• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2008 Vol. 21, No. 2

Display Method:
TheM inera liza tion of So il Nitrogen and ItsMotiva ting Factors to the DragonSpruce Forest and AlpineMeadows of the Qilian Mounta ins
WU J ian-guo, CHANG Wei, AI Li
2008, 21(2): 61-167.
Abstract:
To understand the effects of varying soil temperature and changing in soilwater content on the decomposition ofsoil nitrogen, an anaerobic incubation experiment with orthogonal experiment in an artificial climatic chamber wasconducted to investigate how the mineralization of soil nitrogen of the slopes under the Qilian Mountains forest( dominated by Picea crassifolia) and alp ine meadowswere affected by temperature, soilwater content, soil dep th,and mountain altitudes. The results showed that based on the range of soil nitrogen mineralization, the effects of soildep th and interaction between soil water content and temperature on soil nitrogen mineralization were the highest,next was the effects of changing in temperature, and the effects of soilwater content on them was the lowest. Basedon the range of soil nitrogen mineralization ratio, the effects of soil temperature and interaction between soil watercontent and temperature on soil nitrogen mineralization ratio were also the highest, nextwere the effects of changing in soil water content, and the effects of soil dep th on them was the lowest. The effects of soil temperature andinteraction between soil water content and temperature on soil nitrogen mineralization were significant, while theeffects of these factors on the ratio of soil nitrogen mineralization were not significant ( P P P P P P < 0. 05). The Q10 ranged from 0. 7 to 2. 0, and itwas lower from 5℃ to 15 ℃ than that from 15 ℃ to 25 ℃ or 25 ℃ to 35 ℃. The results showed that the soil nitrogen mineralizationundermountain forest and alp ine meadowswould be influenced greatly by changing in temperature.
Photosyn thetic Ecophysiolog ica l Respon ses of D ifferent Azadirach taindica Provenances to Change of Tempera ture
ZHENG Yi-xing, PENG Xing-min, ZHANG Yan-ping
2008, 21(2): 131-138.
Abstract:
Under the ambient atmospheric CO2 370 ±10 μmol ·mol-1 , 65% ±5% relative humidity and PAR( Photosynthetically Available Radiation) of 400, 800 and 1 200 μmol·m-2 ·s-1 , the temperature dependence ofnet photosynthetic rate ( Pn) , stomatal conductance ( gi) , transp iration rate ( E) , photosynthesis resp iration ( Pr) anddark resp iration (Rd) of 4 p rovenances of Azadirach ta indica were measured with Li26400 Portable Photosynthesis(Li2Cor Inc. ,USA). The results showed thatwith the increase of temperature, the Pn showed sharp parabolic curveresponse. The op timum temperature of Pn was different in each growing season. In the initiation phase ( from Feb.toMay) , the op timum temperature of Pn was around 28229 ℃, 32 ℃ in the p rosperous phase ( from Jun to Sep t. ) ,30 ℃ in the last phase ( from Oct. to Jan. ). Under the same experimental condition, for the same p rovenance, thePn of p rosperous phase was higher than that of initiation phase and last phase , and for the different p rovenances,the Pn of p rovenance Kalyaniwas far higher than that of the others. With the increase of temperature, the gi and Eshowed exponential curve response in the initiation phase and last phase, and linear pattern response in thep rosperous phase. Under the same experimental condition, the gi and E of p rovenance Kalyaniwas higher than that of the others. The Pr and Rd showed exponential curve response to increase of temperature. Under the sametemperature condition, the Rd was higher than Pr. For the different growing seasons, the Pr and Rd of the initiationphase was higher than that of the other phases, and for the same growing phase, the Pr and Rd of p rovenanceKalyani was the highest, and that of p rovenance Kulapachta was the lowest.
Growth of Some Na tive Broad-leaved Trees and Plant D iversityin the Con iferous Planta tion of South Ch ina
ZHANG Hao, ZHUANG Xue-ying, HUANG Yong-fang, LA I Zhi-tian, ZOU Shou-m ing, HE Han-bo
2008, 21(2): 139-144.
Abstract:
The growth of 11 native broad-leaved tree species in a coniferous p lantation located in Zengcheng,Guangdong Province was studied. The result showed that the sap lings of four Fagaceae species (Castanopsis f issa, C.carlesii, C. eyrei, and Cyclobalanopsis bella) had vigorous growth in the p lantation during the first 5 years, whichwere excellent species in the ecological p lantations. The sap lings of Toona sinensis had rap id growth in the first 3years, but the growth declined in the fourth and fifth year. It had higher light requirement with its growing. It canbe used as reformed species in the low-density ecological p lantations. The sap lings of Tutcheria cham pionii wasshade-tolerant and showed good competition under the canopy. It can be used as the enrichment species for thereformation of secondary forests. The sap lings of Cinnam om um cam phora, L iquidam bar form osana, and M icheliam acclurei had relatively poor growth in the high-density ecological p lantations. The p lot investigation result indicatedthatmost understory species invading the p lantation were shade-tolerant and bird dispersed.
D istr ibution Pa tterns of Ga lls with D ifferent FigWa spsin Sycon ium ofMonoec ious F icus racem osa
ZHAI Shu-wei, YANG Da-rong, PENG Yan-qiong
2008, 21(2): 145-149.
Abstract:
Study on the Changes ofMa in Nutr ients in D ifferentChinese Chestnut Var ieties Pre2and Post-storage
XU Juan, LIANG Li-song, WANG Gui-xi, MA Hui-ling
2008, 21(2): 150-153.
Abstract:
12 chestnut varieties collected from 9 localities were analyzed in terms of water content, fat, solublep rotein, starch and soluble sugar before and after stored in refrigerator for 6 months at 0 ℃ to study the changes ofmain nutrients p re- and post-storage in different chestnut varieties. The results showed that before storage thechestnuts had a high water content among 52. 47% - 61. 30% and a low fat content among 11. 5 - 30. 0 g·kg-1 ;soluble p rotein, starch and soluble sugarwere 51. 53 - 57. 93 mg·g-1 , 561. 8 - 727. 1 g·kg-1 and 67. 3 - 146. 4g·kg-1. After stored for 6 months , there were changes in each indicators, the water content, fat, soluble p roteinand starch were reduced respectively by 1. 23% - 5. 00% , 28. 5% - 70. 43% , 0. 33% - 13. 38% , 25. 47% -43. 8% and soluble sugar was increased by 23. 02% - 160. 33%. Significant differences were found in watercontent, fat, soluble p rotein, starch and soluble sugar ( P < 0. 05) of these 12 varieties p re- and post- storage andthere was a regionality in these differences.
Pur if ica tion of Phenyla lan ine Ammon ia-lya se in Ca ragana korsh inskii Juven ile
QIU Feng, XU Lei, GAO Hong-wen
2008, 21(2): 154-160.
Abstract:
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ( PAL; EC 4. 3. 1. 5) of root in leaf stage, leaf and branch in rap id growthstage of Ca ragana korshinskii,was purified by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Thesubunits of PAL by SDS2PAGE were analyzed. The results showed that when purified by ion exchangechromatography and gel filtration chromatography, there were two kinds of PAL , oneMW was 306KD and the otherwas 222KD, from leaf and one PAL whichMW was 222 KD from stem and root. By SDS-PAGE, it could concludethat the PAL, MW 306KD, was composed of two polypep tides which MW might be 82KD and two polypep tideswhich MW might 74 KD, and the 222KD-MW PAL was composed of four homology subunits, which MWwas 74KD.
Study on Physiolog ica l Character istics and Sa lt Tolerancefor Seedlings of 11 Tree Spec ies
ZHANG Hua-xin, SONG Dan, LIU Zheng-xiang
2008, 21(2): 168-175.
Abstract:
In greenhouse, four2month2old seedlings of eleven tree species grown in pots were subjected to salinity(NaCl) treatments in concentration of 0, 3, 5, 8 and 10 g · kg-1 of soil dry weight. The physiologicalcharacteristics of the trees were studied and their salt tolerance abilities were evaluated comp rehensively bysubordinate function value method. The results showed that: (1) W ith the increase of salinity concentration, thecontent of chlorophyll and free p raline were decreased and increased, respectively, among every kind of trees.While there were great differences in soluble sugar content and membrane permeability among the trees. (2) Aftersalt treatments, the Na+ content and K+ /Na+ value in roots, stems and leaves were significantly increased anddecreased, respectively. Whereas there was great difference in K+ content among different tree species and parts,and the Na+ content of roots was obviously higher than that of leaves. (3) Four species, S yringa japonica Dcne. ,S hepherdia a rgentea Nutt. , Ptelea trifoliate L inn. and Rhus trilobata Nutt. , had a higher salt tolerance species, andPy rus calleryana Dcne. ,V iburnum opulus L inn. , Laburnum wa tereriVossii. and Spartium junceum L inn. belonged tomedium2high salt tolerance species, and Cytisus scoparius Linn. , B etula lenta Linn. and Rhus glabra L inn. werelower than others and belonged to medium salt tolerance species. The theoretic basiswasmade for the establishmentof standard of salt resistant evaluation and popularization of the 11 tree species in this research.
A Study on Structure and Spa tia l D istr ibutionPa ttern of A rtoca rpus hypa rgyreus Popula tion
FAN Fan-rong, PAN Biao-zhi, MA Xiang-qing, SHEN Qiong-tao, XIE Rong-zhang
2008, 21(2): 176-181.
Abstract:
With the method of spatial series substituting for time series, five populations of A rtocarpus hypargyreuswereanalyzed, its time-specific life table was analyzed, its distribution pattern was discussed by assembling intensityindex. The results showed that the population structure ofA rtocarpus hypargyreuswas a sp indle type. The age structureof the population of A rtocarpus hypargyreus was declining due to lack of seedlings; the survival curve of A rtocarpushypargyreus population belonged to DeeveyⅡtype; the overall population distribution followed a assembled.
Dynam ics Ana lysis on Landscape Pa ttern of Alpine-cold Desertif ied Area in theQinha i-Tibetan Pla teau:A Ca se Study in Guinan County, Qingha i Prov ince
FENG Yi-ming, WU Bo, LU Qi, WANG Xue-quan, YANG Heng-hua, SUN De-fu
2008, 21(2): 182-187.
Abstract:
Landuse cover and landscape patterns of 3 periods (1976, 1996, 2006) in Guinan County,Qinhai, Chinawere studied by using remote sensing and GIS techniques, aswell as the dynamics of landscape pattern. The resultswere as follows. (1) The grassland was the basic landscape background of the general terrain character of GuinanCounty, at the same time, lots of deserted landscape elements ( such as sandy land and drying ravines) weredistributed among grasslands. In 1970 s, the landscape disturbed by human being was relatively few, and up to1990 s, the landscape disturbed by human being was increased. (2) In 1976, significant differences in dominancewere found among patch types, landscape fragmentation value was small, and landscape diversification was simp le.After 1996, there were obvious change in the pattern of patch and the landscape became comp licated. (3) In thelast 30 years, the transformation speed of landscape elements ( including grassland, crop land, forest land, building land and unused land) to other landscape elements disp layed a accelerating state. During 1976—1996, a vast areaof grasslands was reclaimed into cultivated land. During 1996—2006, the phenomena to p rotect and to destroyecological environment existed simultaneously. Moreover, the unused land that transformed to other landscapeelements was small. Hence, to control the ecological environment of Guinan County comp rehensively would be along way. ( 4) The forecasted results on landscape pattern of Guinan County in 2016 indicated that the area ofgrassland, forest land and water area would be increased and the area of cultivated land and unused land would bedecreased, so the ecological environment of Guinan County would become better slowly.
Structure Character istics of Plant Commun ity in Sma ll-sized Sandof Be ijingWestern a t D ifferent Successiona l Stages
YANG Zhi-guo, ZHAO Xiu-hai, ZHOU Xiao-ming, ZHOU Xiao-m ing, LI Yu-jie, CHEN Wan-ming
2008, 21(2): 188-193.
Abstract:
Structure characteristics of p lant community at 3 successional stages, namely shifting sandy land, semifixed sandy land and fixed sandy land were investigated in Huangyangtan ofBeijingwestern. The results showed thatspecies abundance increased with community succession, and there were different dominant populations at everystage. Chenopodiaceae p lants were p ioneer ones at shifting sand land, p laying an irrep laceable role at early stage,and their species and number were relatively stable at each stage; Compositae belonged to transitional group insuccessional p rocess, which exhibited a relatively high dominance only at semi2fixed sandy land; Gramineae andLegume p lants p resented a increasing trend, becoming main sustainer of ecological function at fixed sandy land.Along with succession, annual p lants, being absolutely p redominant at early stage, were rep laced gradually byperennial species, sandy vegetation develop ing to weeds grassland, ecological system tending to be stable.Ecological distances among communitieswere far at different stages, so the best species and their allocations shouldbe selected according to sandy environmental condition when artificial vegetation was constructed.
Establishment of Optimum ISSR2PCR Reaction Systemin Tung O il Tree(Ve rn ic ia fordii)
LI Peng, WANG Yang-dong, CHEN Yi-cun, ZHANG Xiao-ping
2008, 21(2): 194-199.
Abstract:
To app ly ISSR to genetic breeding of tung oil tree (Vernicia fordii) , both the single factor test and theorthogonal diagram were used to op timize the ISSR amp lification system of tung in four factors ( Taq DNApolymerase,Mg2+ , dNTP, p rimer) at three levels respectively. There were some differences between the results ofthe two methods. Through comp rehensive analysis, a suitable ISSR-PCR reaction system was established: 20 μLreaction system containing 1. 0 U Taq DNA polymerase, 2. 0 mmol·L-1 Mg2+ , 0. 20 mmol·L-1 dNTP, 0. 4μmol·L-1 p rimer, 1 ×PCR buffer, 40 ng temp late.
Spec ies D iversity ofMa in Commun ities in Hot and Dry Va lley, Yuanmao County
YANG Zhen-yin, SU Jian-rong, WANG Yun, LI Zheng-hong
2008, 21(2): 200-205.
Abstract:
This paper studied the species diversity of natural and p lantation community in hot and dry valley ofYuanmao County, based on field investigation data and by using Patrick richness index ( S ) , Shannon-Wienerdiversity index (H) , Simp son dominance index (D ) ,Alatalo evenness index ( E) and Pielou evenness index. Theresults showed that: (1) the diversity of communities in hot and dry valleywas lower. The values of S, H,D respectivelywas 3. 923 - 19. 583, 0. 913 - 2. 000 and 0. 178 - 0. 510. The Patrick richness index of p lantation community wassharp ly lower than natural communities’. The Shannon2W iener diversity index of p lantation communities withdominance tree was higher than others. The Alatalo evenness index of p lantation communitywas sharp ly higher thannatural communities’. (2) The Patrick richness index of the communitieswere in the order of tree herb > shrub. (3) The content oforganic, N, P, Hydrolytic N of natural communitieswas higher than p lantation communitieswhich indicated that thenatural communities had good effect to imp roving soil fertility.
Comprehensive Judgemen t of Section A ige iros Clones inWestern L iaon ing Prov ince for PulpWood
LI Jin-hua, SONG Hong-zhu, NIU Zheng-tian, ZHANG Qi-wen
2008, 21(2): 206-211.
Abstract:
Study on Ana tom ica l Structure Var ia tion and Chem ica l Propertiesof Introduced D a lbe rgia sissoo Roxb.
SHI Lei, SUN Qing-feng, DENG Jiang
2008, 21(2): 212-216.
Abstract:
The anatomical structure variation and chemical p roperties of Da lbergia sissoo introduced from Nepal inYuanjiang of Yunnan Province were studied with quantitatively and chemically analytic methods. The results showedthat the fiber length and width were 1 430. 87μm and 18. 02μm in average. The length and diameter of pore wererespectively 204. 13 μm and 146. 46 μm in average. The microfibril angle was 12. 24°in average. The radialvariation tendency of anatomical structure of some D. sissoo was significant while others insignificant. The pH ofDalbergia sissoo was 5. 39. The studies offered basic data and theoretical guidance for develop ing and breeding highquality Da lberg ia sissoo.
Rhizome and Root System Structure of Phyllostachys edu lisStand under ExtensiveManagement
ZHOU Ben-zhi, FU Mao-yi
2008, 21(2): 217-221.
Abstract:
The rhizome and root system structure of Phyllostachys edulis stand under extensive managementwas studiedin this paper, and with the root analysis system, WinRH IZO, the morphological characteristics of basal root andrhizome root of Phyllostachys edulis were analyzed. The results showed that the total dry weight, volume, length andsurface area of rhizome of Phyllostachys edulis stand under extensive management were 6 179. 44 kg·hm-2 , 24. 57m3·hm-2 , 84 872. 99 m·hm-2 and 5 066. 10 m2·hm-2 respectively. Most of the rhizomes were located in 0~30cm soil layer. The 3~4 years old rhizomes took the biggest share in terms of the age structure, accounting for about40%, and 1~2 years old rhizomes took a minor share, accounting for about 10%, and most of them were located inthe soil layer of 0~30 cm, accounting of 92. 65% of the total dryweight at this age class. The dryweights of the basal root and rhizome root of Phyllostachys edulis stand under extensive management were 3 564. 92 kg·hm-2 and5 506. 28 kg·hm-2 respectively and their lengths were 2. 24 ×107m·hm-2 and 6. 40 ×107m·hm-2 respectively.The amount of rhizome root wasmore than that of basal root with the dry weight, length, volume and surface area ofrhizome root being 1. 55, 2. 86, 1. 80 and 2. 52 times asmuch as those of basal root. Within the underground systemof bamboo stand, the dry weight of rhizome accounted for 40. 52% with its volume accounting for 67. 56%. The totallength and volume of rootwere about 1 000 and more than 20 times asmuch as those of rhizome respectively.
Effects of So ilMo isture on Photosyn thesis and Transpira tion Parametersof Am ygda lus davidiana Franch in Loess Hilly Pla teau
ZHANG Shu-yong, LIU Zhi-yuan, ZHOU Ze-fu, ZHANG Guang-can
2008, 21(2): 222-226.
Abstract:
Diurnal variations of leaf-air interface physiological parameters in leaves of three-year-old Am ygdalusdavidiana were studied under different soilmoisture conditions with C IRAS-2 portable photosynthesis system in theloess hilly p lateau. The results indicated that the diurnal variation p rocess of photosynthesis, transp iration and wateruse efficiency under different soilmoisture conditions took on different regulations. When soil relative water contentwas 57. 3% , 70. 1% , 80. 2% , the time that maximum disp lay was at 13: 00, 9: 00 and 15: 00, respectively, and the maximum values of photosynthetic rate were 10. 51, 12. 52, 9. 25 μmol·m-2·s-1 , respectively, the dailyaverage valueswere 6. 83 ±4. 92, 6. 40 ±4. 43 and 6. 32 ±3. 90 μmol·m-2·s-1 , respectively. In other soilmoisture conditions, all the photosynthetic rate followed a two-peak pattern; The style of diurnal variation curves oftransp iration rate was similar with that of photosynthetic rate, when soil relative water contents were 57. 3% ,70. 1% , 80.2% , the time thatmaximum disp laywas always at 13: 00, and the daily average values of transp irationrate were 1.91 ±1. 03, 3. 27 ±2. 09, 2. 90 ±1. 70μmol·mol- 1 , respectively; The maximum ofwater use efficiencybefore 13: 00 appeared at 7: 00 or 9: 00, but itwas very distinct after 13: 00. Analysis showed the dominating reasoncausing the photosynthetic rate fallwas stoma limitation when relative water contentwas over 57. 3%. In other soilmoisture conditions, stoma limitation was the dominating reason before 13: 00, while non2stoma limitation becamedominant after 13: 00. According to the connections between the photosynthetic rate, transp iration rate , water useefficiency and soil moisture, in loess hilly p lateau, the fitting soil relative water content maintaining Am ygdalusdavidiana natural growth was between 39. 7% and 57. 3%. At the same time, it should be p lanted in shady slope orsemi2shady slope in site design.
Study on D ifferences and Restora tion Degrees of the So il Physica l Propertiesof Tropica lMontane Secondary Forest in Ha inan Island
LUO Tu-shou, LI Yi-de, CHEN De-xiang, XU Han, LIN Ming-xian
2008, 21(2): 227-234.
Abstract:
The differences and restoration degree of soil physical p roperties of the three secondary trop ical montanerainforests including natural regeneration forest after clear-cutting (0502) , artificial p romoting natural regenerationforest with some native p lants cultivated ( 0503 ) , and manmade forest with native p lants cultivated after clearcutting and burning (0504) were compared with virgin trop icalmontane rainfores (0501) byANOVA and clustering analysis. The results are as follows: ( 1) Cutting of trop ical rainforests and the following regeneration caused theincreasing of bulk density and the differences of surface layer cap illary porosity, which resulted in the total porositychanged. Both of them influenced the minimum water-holding capacity of 0—40 cm soil layer and the cap illarywater-holding capacity of 20—40 cm soil layer. Measures with natural regeneration after clear-cutting had a bettersoil texture, few top soil particles washed and illuviated by drip, higher cap illary porosity, well developed soil andstrong water-holding capacity. Measureswith clear-cutting and burningmade the top soil beingwashed and illuviatedeasily, the cap illary porosity of substrate soil decreased, the bulk density of middle stratum soil increased andilluviate lamination being shaped, the capabilities of surface flow in the rainy season and air exchange and waterpenetration being weaken. All of these changes caused the difficulty to transfer water from under soil in the dryseason. Artificial p lantation measure (0504) made the top soil particles being washed and illuviated severely, thecap illary porosity of all soil strata and anti-cap illary porosity of subsoil decreased, subsoil harden obviously, airexchange and water penetration capacity being influenced, and water-holding decreased remarkably. All of themresulted in surface flow and sand-conversion possibilities. (2) 0502 had similar physical characteristicswith 0501.However, the soil of 0503 belonged to clay loam to clay texture categories, with bigger cap illary porosities of top soiland least of under stratum soil, and obvious decreasing of water2holding rate. The soil of 0504 belonged to sandyclay loam to clay texture categories, with top soil particles washed and illuviated obviously, which formedaccumulation horizon in substratum and low water-holding capacity. ( 3) The restoration degree of 0502 and 0503were closed to 0501. However, 0504 was distinctly less than 0502 and 0503. The technical step of clear-cutting andcontrolled burning badly affected rehabilitation degree of substrata soil p roperties. The easy restoration physicalindices of the secondary forests were total porosity, and water-holding capacity, contrary to the difficult restorationindex-soil particle p roportion. Restoration degree of bulk density of top soil and slit/ clay ratio of middle soil layerwere poor. Ratio of cap illary and anti-cap illary of middle soil layer was higher than that in top soil and under layersoil. Therefore, clear-cutting and burning influenced the deep soil significantly.
The Influence of Low Tempera ture Stress on the Cold-resistancePhysiolog ica l Indexes of Guadua am plexfolia
MA Lan-tao, CHEN Shuang-lin, LI Ying-chun
2008, 21(2): 235-238.
Abstract:
At the natural condition, 7 physiological indexes of Guadua am plex ifolia such as peroxidases ( POD ) ,Superoxide Dismatase ( SOD ) , catalase ( CAT) and so on were measured at 7 different temperatures, whichintroduced from trop ical region abroad. The result indicated: all indexes measured showed high relativity with lowtemperature stress. At 9 ℃, the bamboo suffered slight low temperature stress and the ratio of free2water to boundwater decreased evidently; POD, CAT, Pr. and malondialdehyde (MDA) reached the maximum at 3 ℃ and thephysiological injury was serious; SOD and Pro. reached the maximum at 0 ℃; the lowest temperature Guaduaam plexifolia could endure was about - 2 ℃.
Studies on the Effects of Fertiliza tion on Growthand Fruiting of O il2tea Camellia
SHEN Wei, YANG Shui-ping, YAO Xiao-hua, WANG Kai-liang, FEI Xue-qian
2008, 21(2): 239-242.
Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to illustrate the effects of fertilizers on the growth and fruiting of twenty fiveyears old oil-tea camellia. The results showed that: compound fertilizers and organic fertilizers ( chicken manure)app lications had obvious effects on the growth and fruit of oil2tea camellia, thereinto, the third treatment ( fertilized 5㎏ organic fertilizers in winter and 0. 5㎏ compound fertilizers in summer per tree) significantly enhanced the crownp roduct , longness of shoot, diameter, and output of oil-tea camellia; fertilization had little effects to the kernel rateand moisture content, but organic fertilizers had significant effects on the kernel oil yield.
Research on the Growth Character istics of Popu lus ×eu ram iricana cv.‘San Martino’( I272 /58) on Beach Land of Yangtze River
LIU Guang-lu, FAN Shao-hui, ZHANG Qun, FENG Hui-xiang, ZONG Yi-chen, FEI Ben-hua
2008, 21(2): 243-247.
Abstract:
Two New Butt-rot Pa thogens on Broad Leaved Tree in China
YUAN Hai-sheng, WANG Lin, YU Chang-jun, DAI Yu-cheng
2008, 21(2): 248-252.
Abstract:
Two new forest pathogens, Perenniporia m artius and Fom itopsis nivosa, on hardwoods in trop ical andsubtrop ical areaswere reported. The formerwas found in rain forest of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, the latterwas found on Cinnam om um cassia in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The illustrated descrip tions of the two fungiweregiven in detail based on the specimens from China; the symp tom and distribution of the two diseaseswere discussed.
Isola ting and Screen ing ofM icroogan ism s for Decomposing Bamboo Stump
LI Chao, LI Lu-bin, YANG Kai, PENG Zhen-hua
2008, 21(2): 253-257.
Abstract:
Some microorganism strainswhich decompose cellulose or lignin were isolated from rotten bamboo materialwhich were collected from Phyllostachys edulis forest. 16 strains including 8 fungi strains, 5 bacteria strains and 3actinomycetes strains were screened using qualitative and quantitative methods. Bamboo material decomposingability of those strainswere tested through solid fermentation. Results showed that strain F2 and F10 were the mostefficient decomposer. After 15 days of incubation, strain F2 could decompose 23. 96% of bamboo cellulose and16192% of bamboo lignin and strain F10 could decompose 24. 31% of bamboo cellulose and 23. 15% of bamboolignin. In test condition, the cellulose degradation rates of the two strains were both higher than that of theTrichoderm a viride YJ-3, and their lignin degradation rates were both higher than that of the Phanerochaetechrysosporium ME-446.
Effect of Vola tiles from D endroc tonus va lens and P inus tabu laeform ison the Behav iora l Selection of Na tura l Enemy
ZHANG Yong-jie, ZHANG Pei-yi, LIU Jun, JIN You-jiu, ZHANG Zhen
2008, 21(2): 258-261.
Abstract:
The p redators of Red turpentine beetle (RTB ) , Dend roctonus valens were investigated by the method ofanatomizing of the p ine trunk and rearing choice test. One of p redator species of RTB ( Prostom is sp. ) was found inthe larval gallery. Behavioral response of this natural enemy to the volatiles emitted from healthy p ines ( Pinustabu laeform is) , RTB damaged p ines and fecal pellets of RTB were studied with a Y2tube olfactometer. The resultsshowed that natural enemieswere attracted to all the volatiles above, especially to that of damaged p ines. Volatilesfrom healthy p ines, RTB damaged p ines and fecal pellets of RTB could be used by the natural enemies to locate thehost habitat and to discriminate the p ines damaged from healthy ones. The p redator species of RTB ( Prostom is sp. )wasmore sensitive to ( S) -( + ) -3-Carene than three othermonoterpenes in the lab. experiment.
Compara tive Ana lysis of Five Shrub Forest Transforma tionModels on Xiaolongshan in Gansu
ZHAO Zhong-hua, YUAN Shi-yun, HUI Gang-ying, WANG Run-xi, ZHOU Jian
2008, 21(2): 262-267.
Abstract:
In order to know about the stands state of five shrub forest transformation models and give somemanagement advices on Xiaolongshan in Gansu, the paper used spatial structure parameters of the angle index,mingling, neighborhood comparison and species diversity indictor to study the stand composition, structure featuresand species diversity, the result showed that the zonal cutting shrub p lanting Pinus a rm and iimodelwas better thanothermodels in composition, stand structure, species diversity and the stands were easier to become uneven-agedmixed forest, while the zonal cutting shrub p lanting was benefit in imp roving species diversity, mingling anddistributing in random pattern than overall cutting shrub p lanting. In future is management, some measurementscould be adevp ted to op timize the structure and space allocation, so as to p romote the p rogress of stands successionand achieve naturalization.
Econom ic Va lue Assessment of Forest Spec ies D iversity Conserva tionin China Ba sed on the Shannon-W iener Index
WANG Bing, ZHENG Qiu-hong
2008, 21(2): 268-274.
Abstract:
Lacking of objective and logical2inference method for assessing forest species diversity conservation valueis an international p roblem. Based on Shannon-Wiener index, a new method was recommended. It p rovided animpersonal standard for the assessment. Forest species diversity conservation value in China was analyzed using thedata of the sixth forest continuous inventory from 1999 to 2003 and Chinese forest ecosystem research net stations.Results showed Heilongjiang and Yunnan p rovinces came out top as for the total forest species diversity conservationvalue. Although Hainan was the highest one as for the average value of unit area, the total value of it was lowbecause of the smaller total area. Northwest China and north China were lack of forest resources. The 39 stand typeswere divided into five group s: high average value of unit area and low total value, high average value of unit areaand high total value, low average value of unit area and low total value, low average value of unit area and high totalvalue, medium average value of unit area and medium total value. The classification would advance the species conservation work. Compared with theW illingness to Pay (WTP) method, which was the most popular one today,the advantages of thismethod was its basing on the natural characteristics of forest ecosystems. The average value ofunit area and total value were all have their physical meanings. The results were more coincident with theunderstanding and more comparable.
Study on Seed Germ ina ting Character istics AmongD ifferent Combina tion of Ca ta lpa bunge i
WANG Su-ke, WANG Jun-hui, ZHANG Shou-gong, ZHANG Jian-guo, JIAO Yun-de
2008, 21(2): 275-278.
Abstract:
A mating design, including full-sib and half-sib Cata lpa bungei was conducted. The germination abilitywas studied. The temperature, soaking and lighting time and p retreatment that could influence on Ca talpa bungeiseed germination were studied. The result showed that the difference of germination rate and energy among differentmating combinations was extremely significant. The influence of the individual p lant to the germination rate waslower than that of different variety. The germination rate of the combination C. bungei and C. fargesii was alwayslow. The germination rate and energy of two set of recip rocal crosseswere very similar. The germination rate was thehighest for soaking the seed for 24 hours at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ then germinating it at a changingtemperature 20 - 30 ℃, the difference was remarkable. Another result, an 8-hour-long lighting daily was moreadvantaged for the germination of the seed than that in a comp letely dark condition; the germinating rate of the seedstored at a temperature of 5 ℃ for a week after soaking is also much higher than that stored at a low temperature.