• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2003 Vol. 16, No. 3

Display Method:
Study on in vitro Rapid Propagation of the Hybrid of Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamus latiflorus No.7
ZHANG Guang-chu, WANG Yu-xia
2003, 16(3): 245-253.
Abstract:
Systematic research was taken on in vitro rapid propagation of the hybrid of 28 year old (Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamus latiflorus)No.7 The results are as follows:(1) Both reducing the salt concentration of MS medium and raising BA(6-Benzyl aminopurine) consistency favor the forming of clumping shoots; (2) In 9 sets of mediums for shoot proliferation, which were designed according to the diagonal intersection, the difference of shoot increase rate is not notable, the growth capacity of shoots differs near 4 times and in all the formula, if with the same BA concentration, the growth condition of the plantlets is better with KT(Kinetin) than that without KT in medium, which indicates that KT has an improving function on shoot growth; (3) The medium of 3/4 MS+BA 2mg·L-1+KT 1.25mg·L-1is fit to shoot proliferation; (4) New shoots are easy to root, culturing shoots in rooting medium for 20~30 days and then in proliferating medium for 5~7 days can make new shoots come up synchronously, the new shoots are cultured in rooting medium again and the rooting rate can achieve 78.2%. In this way the problem of shoot dying in rooting medium is solved. Following the experience mentioned above, many species such as Dendrocalmus minor var. amoen and Dendroclamus asper ect.(all are more than 30 years old) have been succefully cultured.
Study on Experimental Population of Cochineal Insect(D.confusus(Cockerell))
ZHANG Zhong-he, YANG Xun-zhang, WANG Zi-li, XU Long-feng, SHI Lei, CHEN Xiao-ming
2003, 16(3): 254-261.
Abstract:
A study on the population dynamics of cochineal insect in the lab is carried out by using artificial climate cases The method is to set 8 kinds of combinations of temperature, humidity and light according to orthogonal design and then establish the life tables of the insect The temperature has four levels:15, 20, 25 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the relative humidity has two levels: 60% and 80%, while the light also has two levels: 980 lx and 60 lx Through observations and analysis of several generations, the results indicate that the cochineal insect cannot finish generations under 15 ℃ associated conditions, while at associated conditions of temperatures 20、25、30 ℃, the insect can finish generations, but comparing from the amount of eggs, generation inclination indexes and the sizes of the female adults, 25 ℃ associated conditions are the best The results also indicate that average hatching percentage of egg is about 50 and the survival percentage is probably 70 at 20~30℃, and that the number of females is more than that of the males in the cochineal populations,environmental factors have large effect on the sex ratio of the cochineal insect and the generation inclination index usually surpasses 20 The development starting point temperature of the insect is 90 ℃, and effective accumulated temperature of one generation is 822.9 day degrees The results of multifactor analysis of variance show that temperature is the most remarkable factor to affect development of the insect
Study on Ecto-endomycorrohizae Associated by Pisolithus tinctorius with Pine
ZHENG Lai-you, LI Wen-tian, CHENG Xiao-fei, HUA Xiao-mei
2003, 16(3): 262-268.
Abstract:
Tissue culture technique, paper sandwich mycorrhization technique and root truncating cultivation with mycorrhiza in nursery were used to make Pisolithus tinctorius RG310 and RG49 to form endo ectotrophic mycrrhiza on Pinus massoniana, P.taeda and P.elliottii. There are differences in the process and type of mycorrhiza formation among different mycorrhization techniques above mentioned. By using the tissue culture mycorrhization technique, the mantle formed in the third or fourth day after the fungi got in touch with the roots, and began to form Hartig net on the eighth day,the hyphae entered the cortical cells on the 18th day, the inoculation intensity increased with the time extension, the Hartig net formed from the single line hyphae to multi lines hyphae. The paper sandwich myorrhization technique was used to promote the colonization of mycorrhizal fungi,shorten the inoculation process and accelerate the mycorrhiza formation. Cutting the surface wound is taken as the main way, which enlarged the MIZ inside outside the root and transformed the inoculation procedure.The colonization and inoculation occurred at the same time, the mantle, Hartig net and hyphae inside cells formed nearly at the same time. A new mycorrhiza type-ecto endomycorrhizae formed only within 25 hours and the hyphae entered not only the cortical cells but also the pith. THe root truncating cultivation with mycorrhiza in nursery could also form ento endomycorrhiza, but the hyphae could not enter the root tissue inside enodermis. Based on reasearch, the hypothesis "mycorrhiza type" is put forward, i.e. the mycorrhiza type formed by trees varies not only with the species of fungi and tree,but also with the mycorrhization techniques, ecological conditions etc.
Genetic Diversity of Allozymes of Quercus mongolica in China
LI Wen-ying, GU Wan-chun
2003, 16(3): 269-276.
Abstract:
A gel electrophoresis method was used to study the genetic diversity of eight Quercus mongolica populations located at Daxing′anling, Jiayin, Shuangyashan, Xiaoxing′anling Mountains of Heilongjiang Province, Jiaohe of Jilin Province, Kuandian of Liaoning Province,Daqinggou of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Wulingshan, Zanhuang of Hebei Province, and one Quercus liaotungensis (a variety of Q. mongolica) population at Donglingshan of Beijing. Twelve of 22 loci from 13 enzymes assayed were polymorphic. Quercus mongolica maintained low level of genetic variation as compared with the average Quercus species. At species level, the mean number of alleles per locus A was 1.905, thepercentage of polymorphic loci P was 52.38%, and the observed heterozygosity Ho was 0.092 At population level, the estimates were A=1.421, P=28.976%,and Ho=0.088 Genetic differentiation Gst was high among populations, Gst was 0.107, and the means of genetic distance 0.012 1 The Nei' s genetic identity ranged from 0.974~1.00 The gene flow was 2.079 9 In contrast, the estimates for Quercus liaotungensis were almost the same (A=1.5, P=36.36%, Ho=0.070).According to the UPGMA cluster analysis based on the genetic distance, 4 populations located in northeast and 2 populations in southwest of the geographical distribution are classified into 2 sub groups in separate, there was no clear relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance among populations. The low level of genetic diversity of Quercus mongolica might related to the long term utilization as economic tree species in history, comparatively serious disturbance and damage by human beings, and secondary forests of most the existed stands.
Progeny Test for the Open-pollinated Families of Eucalyptus urophylla in Multiple Sites
XU Jian-min, LI Guang-you, LU Zhao-hua, BAI Jia-yu, LU Guo-huan, WANG Shang-ming
2003, 16(3): 277-283.
Abstract:
Eighty one families of Eucalyptus urophylla involved in a five site progeny test were analyzed on their growth traits at the age of 3 The increments of tree height, dbh and volume were found to be extremely significant different among families, sites and the effect of family with site interaction. Six excellent families were selected for different afforestation sites, and 5 superior families respectively for Danzhou of Hainan Island, Leizhou, Xinhui, Heyuan, Raoping of Guangdong Province. The results of test provided a basis for directional seed supply and rouging seed orchard. With the selection rate above mentioned, when the seed from superior families were collected for suitable afforestation area,the genetic gain of growth volume was estimated to be 3.37%~10.57%, if the seed orchard was rouged and these superior families was preserved, the genetic gain of volume would be doubled, amount to be 6.74%~21.14%.
Studies on the Varieties and Pathogenic Ability of the Pathogenic Fungi of Chinese Chestnut Seed in Different Production Areas of China
LIANG Li-song, WANG Gui-xi
2003, 16(3): 284-288.
Abstract:
One hundred forty six isolates were obtained from samples of Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) collected from eight different production areas in Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi. They were designated as 11 genera, and the pathogenic ability of 6 popularly distributed genera of 11 was studied through reinoculation experiment. The results showed that the natural fungal flora in chestnut seeds were different among different production areas. The most popularly distributed fungi are Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Dothiorella sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. Reinoculation experiment of several predominant fungi reflected that the pathogenic ability among different fungi has great diversity. At the same condition, the degree of a disease caused by Rhizoctoria sp. was the most deeply and the pathogenic ability was the strongest while the pathogenic ability of Penicillium sp. was the weakest among these 6 predominant fungi. The effect on the rot of the flesh of chestnut seeds was very different in different methods of inoculation. The incidence of a disease inoculated the flesh was higher than any other ways of inoculation and reached more than 90%. But the flesh did not rot by inoculating the peel of chestnut seeds, or rolling the whole sound seeds in the suspended solution of spores. From the reinoculation experiment by using a single fungus we can see that the characteristic of rotted spot caused by different pathogen microbe has great diversity.
Study on the Diversity of Medical Plant Species in Qingyunshan Scenic Area
LIN Dao-qing
2003, 16(3): 289-292.
Abstract:
The botanical resources in Qingyunshan scenic area were investigated.The habit characteristics,the organs for medical use,medical function,rare and endangered species of wild medical plant and the relationship between the diversity of medical plant and vegetation type in the area were studied.The results show that Qingyunshan is rich in wild medical plant species,habit characteristics and diversified medical plant organ.The general trend of plant species diversity follows the pattern of coniferous grovevalley rainforestbushbamboo grovemountain laurel forest,while that of the individual species richness follows the pattern of bushconiferous forestmountain laurel forestbamboo grovevalley rainforest.
The Variation of Main Properties of Different Eucalyptus Clones and the Synthetical Evaluation
MO Xiao-yong, PENG Shi-yao, LONG Teng, CHEN Wen-ping, YANG Xiao-hong
2003, 16(3): 293-298.
Abstract:
The several main properties of 27 three years old clone of eucalyptus were investigated, which were related to the yield. In the process of analyzing the different properties which influence the yield, some methods were used, such as comparison, variontion analysis and relationship analysis. The results showed that there was relationship between the yield and the main properties; there are significant difference and genetic relation among the properties, such as Height and DBH; DBH is the properties which most closely related to the yield, with the index of stem form and unlimited index choose method, the synthetical properties of respect clone were evaluated and excellent clones such as EC1 CH3 CH1 was picked out.
Response of Linzhi Spruce' s Net Photosynthetic Rate to Environmental Factors in Tibet
XIAO Wen-fa, HAN Jing-jun, GUO Zhi-hua, GUO Quan-shui, ZHENG Wei-lie, LUO Da-qing
2003, 16(3): 299-305.
Abstract:
The daily change of net photosynthetic rate(NPR) and its response to environment factors such as quantum radiation, relative humidity and CO2 concentration of Linzhi spruce(Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis) was monitored with a portable photosynthesis system. It is showed that the maximal NPR happened at 11:00, then the rate decreased and down below zero at about 19:00 in which Linzhi spruce entered dark respiration. NPR of top and outlayer needles on tree' s crown is bigger than that of the lower part needles due to sunlight. On the lower part of tree crown, southern needle' s NPR is higher than the northern. However, no difference was presented of NPR of southern and northern needles on the top of the tree crown. Under the conditions of air temperature 20℃, relative humidity 70%±5% and CO2 concentration 305mg·kg-1, the light compensation point of Linzhi spruce is 107.5 μmol·m-2·s-1and its light saturation point is 770 μmol·m-2·s-1. As increasing the light density to 800 μmol·m-2·s-1, the CO2 compensation point is 157.2 mg·kg-1and the CO2 saturation point is 3 811.33 mg·kg-1.
Study on the Natural Regeneration of Mangrove Species Sonneratia caseolaris
CHEN Yu-jun, ZHENG Song-fa, LIAO Bao-wen, ZHENG De-zhang, SONG Xiang-yu, ZAN Qi-jie
2003, 16(3): 306-311.
Abstract:
Sonneratia caseolaris is one of the mangrove species distributed originally in Hainan Island. It was introduced to Shenzhen Bay in 1994, and regeneration appeared in 1999 The research showed that there appeared seedlings within both sonneratia caseolaris plantation and natural mangrove forests, and on exposed tidal flat as well. Of all the sampling plots, the regeneration frequency was up to 45.0%, the density of seedlings was 69 per square meter at most, and the dispersal distance of seedlings amounted to 90 meters at least. Plenty of seeds and warm climate were the premise of regeneration of sonneratia caseolaris, and the temperature of winter was the key factor to determine the success of regeneration. The concrete settlement sites and numbers of regenerated seedlings were closely related to the received light, closeness of sites where seeds were dispersed, deepness of tidal water, tidal hydrodynamics, human activities, feeding activities of water birds and edge effect as well. The number of the regenerated seedlings at the settlement sites became less as the distance to the sonneratia caseolaris plantation (seed producing sites) became increased, and the former and the latter accorded with the relation model: y=y=58.866-25.741 log101.717x.
Analysis and Evaluation of the Effect of Grazing on Forest Land and Tree Growth
CHEN Zhong-dong
2003, 16(3): 312-318.
Abstract:
Through 3 year fixed and temporary investigation, the changes of the earth' s surface, loss of soil and water, and hurt degree of young forests were systematically studied. The results indicated that the cattle apparently destroyed the physical properties of surface soil. The degree, however, was constant when the bulk density of soil was 1.3g·cm-2. The loss of soil and water is positively correlated with the grazing intensity in grazing forest and the ratio of plot to contrast is 29.7:1.0 The spot check in Benxi and Dandong showed that the ways of cattle hurting seedlings are mainly trample and horning. The analysis also proved that the grazing can be done in larch forests which mean tree height is over 2.0 meters,but the hurt indices must be less than 50When the mean height of larch young sapling is lower than 2.0 m with the slope over 30°,the stand should be treated as pasture forbidden area,while when the mean height of plantation is below 3 m,the forest land should not used as for cattle to rest.
Research on the Differentiantion Law of the Paulownia Timber Color
WU Ying-xia, ZHANG Yu-jie, DONG Xiao-yun, LI Shu-min
2003, 16(3): 319-322.
Abstract:
This paper studied the variation regularity of paulownia timber color.The results indicated that the timber color appears light deep light with increase of height and deep at the tree top accordingly to the annual ring age. The variation law of paulownia branch timber color is similar to that of the stem timber. The stem timber color can be evaluated with six year old mature branch timber.
A Study on Biomass Dynamics and Distribution of Undervegetation in the Secondary Generation of Chinese Fir Plantation in Hui Tong
YAN Wen-de, TIAN Da-lun, JIAO Xiu-mei 
2003, 16(3): 323-327.
Abstract:
The biomass of undervegetation in the secondary generation of Chinese fir plantation at fast growing stage was studied for 2 years at Hui Tong.Biomass in undervegetation shrubs, herbs was discussed. In the light of specific conditions of biomass of undervegetation in the secondary generation of young Chinese fir plantation, the biomass dynamics of living undervegetation in the secondary generation of Chinese fir plantation were analyzed. The results showed that the biomass of undervegetation shrubs and herbs in 13 year old Chinese fir stand were 521.89 kg·hm-2and 1 429.71kg·hm-2.The biomass of undervegetation shrubs and herbs in 14 year old Chinese fir stand were 372.69 kg·hm-2and 897.10 kg·hm-2.In the 2 years, the biomass orders of shrub all was rootstemleaf, while the biomass order of herb was under ground partabove ground part.The biomass of living undervegetation is the largest,3 089.62 kg·hm-2 in 5 year old. The biomass of living undervegetation is smallest,1 269.79 kg·hm-2in 14 year old.
A Preliminary Study on Human Brain Waves Influenced by Volatiles Released from Living Sorbaria kirilowii(Regel)Maxim. in Different Seasons
ZHENG Hua, JIN You-ju, ZHOU Jin-xing, LI Wen-bin
2003, 16(3): 328-334.
Abstract:
As one of the most common greenery vegetations in Beijing, Sorbaria kirilowii was investigated on its natural volatiles without damaged from the living plant. Such substances of volatiles were collected by high adsorptive Tenax GR by a portable circular system for lab TCT GC / MS analysis, which could determine most of the sampled chemicals. Variations of components in different seasons were found in the plant volatiles. The test on health volunteers inhaling such volatiles was observed that the trend of human mood changed into anxiety and tension, according to brain wave data simultaneously. Thus much attentions should be paid to the green olfactory environment design of forestry ergonomics with strictly use of Sorbaria kirilowii.
The Role of Calcium in Proline Accumulation under Osmotic Stress in Leaves of Chinese Fir Seedling
SU Men-yun 
2003, 16(3): 335-338.
Abstract:
Free proline content in leaves of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings under different levels of osmotic stress induced by PEG increased quickly. Free proline content incresed with osmotic stress time(24, 48, 72, 96 h) and strength(-1.5, -2.5, -5.0, -10 MPa ). Free proline content in leaves under differet osmotic stress strength for 72 h incresed from 3.8 μg·g -1(Fw) to 5.5, 7.5, 16.0, 28.5 μg·g -1(FW), respectively. Calcium treatment made proline accumulation induced by osmotic stress obviously raisd. Under different osmotic stress time (24, 48, 72, 96 h), free proline contents with calcium treatment were 56.3, 63.6, 75.0, 10.2 per cent higher than that of the control, respectively. After treating for 24 h with calcium chelating agent EGTA(5 mmol·L-1) and calcium channel blocker CoCl2 (30 mmol·L-1), proline accumulation induced by culcium under osmotic stress decreased obviously. The results showed that the calcium in proline accumulation under osmotic stress has an importent role.
Study on the Resources of Entomogenous Fungi in Pangquangou National Nature Reserve
LI Wen-ying, HE Yun-chun, WANG Jian-ming, ZHANG Zuo-Gang, SONG Dong-hui
2003, 16(3): 339-342.
Abstract:
The resources of entomogenous fungi in Pangquangou National nature Reserve in the east of Shanxi Province were studied.95 strains were isolated from 164 specimen.Most of these strains were preliminary identified to generic level.These strains belong to 20 species of 12 genera.The application potentials of some dominant taxa were analyzed.
Study and Application on Somatic Embeyogenesis in Arbor Tree
JIN Xiao-ling, HE Ping
2003, 16(3): 343-350.
Abstract:
The research achievements in somatic embryogenesis in forest tree species were reviewed, in which two subjects were discussed:(1) the inducement of somatic embryogenesis and (2) the factors influencing somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in forest tree species. We suggested a direction for future application and research on somatic embryogenes in forest tree species, and figured out the main problems in the present research and the application of the somatic embryogenesis as well.
Advances in the Soil Research on Chestnut Field
XIAO Bin
2003, 16(3): 351-357.
Abstract:
Based on the practice of chestnut production, it is very exigent and significant to intensify the soil management of chestnut forest. In the light of latest data domestic and abroad, the thesis sums up the relativity between the output and quality of chestnut forest and soil, as well as the factors such as chestnut forest cover and fertilization etc., which improve the soil status, in order to provide some references for choosing the chestnut field, managing the forest field to decrease water and soil erosion, improving the growing environment of chestnut, enhancing the output and quality of chestnut, increasing the economic and ecologic benefits of chestnut forest.
Advances in Genetic Improvement of Bamboo Plants
XING Xin-ting, FU Mao-yi
2003, 16(3): 358-365.
Abstract:
Bamboo is an important part of forest resources. Because of its particularity and the huge economic benefit, more and more people attach importance to its research. Now studies in taxonomy, growth, propagation, morphosis structure, physical and chemical property of bamboo wood, process and utilization of bamboo had gained more achievements which had been extended, as well as great progress in genetic improvement of bamboo. This paper reviews the present study status in genetic improvement of bamboo plants involving collection of germ plasma resources, improved seeds breeding, biological engineering and molecular biology in domestic and abroad. This paper also discussed several aspects in genetic improvement of bamboo plants, which should be emphasized.
Advances in the Water Use Efficiency of Plant
LI Rong-sheng, XU Huang-can, YIN Guang-tian, YANG Jin-chang, LI Shuang-zhong
2003, 16(3): 366-371.
Abstract:
This paper summarized the results of research on water use efficiency of plant,including the development of the concept of water use efficiency,the temporal and spatial variations of water use efficiency,the factors influencing water use efficiency,the water use efficiency of different kinds of plants,the relationship of water use efficiency to drought tolerance,the genetic background of water use efficiency, the methods to improve water use efficiency on various scales and the trends of research on water use efficiency in the near future.
RAPD Analysis on Male Sterility Mutant Initiated from Irradiation Lily
ZHANG Ke-zhong, ZHAO Xiang-yun, LU Chang-xun, HUANG Shan-wu, ZHANG Qi-xiang
2003, 16(3): 372-375.
Abstract:
RAPD analysis on Lilium regale and its 13 phenotype male sterility mutants initiated from irradiation bulbs was made by means of 300 random 10 mer primers. Of the tested primers, 93 primers produced ideal amplification bands on all materials, 14 primers generated stable different polymorphic bands among mutant ‘Wang 2G03'mutant ‘Wang 3G03' and Lilium regale. 21 different polymorphic bands were found between ‘ Wang 2G03' and Lilium regale. 25 different polymorphic bands existed between ‘Wang 1G03' and Lilium regale. It was showed that ‘Wang 2G03' and ‘Wang 1G03' were two real different male sterility mutants of Lilium regale. From the 93 primers RAPD bands, the other 11 phenotype male sterility mutants showed no difference in comparison with Lilium regale. It was proposed that more test need to be made to identify whether they were real mutants.
2003, 16(3): 376-376.
Abstract: