Study of Soil Erosion Using 137Cs Method in Rocky Desertification Region of Northern Guangdong

ZHANG Su-hong; LI Sen; WU Bo; YAN Ping; WEI Xing-hu

Volume 24 Issue 2

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Study of Soil Erosion Using 137Cs Method in Rocky Desertification Region of Northern Guangdong

1.
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry
2.
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China
3.
Institute of Resource and Environment Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China

Abstract

Soil erosion is a main factor determining the ceasium-137 (137Cs) content and its redistribution in soil. Based on the field investigation in October, 2005 and the interpretation and analysis of TM images, this paper discussed the distribution of 137Cs in karst mountainous region in northern Guangdong, the soil erosion rate and erosion characters in rocky desertification land of different degrees. The 137Cs activity in soils in rocky desertification region of northern Guangdong averages (6.54±0.57) Bq·kg-1, and the 137Cs level in soils tends to decrease at first and then increase with the increase of the degree of rocky desertification, which shows that in severe rocky desertification stage, the soil particles around the bare rock adsorb the 137Cs collectively and the 137Cs is gradually enriched in depressions. The 137Cs reference inventory in the study region is (1 433.60±131.40) Bq·m-2, which is lower than the mean value of northern hemisphere. The 137Cs distribution in soil profile roughly conforms to an exponential distribution pattern, and the highest point appears in the range of 2-4 cm deep. The mean erosion rates of non-cultivated soil at slight and moderate rocky desertification land are 1 369.0 and 1 833.5 t·km-2·a-1 respectively. The erosion rate of cultivated soil is much higher than that of non-cultivated soil, and is much affected by slope.
- rocky desertification,
- ¹³⁷Cs method,
- ¹³⁷Cs reference inventory,
- soil erosion rate,
- Northern Guangdong

References

[1]	王世杰. 喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J]. 中国岩溶, 2002, 21 (2): 101-105
[2]	李阳兵, 王世杰, 容丽. 关于喀斯特石漠化和石漠化概念的讨论[J]. 中国沙漠, 2004, 24 (6): 689-695
[3]	周德全, 王世杰, 张殿发. 关于喀斯特石漠化研究问题的探讨[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2003, 22(2): 127-132
[4]	李林立, 况明生. 我国西南岩溶地区土地石漠化及对策[J]. 国土开发与整治, 2002, 12(9): 61-64
[5]	李阳兵,王世杰,王济. 岩溶生态系统的土壤特性及其今后研究方向[J]. 中国岩溶, 2006, 25 (4): 285-289
[6]	赵中秋,后立胜,蔡运龙. 西南喀斯特地区土壤退化过程与机理探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 2006, 13(3): 185-189
[7]	涂成龙,何腾兵, 林昌虎, 等. 贵州西部喀斯特石漠化地区草地土壤有机质和氮素变异特征初步研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2006, 20(2): 50-53
[8]	李元寿,王根绪, 王军德, 等. ¹³⁷Cs示踪法研究青藏高原草甸土的土壤侵蚀[J]. 山地学报, 2007, 25(1): 114-121
[9]	张明礼,杨浩,高明,等. 利用¹³⁷Cs示踪技术研究滇池流域土壤侵蚀[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(6): 1017-1025
[10]	吴永红,张虎林,寇权, 等.基于GIS与¹³⁷Cs技术的土壤侵蚀微观研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2007, 14(2): 40-42
[11]	张信宝, D L 赫吉特, D E 沃林.¹³⁷Cs法测算黄土高原土壤侵蚀速率的初步研究[J]. 地球化学, 1991 (3): 212-218
[12]	严平, 董光荣, 张信宝,等. 青海共和盆地土壤风蚀的¹³⁷Cs法研究Ⅱ——¹³⁷Cs 背景值与风蚀速率测定[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(4): 391-397
[13]	阎百兴,汤洁.黑土侵蚀速率及其对土壤质量的影响[J].地理研究, 2005, 24(4): 499-506
[14]	濮励杰,包浩生,彭补拙,等.¹³⁷Cs应用于我国西部风蚀地区土地退化的初步研究——以新疆库尔勒地区为例[J]. 土壤学报, 1998, 35(4): 441-449
[15]	Ritchie J C,McHenry J R. Application of radioactive fallout caesium-137 for measuring soil erosion and sediment accumulation rates and patterns: a review [J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1990, (19): 215-233
[16]	Walling D E, Quine T A. Use of caesium-137 as a tracer of erosion and sedimentation[M]// Handbook for the Application of the Caesium-137 Technique [M]. Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, 1993: 15-34
[17]	Yang H, Chang Q, Du M Y, et al. Quantitative model of soil erosion rates using ¹³⁷Cs for uncultivated soil [J]. Soil Science, 1998, 163(3): 248-256
[18]	Mitchell J K, Bubenzer G D, McHenry J R, et al. Soil loss estimation from fallout cesium-137 measurements[M]//Debit M,Garbles. Assessment of Erosion. Chichester (UK): John Willey & Sons, 1980: 393-401
[19]	Walling D E, Quine H. Improved models for estimating soil erosion rates from cesium-137 measurements [J]. Journal of Environment Quality, 1999, 28(2): 611-622
[20]	Zhang X B, Quine T A, Walling D E. Soil erosion rates on sloping cultivated land on the Loess Plateau near Ansai, Shaanxi Province, China: An investigation using ¹³⁷Cs and rill measurements [J]. Hydro Processes, 1998, 12: 171-189
[21]	张素红,李森,王金华,等. 近30年来粤北岩溶山区石漠化土地景观动态分析[J]. 林业科学研究,2008, 21(6): 761-767
[22]	Chappell A. Modeling the spatial variation of processes in redistribution of soil: digital models and ¹³⁷Cs in the southwest Niger [J]. Geomorphology, 1996, 17: 249-261
[23]	严平.¹³⁷Cs法在土壤风蚀研究中的应用 . 兰州: 中国科学院, 1999: 27-30
[24]	Tang X Y, Yang H, Du MY, et al. Identification of ¹³⁷Cs reference sites in Southeastern China [J]. Pedosphere, 2006, 16(4): 468-476
[25]	Yan P, Dong Z B, Dong G R, et al. Preliminary results of using ¹³⁷Cs to study wind erosion in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau [J]. Journal of arid environments, 2001, 47: 443-452
[26]	齐永青,张信宝,贺秀斌,等. 中国¹³⁷Cs本底值区域分布研究[J]. 核技术, 2006, 29 (1): 42-50
[27]	王玉宽,文安邦,张信宝. 长江上游重点水土流失区坡耕地土壤侵蚀的¹³⁷Cs法研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2003, 17 (2): 77-80
[28]	濮励杰,包浩生,Higgitt D L. 土地退化方法应用初步研究－以闽西沙县东溪流域为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 1999, 14 (1): 55-61
[29]	曹慧,杨浩,唐翔宇,等. ¹³⁷Cs技术对长江三角洲丘陵区小流域土壤侵蚀初步估算[J]. 水土保持学报, 2001, 15 (1): 13-15
[30]	张燕,张洪,彭补拙,等. 不同土地利用方式下农地土壤侵蚀与养分流失[J]. 水土保持通报, 2003, 23 (1): 23-27, 31
[31]	朱永懿,杨俊诚,陈景坚.中国对¹³⁷Cs在农业环境中行为的研究进展[J]. 中国核科技报告, 1997 (00): 1-7
[32]	齐孟文,王琳.土壤侵蚀¹³⁷Cs测定的示踪法原理及常用模型[J]. 中国水土保持, 2004 (7): 16-17
[33]	严平,高尚玉,董光荣.土壤颗粒组成影响¹³⁷Cs含量的初步实验结果[J]. 中国沙漠, 2002, 22(2): 150-153
[34]	韦启璠.我国南方喀斯特区土壤侵蚀特点及防治途径[J]. 水土保持研究, 1996, 24 (2): 42-47
[35]	柴宗新.试论广西岩溶区的土壤侵蚀[J]. 山地研究, 1989, 7 (4): 255-259
[36]	陈廉杰.森林土壤允许流失量的研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 1993, 7 (1): 18-22
[37]	陈晓平.喀斯特山区环境土壤侵蚀特征的分析研究[J]. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1997, 13 (4): 31-36

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Study of Soil Erosion Using 137Cs Method in Rocky Desertification Region of Northern Guangdong

1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry

2. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

3. Institute of Resource and Environment Science, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China

Abstract: Soil erosion is a main factor determining the ceasium-137 (137Cs) content and its redistribution in soil. Based on the field investigation in October, 2005 and the interpretation and analysis of TM images, this paper discussed the distribution of 137Cs in karst mountainous region in northern Guangdong, the soil erosion rate and erosion characters in rocky desertification land of different degrees. The 137Cs activity in soils in rocky desertification region of northern Guangdong averages (6.54±0.57) Bq·kg-1, and the 137Cs level in soils tends to decrease at first and then increase with the increase of the degree of rocky desertification, which shows that in severe rocky desertification stage, the soil particles around the bare rock adsorb the 137Cs collectively and the 137Cs is gradually enriched in depressions. The 137Cs reference inventory in the study region is (1 433.60±131.40) Bq·m-2, which is lower than the mean value of northern hemisphere. The 137Cs distribution in soil profile roughly conforms to an exponential distribution pattern, and the highest point appears in the range of 2-4 cm deep. The mean erosion rates of non-cultivated soil at slight and moderate rocky desertification land are 1 369.0 and 1 833.5 t·km-2·a-1 respectively. The erosion rate of cultivated soil is much higher than that of non-cultivated soil, and is much affected by slope.

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Reference (37)

[1]	王世杰. 喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J]. 中国岩溶, 2002, 21 (2): 101-105
[2]	李阳兵, 王世杰, 容丽. 关于喀斯特石漠化和石漠化概念的讨论[J]. 中国沙漠, 2004, 24 (6): 689-695
[3]	周德全, 王世杰, 张殿发. 关于喀斯特石漠化研究问题的探讨[J]. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2003, 22(2): 127-132
[4]	李林立, 况明生. 我国西南岩溶地区土地石漠化及对策[J]. 国土开发与整治, 2002, 12(9): 61-64
[5]	李阳兵,王世杰,王济. 岩溶生态系统的土壤特性及其今后研究方向[J]. 中国岩溶, 2006, 25 (4): 285-289
[6]	赵中秋,后立胜,蔡运龙. 西南喀斯特地区土壤退化过程与机理探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 2006, 13(3): 185-189
[7]	涂成龙,何腾兵, 林昌虎, 等. 贵州西部喀斯特石漠化地区草地土壤有机质和氮素变异特征初步研究[J]. 水土保持学报,2006, 20(2): 50-53
[8]	李元寿,王根绪, 王军德, 等. ¹³⁷Cs示踪法研究青藏高原草甸土的土壤侵蚀[J]. 山地学报, 2007, 25(1): 114-121
[9]	张明礼,杨浩,高明,等. 利用¹³⁷Cs示踪技术研究滇池流域土壤侵蚀[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(6): 1017-1025
[10]	吴永红,张虎林,寇权, 等.基于GIS与¹³⁷Cs技术的土壤侵蚀微观研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2007, 14(2): 40-42
[11]	张信宝, D L 赫吉特, D E 沃林.¹³⁷Cs法测算黄土高原土壤侵蚀速率的初步研究[J]. 地球化学, 1991 (3): 212-218
[12]	严平, 董光荣, 张信宝,等. 青海共和盆地土壤风蚀的¹³⁷Cs法研究Ⅱ——¹³⁷Cs 背景值与风蚀速率测定[J]. 中国沙漠, 2003, 23(4): 391-397
[13]	阎百兴,汤洁.黑土侵蚀速率及其对土壤质量的影响[J].地理研究, 2005, 24(4): 499-506
[14]	濮励杰,包浩生,彭补拙,等.¹³⁷Cs应用于我国西部风蚀地区土地退化的初步研究——以新疆库尔勒地区为例[J]. 土壤学报, 1998, 35(4): 441-449
[15]	Ritchie J C,McHenry J R. Application of radioactive fallout caesium-137 for measuring soil erosion and sediment accumulation rates and patterns: a review [J]. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1990, (19): 215-233
[16]	Walling D E, Quine T A. Use of caesium-137 as a tracer of erosion and sedimentation[M]// Handbook for the Application of the Caesium-137 Technique [M]. Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, 1993: 15-34
[17]	Yang H, Chang Q, Du M Y, et al. Quantitative model of soil erosion rates using ¹³⁷Cs for uncultivated soil [J]. Soil Science, 1998, 163(3): 248-256
[18]	Mitchell J K, Bubenzer G D, McHenry J R, et al. Soil loss estimation from fallout cesium-137 measurements[M]//Debit M,Garbles. Assessment of Erosion. Chichester (UK): John Willey & Sons, 1980: 393-401
[19]	Walling D E, Quine H. Improved models for estimating soil erosion rates from cesium-137 measurements [J]. Journal of Environment Quality, 1999, 28(2): 611-622
[20]	Zhang X B, Quine T A, Walling D E. Soil erosion rates on sloping cultivated land on the Loess Plateau near Ansai, Shaanxi Province, China: An investigation using ¹³⁷Cs and rill measurements [J]. Hydro Processes, 1998, 12: 171-189
[21]	张素红,李森,王金华,等. 近30年来粤北岩溶山区石漠化土地景观动态分析[J]. 林业科学研究,2008, 21(6): 761-767
[22]	Chappell A. Modeling the spatial variation of processes in redistribution of soil: digital models and ¹³⁷Cs in the southwest Niger [J]. Geomorphology, 1996, 17: 249-261
[23]	严平.¹³⁷Cs法在土壤风蚀研究中的应用 . 兰州: 中国科学院, 1999: 27-30
[24]	Tang X Y, Yang H, Du MY, et al. Identification of ¹³⁷Cs reference sites in Southeastern China [J]. Pedosphere, 2006, 16(4): 468-476
[25]	Yan P, Dong Z B, Dong G R, et al. Preliminary results of using ¹³⁷Cs to study wind erosion in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau [J]. Journal of arid environments, 2001, 47: 443-452
[26]	齐永青,张信宝,贺秀斌,等. 中国¹³⁷Cs本底值区域分布研究[J]. 核技术, 2006, 29 (1): 42-50
[27]	王玉宽,文安邦,张信宝. 长江上游重点水土流失区坡耕地土壤侵蚀的¹³⁷Cs法研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2003, 17 (2): 77-80
[28]	濮励杰,包浩生,Higgitt D L. 土地退化方法应用初步研究－以闽西沙县东溪流域为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 1999, 14 (1): 55-61
[29]	曹慧,杨浩,唐翔宇,等. ¹³⁷Cs技术对长江三角洲丘陵区小流域土壤侵蚀初步估算[J]. 水土保持学报, 2001, 15 (1): 13-15
[30]	张燕,张洪,彭补拙,等. 不同土地利用方式下农地土壤侵蚀与养分流失[J]. 水土保持通报, 2003, 23 (1): 23-27, 31
[31]	朱永懿,杨俊诚,陈景坚.中国对¹³⁷Cs在农业环境中行为的研究进展[J]. 中国核科技报告, 1997 (00): 1-7
[32]	齐孟文,王琳.土壤侵蚀¹³⁷Cs测定的示踪法原理及常用模型[J]. 中国水土保持, 2004 (7): 16-17
[33]	严平,高尚玉,董光荣.土壤颗粒组成影响¹³⁷Cs含量的初步实验结果[J]. 中国沙漠, 2002, 22(2): 150-153
[34]	韦启璠.我国南方喀斯特区土壤侵蚀特点及防治途径[J]. 水土保持研究, 1996, 24 (2): 42-47
[35]	柴宗新.试论广西岩溶区的土壤侵蚀[J]. 山地研究, 1989, 7 (4): 255-259
[36]	陈廉杰.森林土壤允许流失量的研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 1993, 7 (1): 18-22
[37]	陈晓平.喀斯特山区环境土壤侵蚀特征的分析研究[J]. 土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1997, 13 (4): 31-36

Study of Soil Erosion Using 137Cs Method in Rocky Desertification Region of Northern Guangdong

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Study of Soil Erosion Using 137Cs Method in Rocky Desertification Region of Northern Guangdong

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