Biological Studies on the Du-ensiform Gall Aphid,Kaburagia rhusicola II .Reproduction

The Duensiform gall caused by Du-ensiform gall aphid,Kaburagia rhusicola,plays an important role in the production of Chinese gallnut.The aphid breeds ovoviviparously in all generations in its life history and reproduces sexually in spring.All the embryos of each migrant in spring and in summer grow mature simultaneously,so their reproductive period is quite short,while those of the wingless parthenogenetic females develop gradually and are produced gradually,thus the period is quite long.The fundatrix and the wingless fundatrigeniae breed in large numbers;two forms of migrants fewer;and the wingless alienicolae even fewer;while the females only one.The offspring of each generation is wrapped by a soft membrane when they are just born,except that the fundatrigeninae can not be observed,the young can be living after the membrane falls off.The reproduction characteristics of migrants are of great significance in production of Du-ensiform gall.