Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytes in Different Restoration Stages of  Monsoonal Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest Communities

LI Shuai-feng; SU Jian-rong; LIU Wang-de; ZHANG Zhi-jun; LIU Qing-yun; LI Zhong-wen

Volume 24 Issue 2

Article Contents

Turn off MathJax

Article Navigation > Forest Research > 2011 > 24(2): 151-158

Citation:

Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytes in Different Restoration Stages of Monsoonal Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest Communities

1.
Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry
2.
Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, State Forestry Administration, Kunming 650224, China
3.
Forestry Research Institute of Pu’er Municipality, Pu’er 665000, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2010-11-06

Abstract

Vascular epiphytes are important components of species richness in monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest. Field data collection on vascular epiphytes was based on 0.81 hm2 plot (including 9 subplots) in different restoration stages (community of 15 years restoration (15 a), community of 30 years restoration (30 a)) and primary monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest distribute in Caiyanghe Nature Reserve, Yixiang Township and Xinfang reservoir, Pu’er city, Yunnan, China. On the basis of analyzing vascular epiphytes species richness, abundance, distribution, similarity coefficient, the relationship between epiphytes and phorophytes was discussed. The results showed that: (1) 3 116 vascular epiphytes, belonging to 22 species in 20 genera and 9 families were recorded in all plots. (2) The diversity of vascular epiphytes was low in restoration stages (15 a, 5 spp. and 30 a, 7 spp.) compared to primary forest (17 spp.). (3) The composition of epiphytic species in primary forests and the stand in restoration stages differed markedly: 15a harboured no orchid species but more fern species and primary forest hold more orchid species. Probably the families occurring only in primary forest sites which the authors studied may be used as bioindicators to determine the degree of restoration in monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest. (4) The epiphyte abundance was also lower in restoration stages. The declines in species number and abundance as well as the differences in species composition were mainly due to the less diversified phorophyte structure and less differentiated microclimate in the disturbed and secondary vegetation compared to the primary forest. Sørensen coefficient between 15 a and primary forest was higher than that between 30a and primary forest. (5) The vascular epiphytes were clumped horizontally in 3 community types. Vertically, vascular epiphytes of 15a were mainly distributed at 0~5 m and that of primary forest was up to 20 m. (6) Both the richness and abundance of vascular epiphytes species were significantly positively correlated with host tree size but no correlation existed for restoration stages.
- biodiversity,
- distribution,
- epiphyte,
- different restoration stages,
- monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest

References

[1]	刘文耀, 马文章, 杨礼攀. 林冠附生植物生态学研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 522-533
[2]	Benavides A M, Duque A J, Duivenvoorden J F, et al. A first quantitative census of vascular epiphytes in rain forests of Colombian Amazonia[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005, 14(3): 739-758
[3]	Ozanne C M P, Anhuf D, Boulter S L, et al. Biodiversity meets the atmosphere: a global view of forest canopies[J]. Science, 2003, 301(5630): 183-186
[4]	Hsu R, Wolf H D. Diversity and phytogeography of vascular epiphytes in a tropical-subtropical transition island,Taiwan[J]. Flora, 2009, 204(8): 612-627
[5]	Nieder J, Prosperí J, Michaloud G. Epiphytes and their contribution to canopy diversity[J]. Plant Ecology, 2001, 153(1/2): 51-63
[6]	Wolf J H D. The response of epiphytes to anthropogenic disturbance of pine-oak forests in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2005, 212(1/3): 376-393
[7]	刘广福, 臧润国, 丁易,等. 海南霸王岭不同森林类型附生兰科植物的多样性和分布[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(4): 396-408
[8]	徐海清, 刘文耀. 云南哀牢山山地湿性常绿阔叶林附生植物的多样性和分布[J]. 生物多样性, 2005, 13(2): 137-147
[9]	Nadkarni N M. Diversity of species and interactions in the upper tree canopy of forest ecosystems[J]. American Zoologist, 1994, 34(1): 70-78
[10]	Nadkarni N M, Matelson T J. Biomass and nutrient dynamics of epiphytic litterfall in a neotropical montane forest,Costa Rica[J]. Biotropica, 1992, 24(1): 24-30
[11]	Nadkarni N M, Solano R. Potential effects of climate change on canopy communities in a tropical cloud forest: an experimental approach[J]. Oecologia, 2002, 131(4): 580-586
[12]	Barthlott W, Schmit-Neuerburg V, Nieder J, et al. Diversity and abundance of vascular epiphytes: a comparison of secondary vegetation and primary montane rain forest in the Venezuelan Andes[J]. Plant Ecology, 2001, 152(2): 145-156
[13]	Marín A C, Wolf J H D, Oostermeijer J G B, et al. Establishment of epiphytic bromeliads in successional tropical premontane forests in Costa Rica[J]. Biotropica, 2008, 40(4): 441-448
[14]	Annaselvam J, Parthasarathy N. Diversity and distribution of herbaceous vascular epiphytes in a tropical evergreen forest at Varagalaiar,Western Ghats,India[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2001, 10(3): 317-329
[15]	Wolf J H D, Gradstein S R, Nadkarni N M. A protocol for sampling vascular epiphyte richness and abundance[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2009, 25(2): 107-121
[16]	刘广福, 丁易, 臧润国, 等. 海南岛热带天然针叶林附生维管植物多样性和分布[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(11): 1283-1293
[17]	Benzing D H. Vascular Epiphytes: General Biology and Related Biota[M]. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 31-42
[18]	Zotz G, Schultz S. The vascular epiphytes of a lowland forest in Panama—species composition and spatial structure[J]. Plant Ecology, 2008, 195(1): 131-141
[19]	Zhu H, Shi J P, Zhao C J. Species composition, physiognomy and plant diversity of the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern Yunnan[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005, 14(12): 2855-2870
[20]	Zotz G. Demography of the epiphyte orchid, Dimerandra emarginata[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 1998, 14(6): 725-741
[21]	Schmidt G, Zotz G. Inherently slow growth in two Caribbean epiphytic species: A demographic approach[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2002, 13(4): 527-534
[22]	Werner F A, Gradstein S R. Seedling establishment of vascular epiphytes on isolated and enclosed forest in an Andean landscape,Ecuador[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2008, 17(13): 3195-3207
[23]	Kreft H, Kster N, Küper W, et al. Diverstiy and biogeography of vascular epiphytes in Western Amazonia,Yasuní,Ecuador[J]. Journal of Biogeography, 2004, 31(9): 1463-1476
[24]	Laube S, Zotz G. Long-term changes of the vascular epiphyte assemblage on the palm Socratea exorrhiza in a lowland forest in Panama[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2006, 17(3): 307-314
[25]	Callaway R M, Reinhart K O, Moore G W, et al. Epiphyte host preferences and host traits: mechanisms for species-specific interactions[J]. Oecologia, 2002, 132(2): 221-230
[26]	Ackerman J D, Sabat A, Zimmerman J K. Seedling establishment in an epiphytic orchid: an experimental study of seed limitation[J]. Oecologia, 1996, 106(2): 192-198
[27]	Hirata A, Kamijo T, Saito S. Host trait preferences and distribution of vascular epiphytes in a warm-temperate forest[J]. Plant Ecology, 2009, 201(1): 247-254

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views(3023) PDF downloads(1729) Cited by()

Proportional views

Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytes in Different Restoration Stages of Monsoonal Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest Communities

1. Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry

2. Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, State Forestry Administration, Kunming 650224, China

3. Forestry Research Institute of Pu’er Municipality, Pu’er 665000, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2010-11-06

Abstract: Vascular epiphytes are important components of species richness in monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest. Field data collection on vascular epiphytes was based on 0.81 hm2 plot (including 9 subplots) in different restoration stages (community of 15 years restoration (15 a), community of 30 years restoration (30 a)) and primary monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest distribute in Caiyanghe Nature Reserve, Yixiang Township and Xinfang reservoir, Pu’er city, Yunnan, China. On the basis of analyzing vascular epiphytes species richness, abundance, distribution, similarity coefficient, the relationship between epiphytes and phorophytes was discussed. The results showed that: (1) 3 116 vascular epiphytes, belonging to 22 species in 20 genera and 9 families were recorded in all plots. (2) The diversity of vascular epiphytes was low in restoration stages (15 a, 5 spp. and 30 a, 7 spp.) compared to primary forest (17 spp.). (3) The composition of epiphytic species in primary forests and the stand in restoration stages differed markedly: 15a harboured no orchid species but more fern species and primary forest hold more orchid species. Probably the families occurring only in primary forest sites which the authors studied may be used as bioindicators to determine the degree of restoration in monsoonal broad-leaved evergreen forest. (4) The epiphyte abundance was also lower in restoration stages. The declines in species number and abundance as well as the differences in species composition were mainly due to the less diversified phorophyte structure and less differentiated microclimate in the disturbed and secondary vegetation compared to the primary forest. Sørensen coefficient between 15 a and primary forest was higher than that between 30a and primary forest. (5) The vascular epiphytes were clumped horizontally in 3 community types. Vertically, vascular epiphytes of 15a were mainly distributed at 0~5 m and that of primary forest was up to 20 m. (6) Both the richness and abundance of vascular epiphytes species were significantly positively correlated with host tree size but no correlation existed for restoration stages.

HTML

Reference (27)

[1]	刘文耀, 马文章, 杨礼攀. 林冠附生植物生态学研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 522-533
[2]	Benavides A M, Duque A J, Duivenvoorden J F, et al. A first quantitative census of vascular epiphytes in rain forests of Colombian Amazonia[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005, 14(3): 739-758
[3]	Ozanne C M P, Anhuf D, Boulter S L, et al. Biodiversity meets the atmosphere: a global view of forest canopies[J]. Science, 2003, 301(5630): 183-186
[4]	Hsu R, Wolf H D. Diversity and phytogeography of vascular epiphytes in a tropical-subtropical transition island,Taiwan[J]. Flora, 2009, 204(8): 612-627
[5]	Nieder J, Prosperí J, Michaloud G. Epiphytes and their contribution to canopy diversity[J]. Plant Ecology, 2001, 153(1/2): 51-63
[6]	Wolf J H D. The response of epiphytes to anthropogenic disturbance of pine-oak forests in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2005, 212(1/3): 376-393
[7]	刘广福, 臧润国, 丁易,等. 海南霸王岭不同森林类型附生兰科植物的多样性和分布[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(4): 396-408
[8]	徐海清, 刘文耀. 云南哀牢山山地湿性常绿阔叶林附生植物的多样性和分布[J]. 生物多样性, 2005, 13(2): 137-147
[9]	Nadkarni N M. Diversity of species and interactions in the upper tree canopy of forest ecosystems[J]. American Zoologist, 1994, 34(1): 70-78
[10]	Nadkarni N M, Matelson T J. Biomass and nutrient dynamics of epiphytic litterfall in a neotropical montane forest,Costa Rica[J]. Biotropica, 1992, 24(1): 24-30
[11]	Nadkarni N M, Solano R. Potential effects of climate change on canopy communities in a tropical cloud forest: an experimental approach[J]. Oecologia, 2002, 131(4): 580-586
[12]	Barthlott W, Schmit-Neuerburg V, Nieder J, et al. Diversity and abundance of vascular epiphytes: a comparison of secondary vegetation and primary montane rain forest in the Venezuelan Andes[J]. Plant Ecology, 2001, 152(2): 145-156
[13]	Marín A C, Wolf J H D, Oostermeijer J G B, et al. Establishment of epiphytic bromeliads in successional tropical premontane forests in Costa Rica[J]. Biotropica, 2008, 40(4): 441-448
[14]	Annaselvam J, Parthasarathy N. Diversity and distribution of herbaceous vascular epiphytes in a tropical evergreen forest at Varagalaiar,Western Ghats,India[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2001, 10(3): 317-329
[15]	Wolf J H D, Gradstein S R, Nadkarni N M. A protocol for sampling vascular epiphyte richness and abundance[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2009, 25(2): 107-121
[16]	刘广福, 丁易, 臧润国, 等. 海南岛热带天然针叶林附生维管植物多样性和分布[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(11): 1283-1293
[17]	Benzing D H. Vascular Epiphytes: General Biology and Related Biota[M]. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 31-42
[18]	Zotz G, Schultz S. The vascular epiphytes of a lowland forest in Panama—species composition and spatial structure[J]. Plant Ecology, 2008, 195(1): 131-141
[19]	Zhu H, Shi J P, Zhao C J. Species composition, physiognomy and plant diversity of the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern Yunnan[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2005, 14(12): 2855-2870
[20]	Zotz G. Demography of the epiphyte orchid, Dimerandra emarginata[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 1998, 14(6): 725-741
[21]	Schmidt G, Zotz G. Inherently slow growth in two Caribbean epiphytic species: A demographic approach[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2002, 13(4): 527-534
[22]	Werner F A, Gradstein S R. Seedling establishment of vascular epiphytes on isolated and enclosed forest in an Andean landscape,Ecuador[J]. Biodiversity and Conservation, 2008, 17(13): 3195-3207
[23]	Kreft H, Kster N, Küper W, et al. Diverstiy and biogeography of vascular epiphytes in Western Amazonia,Yasuní,Ecuador[J]. Journal of Biogeography, 2004, 31(9): 1463-1476
[24]	Laube S, Zotz G. Long-term changes of the vascular epiphyte assemblage on the palm Socratea exorrhiza in a lowland forest in Panama[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2006, 17(3): 307-314
[25]	Callaway R M, Reinhart K O, Moore G W, et al. Epiphyte host preferences and host traits: mechanisms for species-specific interactions[J]. Oecologia, 2002, 132(2): 221-230
[26]	Ackerman J D, Sabat A, Zimmerman J K. Seedling establishment in an epiphytic orchid: an experimental study of seed limitation[J]. Oecologia, 1996, 106(2): 192-198
[27]	Hirata A, Kamijo T, Saito S. Host trait preferences and distribution of vascular epiphytes in a warm-temperate forest[J]. Plant Ecology, 2009, 201(1): 247-254

Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytes in Different Restoration Stages of Monsoonal Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest Communities

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Proportional views

Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytes in Different Restoration Stages of Monsoonal Broad-leaved Evergreen Forest Communities

HTML

Catalog

Export File

Citation

Format

Content