Predictability Time Scale and Fractal Characteristics of Temporal \nVariation of Eucommia ulmoides Plantation Transpiration

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Predictability Time Scale and Fractal Characteristics of Temporal \nVariation of Eucommia ulmoides Plantation Transpiration

Abstract

A case study with Eucommia ulmoides plantation in the mountainous region of North-China, predictability and fractal characteristics of temporal variation of trees transpiration were analyzed by using the method of reconstructing phase space when the lag time is 30 minutes. Transpiration measured with the technique of thermal dissipation probes in 2005 and 2006, The results showed that temporal variation of the plantation transpiration is a chaotic motion and characterized with fractal pattern and predictability during the main growth season. The fractal dimension (D), Renyi entropy (K2), embedding dimensions and the average predictability time scale of time series for the trees transpiration were 1.673, 0.002 49, 9 and 401.0 minutes in 2005,respectively, and 1.525, 0.002 53, 10 and 394.8 minutes in 2006. There existed significant difference in external appearance of temporal variation or in the amount of transpiration between the two years, but no difference about D and K2 at the same lag time. It is concluded that there were no differences in natural characteristics or internal patterns of time series in different years.
- Eucommia ulmoides plantation,
- transpiration,
- phase space reconstruction,
- fractal,
- predictability

References

[1]	Mandelbrot B B. The Fractal Geometry of Nature[M].San Francisco: Freemann,1982
[2]	贾丽会,张修如.分形理论及在信号处理中的应用[J]. 计算机技术与发展,2007,17(9):203-205,209
[3]	冯新灵, 罗隆诚, 邱丽丽,等. 青藏高原至中国东部年雨日变化趋势的分形研究[J].地理研究,2007,26(4):835-843
[4]	路琴,杨明,何春霞. 分形理论及其在农业科学与工程中的应用[J].土壤通报,2009,40(3):716-720
[5]	时少英,刘式达,付遵涛,等.天气和气候的时间序列特征分析[J]. 地球物理学报,2005 ,48 (2) :259-264
[6]	张晓伟,沈冰,孟彩侠.和田绿洲水文气象要素分形特征与R/S分析[J]. 中国农业气象,2008, 29 (1) : 12-15
[7]	Fraedrich K. Estimating the dimensions of weather and climate attractor[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1986,43: 419-432
[8]	刘式达,郑祖光.气候层次和分维数[J].气象学报,1993,51(3):333-342
[9]	付昱华.分形方法分析和预测月平均海面水温[J].海洋预报,1995,12(1):49-54
[10]	龚道溢, 仪垂祥.气候代用资料的分形研究[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版, 1995,31(3):400-402
[11]	辛国君.气候噪声和气候系统的分维[J]. 应用气象学报,1997,8(1) :85-91
[12]	周春林,袁林旺.不同时间尺度气候变化的分维研究[J].灾害学,1997,12(2):6-10
[13]	刘罡, 李昕, 胡非.大气边界层风速脉动的分形模拟[J].气候与环境研究,1998, 3(3):260-265
[14]	王宝灵, 谢金南, 俞亚勋.西北地区降水混沌特性的初步分析[J].高原气象,2000,19(1):25-31
[15]	董山 ,徐建华 ,陈亚宁.塔里木盆地年平均气温的分形特征研究[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(1):17-22
[16]	刘德平. 分形理论在水文过程形态特征分析中的应用 . 水利学报, 1998 (2) : 20-25
[17]	黄国如,芮孝芳. 流域降雨径流时间序列的混沌识别及其预测研究进展[J]. 水科学进展, 2004,15(2):255-260
[18]	丁晶,邓育仁,傅军.洪水相空间预测[J].成都科技大学学报,1995(4):7-11
[19]	丁涛,周惠成,黄健辉. 混沌水文时间序列区间预测研究[J].水利学报,2004, 35(12):15-19
[20]	李荣峰,沈冰,张金凯. 基于相空间重构的水文自记忆预测模型[J].水利学报,2006,37(5):583-286
[21]	王卫光,彭世彰,罗玉峰.参考作物腾发量的混沌性识别及预测[J].水利学报,2008,39(9): 1030-1036\n 李素萍,姚洪兴.多变量时间序列分析及其应用 . 科学技术与工程,2008,8(11):2764-2769,2774
[22]	孟平.苹果树蒸腾耗水特征及水分胁迫诊断预报模型研究[M].北京:气象科学出版社,2005
[23]	张劲松, 孟平, 高峻,等. 山茱萸人工林蒸腾速率混沌及分形特征[J].生态学杂志, 2008,27(4):661-664
[24]	刘丙军, 邵东国, 沈新平. 参考作物腾发量时间分形特征研究[J]. 灌溉排水学报,2006, 25(5): 9-13
[25]	李毅,周慧,李秦. 基于R / S 分析的参考作物腾发量时间序列分形特征[J]. 节水灌溉,2008(4):4-7
[26]	谢先红,崔远来,周玉桃.参考作物腾发量时间序列的长程相关性和多重分形分布[J].水利学报,2008,39(12):1327-1333
[27]	Fredrik L, Anders L.Transpiration response to soil moisture in pine and spruce trees in Sweden[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2002,112: 67-85
[28]	陈仁升,康尔泗,赵文智,等.中国西北干旱区树木蒸腾对气象因子的响应[J]. 生态学报,2004,24(3):477-485
[29]	Grainier A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements[J]. Tree physiology, 1987,3:309-320
[30]	Wullschleger S, Meinzer F C, Vertessy R A. A review of whole-plant water use studies in trees[J]. Tree physiology, 1998,18:499-512
[31]	Herbst M, Roberts J, Rosier P, et al. Season and interannual variability of canopy transpiration of a hedgerow in southern England[J]. Tree physiology, 2007,27:321-333
[32]	Herbst M, John Roberts M, Rosier P. et al.Edge effects and forest water use: A field study in a mixed deciduous woodland[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2007, 250:176-186
[33]	Grainier A, Huc R, Barigah S T. Transpiration of natural rain forest and its dependence on climatic factors[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1996,78: 19-29
[34]	Saugier B, Grainier A,Pontailler J, et al. Transpiration of a boreal pine forest measured by branch bag, sap flow and micromeorological methods[J]. Tree physiology,1997,17: 511-519
[35]	Kumagai T,Aoki S, Nagasawa T, et al.Effects of tree-to-tree and radial variations on sap flow estimates of transpiration in Japanese cedar[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ,2005,135: 110-116
[36]	朱育峰, 严绍瑾, 彭永清.从一维气候时间序列直接提取K熵及其可预报时间的估计[J].南京气象学院学报, 1994,17(3):350-374
[37]	刘式达,刘式适.分形和分维引论[M]. 北京:气象科学出版社,1993

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Predictability Time Scale and Fractal Characteristics of Temporal \nVariation of Eucommia ulmoides Plantation Transpiration

Abstract: A case study with Eucommia ulmoides plantation in the mountainous region of North-China, predictability and fractal characteristics of temporal variation of trees transpiration were analyzed by using the method of reconstructing phase space when the lag time is 30 minutes. Transpiration measured with the technique of thermal dissipation probes in 2005 and 2006, The results showed that temporal variation of the plantation transpiration is a chaotic motion and characterized with fractal pattern and predictability during the main growth season. The fractal dimension (D), Renyi entropy (K2), embedding dimensions and the average predictability time scale of time series for the trees transpiration were 1.673, 0.002 49, 9 and 401.0 minutes in 2005,respectively, and 1.525, 0.002 53, 10 and 394.8 minutes in 2006. There existed significant difference in external appearance of temporal variation or in the amount of transpiration between the two years, but no difference about D and K2 at the same lag time. It is concluded that there were no differences in natural characteristics or internal patterns of time series in different years.

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Reference (37)

[1]	Mandelbrot B B. The Fractal Geometry of Nature[M].San Francisco: Freemann,1982
[2]	贾丽会,张修如.分形理论及在信号处理中的应用[J]. 计算机技术与发展,2007,17(9):203-205,209
[3]	冯新灵, 罗隆诚, 邱丽丽,等. 青藏高原至中国东部年雨日变化趋势的分形研究[J].地理研究,2007,26(4):835-843
[4]	路琴,杨明,何春霞. 分形理论及其在农业科学与工程中的应用[J].土壤通报,2009,40(3):716-720
[5]	时少英,刘式达,付遵涛,等.天气和气候的时间序列特征分析[J]. 地球物理学报,2005 ,48 (2) :259-264
[6]	张晓伟,沈冰,孟彩侠.和田绿洲水文气象要素分形特征与R/S分析[J]. 中国农业气象,2008, 29 (1) : 12-15
[7]	Fraedrich K. Estimating the dimensions of weather and climate attractor[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1986,43: 419-432
[8]	刘式达,郑祖光.气候层次和分维数[J].气象学报,1993,51(3):333-342
[9]	付昱华.分形方法分析和预测月平均海面水温[J].海洋预报,1995,12(1):49-54
[10]	龚道溢, 仪垂祥.气候代用资料的分形研究[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版, 1995,31(3):400-402
[11]	辛国君.气候噪声和气候系统的分维[J]. 应用气象学报,1997,8(1) :85-91
[12]	周春林,袁林旺.不同时间尺度气候变化的分维研究[J].灾害学,1997,12(2):6-10
[13]	刘罡, 李昕, 胡非.大气边界层风速脉动的分形模拟[J].气候与环境研究,1998, 3(3):260-265
[14]	王宝灵, 谢金南, 俞亚勋.西北地区降水混沌特性的初步分析[J].高原气象,2000,19(1):25-31
[15]	董山 ,徐建华 ,陈亚宁.塔里木盆地年平均气温的分形特征研究[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(1):17-22
[16]	刘德平. 分形理论在水文过程形态特征分析中的应用 . 水利学报, 1998 (2) : 20-25
[17]	黄国如,芮孝芳. 流域降雨径流时间序列的混沌识别及其预测研究进展[J]. 水科学进展, 2004,15(2):255-260
[18]	丁晶,邓育仁,傅军.洪水相空间预测[J].成都科技大学学报,1995(4):7-11
[19]	丁涛,周惠成,黄健辉. 混沌水文时间序列区间预测研究[J].水利学报,2004, 35(12):15-19
[20]	李荣峰,沈冰,张金凯. 基于相空间重构的水文自记忆预测模型[J].水利学报,2006,37(5):583-286
[21]	王卫光,彭世彰,罗玉峰.参考作物腾发量的混沌性识别及预测[J].水利学报,2008,39(9): 1030-1036\n 李素萍,姚洪兴.多变量时间序列分析及其应用 . 科学技术与工程,2008,8(11):2764-2769,2774
[22]	孟平.苹果树蒸腾耗水特征及水分胁迫诊断预报模型研究[M].北京:气象科学出版社,2005
[23]	张劲松, 孟平, 高峻,等. 山茱萸人工林蒸腾速率混沌及分形特征[J].生态学杂志, 2008,27(4):661-664
[24]	刘丙军, 邵东国, 沈新平. 参考作物腾发量时间分形特征研究[J]. 灌溉排水学报,2006, 25(5): 9-13
[25]	李毅,周慧,李秦. 基于R / S 分析的参考作物腾发量时间序列分形特征[J]. 节水灌溉,2008(4):4-7
[26]	谢先红,崔远来,周玉桃.参考作物腾发量时间序列的长程相关性和多重分形分布[J].水利学报,2008,39(12):1327-1333
[27]	Fredrik L, Anders L.Transpiration response to soil moisture in pine and spruce trees in Sweden[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2002,112: 67-85
[28]	陈仁升,康尔泗,赵文智,等.中国西北干旱区树木蒸腾对气象因子的响应[J]. 生态学报,2004,24(3):477-485
[29]	Grainier A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements[J]. Tree physiology, 1987,3:309-320
[30]	Wullschleger S, Meinzer F C, Vertessy R A. A review of whole-plant water use studies in trees[J]. Tree physiology, 1998,18:499-512
[31]	Herbst M, Roberts J, Rosier P, et al. Season and interannual variability of canopy transpiration of a hedgerow in southern England[J]. Tree physiology, 2007,27:321-333
[32]	Herbst M, John Roberts M, Rosier P. et al.Edge effects and forest water use: A field study in a mixed deciduous woodland[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2007, 250:176-186
[33]	Grainier A, Huc R, Barigah S T. Transpiration of natural rain forest and its dependence on climatic factors[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,1996,78: 19-29
[34]	Saugier B, Grainier A,Pontailler J, et al. Transpiration of a boreal pine forest measured by branch bag, sap flow and micromeorological methods[J]. Tree physiology,1997,17: 511-519
[35]	Kumagai T,Aoki S, Nagasawa T, et al.Effects of tree-to-tree and radial variations on sap flow estimates of transpiration in Japanese cedar[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ,2005,135: 110-116
[36]	朱育峰, 严绍瑾, 彭永清.从一维气候时间序列直接提取K熵及其可预报时间的估计[J].南京气象学院学报, 1994,17(3):350-374
[37]	刘式达,刘式适.分形和分维引论[M]. 北京:气象科学出版社,1993

Predictability Time Scale and Fractal Characteristics of Temporal \nVariation of Eucommia ulmoides Plantation Transpiration

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Predictability Time Scale and Fractal Characteristics of Temporal \nVariation of Eucommia ulmoides Plantation Transpiration

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