• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2003 Vol. 16, No. 1

Display Method:
Study on Integrated Selection of Provenances-families of Eucalytus tereticornis
XU Jian-min, LU Zhao-hua, Li Guang-you, BAI Jia-yu
2003, 16(1): 1-7.
Abstract:
The analyzsis results of Eucalyptus tereticornis provenance/famlies trial involving 100 families within 14 provenances showed that there were highly significant differences among growth and other characters at family and provenance level. Correlation between growth and form quality characters were significant excepting Br. Heritability of families was stronger than individual heritability. At the age of 7, H, DBH and SV of the best provenance 13659 was 1.27, 1.32 and 2.14 times of the worst provenance 13308 respectively. Mean individual volume of the best family No.17 with 0.061 34 m3 was 3.612 5 times of the worst family No. 33 and 1.744 6 times of the average of total families by comparison. Using index selection of multiple characters, 22 superior families were selected from 100 families population tested, and the genetic gain of height, DBH, SV, CBH, SF and Br of those superior families will be reached as high as 7.31%, 6.39%, 18.01%, 13.77%, 8.22% and 5.36% respectively.
Studies on Modelling Direct Solar Radiation in a GIS Environment
XIE Yang-sheng, TANG Xiao-ming, HUANG Shui-sheng
2003, 16(1): 8-12.
Abstract:
Clear sky solar radiation varies in response to latitude,elevation, surface gradient (slope) and orientation (aspect), as well as position relative to neighbouring surfaces. This paper presents a model for estimating daily direct solar radiation. The model is based on technology and theory of GIS, using DEM to caculate slope, aspect and shading. Compared with measured radiation in the south of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the results of the model is in a high degree of accuracy and can be used in the fields of forestry, ecology, biology and agriculture.
Wood-decaying Fungi on Poplars in Northeastern China
DAI Yu-cheng, FAN Shao-hui, WEI Yu-lian, XU Mei-qing
2003, 16(1): 13-18.
Abstract:
Wood decaying fungi of Basidiomycota on poplars were investigated in Northeastern China, and 121 species were recorded. Most of them occur on fallen trunks or rotten wood; majority of them cause white rot, minor species cause brown rot. Funalia trogii (Berk.) Bondartsev Singer and Trametes ochracea (Pers.) Gilb. Ryvarden etc. are the common species in forest plantations and garden trees of poplar. Oxyporus sinensis X.L. Zeng and Phellinus vaninii Ljub. Etc. were only found in virgin forests, and they are the rare or threathened species. Inonotus rheades (Pers.) Bondartsev Singer and Antrodia leucaena Y. C. Dai etc. were recoreded on poplars only. Phellinus tremulae (Bondartsev) Bondartsev Borisov and Ganoderma lipsiense (Batsch) G.F. Atk etc. are the pathogens of poplars.
Studies on Resources of Cry-type Genes of Bacillus thuringie-nsis from Different Soil of Forest Site Zone in China
ZHANG Yong-an, SONG Fu-ping, DAI Lian-yun, ZHANG Jie, LI Chang-you
2003, 16(1): 19-25.
Abstract:
cry genes, express protein and bioassay of 72 isolations of Bacillus thuringiensis from different forest site zones(cool temperate zone, temperate zone, warm temperate zone, north subtropical zone, subtropical zone, south subtropical zone, high plateau subtropical zone, tropical zone) in China were analyzed by the methods of PCR RFLP and SDS PAGE. The results showed that 21 strains contained three cry type genes: cry1, cry1 and cry1; 6 strains contained both cry1 and cry1 genes, 4 strains contained both cry1 and cry1I type genes; 1 strain contained cry1 type gene, 4 strains contained cry1 type gene, 36 strains did not contain the ten cry type genes. Most cry1 genes encoded 130 kD protein that is toxic to Lepidopteron pest, and most cry1 gene encoded 60 kD protein. The isolates of containing cry1Aa, cry1Ac and cry1A type genes had higher toxicity to Helicoverpe armigera, Clostera anachoreta, Lymantria dispar, Dendrolimus punctatus larvae, but isolations of containing one or no cry gene had low toxicity to these pests.
Tabu Search and Its Application in Sustainable Forest Management
CHEN Bo-wang, HUI Gang-ying, Klaus von Gadow
2003, 16(1): 26-31.
Abstract:
The principle and methods of a new and high efficient heuristic method, Tabu search (TS),is introduced in this paper with a optimization example of forest harvesting problem of Chinese fir. The results of Tabu search are compared with those of linear programming(LP), simulated annealing (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA). It is indicated that Tabu search is of high efficiency in resolving general forest harvesting problems, especially when the number of neighbourhood generated by move is limited and the variation among them is great. Its objective function values are higher than those of simulated annealing and genetic algorithm from multiple running. Tabu tenure has no significant influence on Tabu search efficiency while a good move method and sort method are essential to Tabu search.
Investigation on Species of Natural Enemies from Natural Population of Ericerus pela (Chavannes) and Their Damage in Kunming
ZHAO Jie-jun, WANG Zi-li, YE Shou-de, WANG Shao-yun, CHEN Yong, CHEN Xiao-ming
2003, 16(1): 32-38.
Abstract:
Damage and species of natural enemies of the White Wax Insect, Ericerus pela (Chavannes) were surveyed in Kunming of Yunnan Province. The results show that the total of species are 17 which belong to 12 genera,6 families,2 orders, of which 4 species are dominant natural enemies,i.e. Metaphycus ericeri Xu et Jiang, Microterys sinicus Jiang, Microterys ericeri Ishii and Chilocorus rubidus Hope. Under the artificial breeding condition,their damage rates are 11.0%,35.0%,13.6% and 11.6% respectively. Chilocorus septempunctata L. and Lexis axyridis (Pallas) have been recorded as the most important natural enemies of the white wax insect. The bag of polyamide fiber, which used to cultivate brood insects of Ericerus pela, was used to control the continous damage of Anthribinus lajievorus Chao, and the maximal damage rate was only 2% in Kunming area.
A Study on the Biomass Variance and Comprehensive Evaluation at the Seedling Stage of Fokienia hodginsii Provenances
YANG Zong-wu, ZHENG Ren-hua, HOU Bo-xin, ZENG Zhi-guang, CHENG Zheng-hong, XIAO Xiang-xi
2003, 16(1): 39-44.
Abstract:
The first provenance test at seedling stage was carried out at Dongxing Nursery in Yongtai County,Fujian Province and at the Center of Science and Technology in Ningyuan County,Hunan Province in 1997 with the seeds of 16 provenance collected from the whole distribution area of fokienia hodginsii in 1996. Seedling biomass at the first year and relative traits were observed and the relationship among traits was analyzed. The results are as follows:(1)there was very significant difference on the seedling biomass among provenances which was mainly controlled by genetic factors and related to geographic factors in original regions of different provenances and varied gradually with latitude; (2)there was extreme significant correlation between different traits of seedling biomass; (3)two superior provenances——Fujian Longyan and Fujian Xianyou were tentatively selected in Young Tai Nursery and two superior provenances——Fujian Longyan and Hunan Daoxian were also tentatively selected in Ningyuan Nursery with comprehensive index selection.
Study on Cultivation of a High-Yielding Masson Pine Pulp Stand and Analysis on Its Economic Benefits
QIN Guo-feng, WANG Jin-shang, ZHANG Li-yao, LIN Rui-rong, ZHENG Zhao-fei, CHEN Bing-xing
2003, 16(1): 45-51.
Abstract:
A pulp stand of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) with a area of 136.7 hectares was established in Nanping of Fujian Province in 1997-1998. Five years after planting, the increment, biomass, wood property, wood chemical components and its pulping property were tested. The results showed that the average volume of the stand was 14.88 m3·hm-2, which was 117.86% higher than that of the CK or 396% higher than the standard issued by State Forestry Administration. The biomass was 31.1% higher than the CK, and the biomass of stem was as high as 70.4%. Compared with the CK, the pulp stand was characterized by higher α cellulose content, lower lignin content, slenderer fiber and higher ratio of length to width. The wood obtained had heavier wood basic volume weight and higher tensile, burst and tear strength of paper. The average input per hectare of pulp stand was 13 694 RMB yuan. The NPV was 8 732 RMB yuan based on the I of 12% and the IRR was 18.2%.
A Study of Mycorrhizal Synthesis Effect of Tuber melanosporum on Seedlings
GONG Ming-qin, CHEN Yu, WANG Feng-zhen
2003, 16(1): 52-57.
Abstract:
Mycorrhizal seedlings are the basis of mycorrhizal synthesis of Tuber melanosporum on the trees roots in the soil. Four species of seedlings were inoculated by using 1-4 mL liquid inoculum of T.melanosporum. After 90 days, the percentages of mycorrhizal infection were 94.4%100%. The mycorrhizas had four forms, in which the coral form was the most common, followed by the stick and bifurcate forms, while the spherical form was the least. But the proportion of each mycorrhizal form was different on various tree species. After inoculation, the height of seedlings of Pinus yunnanensis with T. melanosporum was increased by 76.67%-131.74%, the mean dry weight was increased by 162%-217%. The seedlings with 4 mL liquid inoculum performed better. The results of media experiment with different pH values showed that the pH 6.5-7.0 had higher inoculation rate and biomass increment as well as better seedling growth.
Study on Chemically Regulating the Sex Differentiationin Twin Seed Orchard of Chinese Fir
QI Ming, WANG Shi-ping, WENG Chun-mei
2003, 16(1): 58-62.
Abstract:
A series of chemical regulation experiments about sex differentiation were carried out in twin seed orchard of 11 year old Chinese fir. The main objective is to provided scientific guidances for production and management of twin seed orchard.The results of two section experiments are as follows. Experiment I: it was conducted from June 20 to Auguest 20 ,1999. Branches and leaves spraying was used,3 or 6 times. The results showed that: treatment 2 (40 mg·L-1NAA+200 mg·L-1GA3+100 mg·L-1 H3BO3)can induce to produce more female cones. But treatment 5 (400 mg·L-1GA3+100 mg·L-1H3BO3) and treatment 6 (3.8 g·L-1 TDS) can induce to produce more male cones. Experiment II: it was conducted from June 20 to July 25, 2000. Stem injection method was used up to 5 times. Treatment 3 (5 mg·mL-1GA3+2.0 mg·mL-1 NAA+10g·L-1P+5g·L-1Bo) was the best for inducing to produce not only female cones but also male cones.
Research on Climate Ecological Effect Evaluation of Regional Protection Forest System in Wulanbuhe Desert
CHEN Bing-hao, HAO Yu-guang, CHEN Yong-fu
2003, 16(1): 63-68.
Abstract:
Purpose of this article is to evaluate the climatic and ecological effects of protection forest in surrounding green land area of west Wulanbuhe Desert in Inner Mongolia, analyze change tendency of climatic and ecological effects with forest cover rate change during prior, first and second phases to construction of the "Three North" protection forest. The results show that (1) change of protection forest influence calamity climatic factor (wind speed, gale days, raising sand days, and sand storm days). Protective forest produce protective screen effect. (2) change of protection forest can't influence routine climatic factor (temperature, humidity, precipitation, continue dry days, and frost season), because those climatic factors are control mainly by atmospheric circulation.
Impacts of Adult Feeding Materials on the Life Span of Monochamus alternatus
LIN Chang-chun, LU Gao, ZHOU Cheng-mei, ZHAO Jin-nian
2003, 16(1): 69-74.
Abstract:
To investigate the impacts of feeding materials on the adult life span of Monochamus alternatus, major vector of the fatal disease PWN, adult pine sawyers were reared with four kinds of feeding materials, namely mixed twigs, current year twig, two year old twig and three year old twig in Xiangshan, Zhejiang Province in 2001 Results showed that the Japanese pine sawyer fed with mixed twigs got the longest average life span When reared with non selective twigs, the average life span shortened sharply with age of feeding twigs The changes of life span were highly related with the feeding behaviors Calculated as per beetle, current year twig got the largest feeding volume, which was remarkably bigger than those of two year twig and three year twig Calculated as per beetle per day, current year twig also got the biggest figure and remarkably larger than those of two year twig and three year twig However, feeding volume of mixed twigs was not remarkably different with any of the single year old twigs, which meant that when fed with single year old twig, the pine sawyer increased its feeding volume Feeding volumes of different year old twigs in the mixed twigs rearing showed that current year twig was the dominant feeding materials.
The Biological Characters of Azadirachta indica and Result of Introduction and Cultural Trail
PENG Xing-min, ZHANG Yan-ping, LAI Yong-qi, ZHAO Bao-rong, ZHAO Pei-xian
2003, 16(1): 75-80.
Abstract:
This is a brief description of the morphological characters. The ecological adaptabilities and the economical characters of three provenances of Azadirachta indica from different rainfall level have been studied: (1) Phonological phases are distinct; (2) The difference of some growth indexes such as survival rate, biomass, the number of branches with fruits and the ratio of genital branches to the total branches are remarkable; (3) The content of azadiractin in the seeds of three provenances are above 0.4%. According to the ecological adaptability and economical characters of trees, two of the three provenances from arid and semi arid regions excell than the provenance from humid region.
Effect of Initial Planting Spacing on the Growth of Betula alnoides
ZHENG Hai-shui, LI Ming, WANG Bing-gen, FENG Yi-qian
2003, 16(1): 81-86.
Abstract:
A spacing trial for Betula alnoides was established in Daqingshan, Guangxi. The results showed that spacing has no considerable impact on height growth while remarkably negative impact on diameter growth. The difference of mean DBH between 3 m×3 m and 1.5 m×2.0 m is 2.88 cm. The growth increment of tree with spacing 3 m × 3 m is 32.3% higher than that with the spacing 1.5 m×2.0 m, 28.4% of 2 m×2 m, and 11.6% of 2 m×3 m. The volume increment of single tree was negatively correlated to the planting spacing which followed the formula of ax-b. The stock volume was positively correlated to planting spacing. The stock volume of these four planting spacing tend to be of less difference with time going.
Advances of Genetic Transformation of Turf Grass
ZHANG Jun-wei, BAO Man-zhu, SUN Zhen-yuan
2003, 16(1): 87-94.
Abstract:
The advances of techniques of plant regeneration and genetic transformation were reviewed in this paper. Plant regeneration system of the species of genus Lolium, Poa, Zoysia, Agrostis and Festuca were established by means of solid medium culture,suspension culture,and protoplast suspension culture. Based upon the established regeneration systems,the genetic transformation system of those species were also established by means of silicon carbide fibre,PEG,electroporation and microprojectile bombardment methods.
Genetic Engineering of Forest Trees
SU Xiao-hua, ZHANG Bing-yu, HUANG Lie-jian, HUANG Qin-jun, ZHANG Xiang-hua
2003, 16(1): 95-103.
Abstract:
This review summarizes the research advance in genetic transformation of forest trees, including the following aspects: insect resistance, disease resistance, herbicide resistance, modification of reproductive development, abiotic stresses, wood property improvement and the status of release and application of transgenic trees. Meanwhile, the general situation of basic research in transgenic forest trees are also reviewed. The problems and future prospects in genetic transformation of forest trees are discussed.
Research Advances on Dipterocarpaceae Mycorrhizas
SHI Zhao-yong, CHEN Ying-long, LIU Run-jin
2003, 16(1): 104-109.
Abstract:
Dipterocarpeae plants are of great importance in ecosystem of tropical rain forests, which have been shown to be obligatory mycorrhizal. Most studies confirm that dipterocarps are ectomycorrhizal, while certain previous work and the recent field survey has proved that these plants are also capable of forming arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) associations. This paper summarises the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in Dipterocarpeae forests and the effects of inoculation on host saplings. Research impediments and priorities are recognized, and prospective for applying mycorrhizal technology in dipterocarp plantations is discussed.
Progress of Hybrid Breeding of Pinus caribaea and Strategy for Future Development
ZHENG Yong-qi
2003, 16(1): 110-116.
Abstract:
This paper reviews the hybrid breeding activities of Pinus caribaea that have been carried out in China up to date and proposes the strategy for future development of hybrid pine. Pinus caribaea, including 3 varieties of var. caribaea, var. hondurensis and var. bahamensis, is an important softwood species for pulp and timber in the tropics of China. Hybrid breeding of the species started in the later 1970s. Analysis of a 15 year old trial of Pcc×Pee hybrids established in 1981 showed that volume of the best hybrids was as large as 1.66-2.88 times of the parental species while the average basic wood density and fiber length were between the two parental species. In the early 1990s, more trials were established in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan Provinces. The Australian hybrid used as control grew fastest but was more susceptive to wind break. A 2.5 year old trial established in Zhanjiang showed that the hybrids of P. elliottii×P. caribaea var. hondurensis and P.caribaea var. caribaea×P. caribaea var. bahamensis displayed superior growth over hybrid of P. elliottii×P. caribaea var. caribaea and P. caribaea var. hondurensis×P. caribaea var. caribaea. The germination rates (averaged less than 30%) of the hybrid seeds were low and variable among families. The results from a trial at Taishan showed that height and volume increases were 35.8% and 244.6% for Pee×Pch and 40.8% and 210.9% for Pee×Pcc respectively. Analysis of combining abilities was conducted. Australian hybrids of Pee×Pch including both F1 and F2 hybrid seeds were imported and introduced to Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Jiangxi for pilot trials. Although the superiority of the F2 hybrid was not as high as that of the F1, the average growth was still better than that of the local seed sources. Studies of vegetative propagation by cuttings revealed that the rooting rates could reach above 85% although they were highly variable among families. More crosses of Pee×Pcb need to be tested in future.
Research on the Populations Variation of Alnus cremastogyneI. DNA Extracting and Protocol Optimum for PCR
ZHUO Ren-ying, MENG Xian-dong, CHEN Yi-tai
2003, 16(1): 117-122.
Abstract:
Taking China's endemic tree species Alnus cremastogyne and other 5 Alnus species as test materials, the DNA extraction of genome and the amplification of PCR were studied. Two methods were tested, i.e. freezing treatment+5% CTAB and liquid nityrogen+5% CTAB. It is proved that the optimum PCR program is as follows: pre denaturating under 94 ℃ for 3 min., denaturating under 94 ℃ for 18 seconds, annealing under 36 ℃ for 80 seconds and extending under 72 ℃ for 120 seconds. After 40 cycles, the sample is reacted for 10 minutes under 72 ℃. PCR system includes buffer 2.5 μL, d NTP 2.5 μL, primer (s60+s155) 2 mmol·L -1, Mg2+ 3.0 mmol·L -1, Tap enzyme 1 U, DNA 40 mg, then adding ddH2O to 20 μL. This study may provide some references for the application of RAPD technique in genetic research of alder tree species.