L-1 act as sprout polarization culture medium, the percentage of callus mass to sprout is only 50%. Using 1/2 MS+BA 0.1 mg·L-1 +cane sugar 20 g·L-1 + gagaragar 5.7 g·L-1 and MS+BA 1.5 mg·L-1 +IAA 0.2 mg·L-1 + casein 1.5 g·L-1 + cane sugar 30 g·L-1 + gagaragar 5.7 g·L-1 act as culture medium to culture asepsis young seedling 10 days and to culture callus mass about 20 days respectively,there are 79% callus mass that come from hypocotyl can be grows bud plantlets. To culture asepsis bud plantlet about 20 days, Using 1/2 MS+ NAA 3.0 mg·L-1 + IAA 1.0 mg·L-1 + KT 0.5 mg·L-1 + cane sugar 15 g·L-1 + gagaragar 5.7 g·L-1 act as growing root culture medium, the cent of growing root bud plantlet is 76% after 15 days. The experiment condition is that illumination is 2 000 2 500 lx and the temperature is 25-29 ℃.
Organic Polymer Materials Applied in Desertification Control
LI Jian fa, SONG Zhan qian
2002, 15(4): 479-483.
Abstract:
The major polymer materials used in desertification control are introduced, and feasibilities and problems regarding their application in stabilizing sandy soils and absorbing and holding water are discussed. The directions of developing new sandy soil amendment materials are put forward.
The Prospects of the Phage Display Technique in the Control of Longicorn Beetles
CHEN Min, ZHANG Zhi yi, LU Meng zhu
2002, 15(4): 484-489.
Abstract:
The current status and development of phage display technique are described and the potential application of this technique to control longhorn beetles is outlined based on the analysis of the constraints in the pest management at present in China.
Disturbance and Forest Regeneration
LIANG Jian ping, WANG Ai min, LIANG Sheng fa
2002, 15(4): 490-498.
Abstract:
Disturbances play a major role in forest ecosystem dynamics since they can kill vegetation and release growing space, making it available for other species to occupy. They have a profound effect on forest development due to their great influences on physical environment, which, in return, can cause temporal and spatial variation of stand component and stand structure. After disturbances, forests may performance different responses. In spite of complex, general patterns of these responses can be divided into two broad groups: reorganization of vegetation and establishment of vegetation through regeneration, by different sexual and asexual mechanisms, before or after disturbances, along a gradient of disturbances. So regeneration, as an important ecological process, can not be separated from different kinds of disturbances which include both natural disturbance and human disturbance. This paper introduced the researches about disturbance and regeneration published in recent years. The responses of forest to disturbance, differently in frequency, magnitude and spatial extent were discussed. More attentions were paid on the following aspects: disturbance and regeneration mechanisms, relationship between disturbance and spatial pattern of regeneration, the influence of disturbance on regeneration cycles, on seed disperse and seedling establishment.
Study on Inter-antagonism of Host Tree-inhabiting Bacterium Populations of Poplar Ice Nucleation Active(INA) Bacterial Canker
CHI Yu jie, ZOU Li, ZHAO Ke yan
2002, 15(4): 499-502.
Abstract:
Replica platings among 9 species bacteria isolating from the stems, branches and leaves of poplar infected by INA bacterial canker were made.They are the pathogen Pantoea agglomerans, 7 species of Bacillus, and Pseudomonas syringa. Results showed that the majority of poplar inhabiting bacteria are interspecific symbiont, the minority have antagonistic action in interspecies. It provided basic studies for further explore the roles of the poplar inhabiting bacteria in natural contracting of poplar bacterial canker, and also further select antagonistic microbe for effective biocontrol to poplar bacterial canker.
Bionomics of Lepidosaphes pineti and Its Control
SONG Jian ying
2002, 15(4): 503-505.
Abstract:
Lepidosaphes pineti Borchesnius is a serious pest of pine tree. The pest is sexual dimirphism, one or two generations per year in Nanping, Fujian and overwinters as the second instar larval or fertilized adult. Its alternation of generation is very serious. The best time to control it is the period of the newly emerged nymph (late May and mid July). The effective insecticides are 20% methidathion by 1:700, 40% fenvalerate by 1:3 000 and so on. The pest has many kinds of natural enemies such as Fusarium coccophilum, Aphytis lingnanensis, Encarsia citrina and so on which should be protected.