Effects of Heteropogon contortus Competition on the Early Growth of Terminalia franchetii Seedlings in the Dry-Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

LIU Fang-yan; LI Kun; WANG Xiao-qing

Volume 27 Issue 4

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Effects of Heteropogon contortus Competition on the Early Growth of Terminalia franchetii Seedlings in the Dry-Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

1.
Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2014-02-15

Abstract

Terminalia franchetii is an endemic species, often form "savanna grass" landscape with native grasses Heteropogon contortus. But for a long time, T. franchetii seedlings are rarely successful establishment in the natural community. In order to investigate the effects of H. contortus on the early growth and survival of T. franchetii seedlings, through the indoor pot experiment and artificially controlling the intensity of competition between T. franchetii seedlings and H. contortus, the effects of H. contortus competition on T. franchetii seedlings' morphology, biomass accumulation and distribution as well as the number and size of leaves were studied. The results showed that, T. franchetii seedlings' morphology, biomass accumulation and distribution as well as the number and size of leaves were significantly affected by H. contortus competition and the early growth of T. franchetii seedlings were severely restricted. When competed by H. contortus, the biomass allocation pattern of T. franchetii seedlings could not be changed significantly, and the R/S ratios changed from 0.42 to 0.62. No matter when the T. franchetii seedlings settle down, their roots length and dry biomass would be limited because of shortened or reduced resources. However, the settlement time and survival status of T. franchetii seedlings play very important roles. The R/S ratios of the early settlers were higher than that of the later settlers and delayed settlers, and not affected by the competitive intensity of H. contortus. So the T. franchetii showed a strong competitiveness.
- Jinshajiang River,
- Dry-hot valley,
- Heteropogon contortus,
- Terminalia franchetii,
- seedling growth

References

[1]	Belsky A J. Tree grass ratios in East African savannas: a comparison of existing models [J]. Journal of Biogeography, 1990,17(4/5): 483-489
[2]	Harmer R, Robertson M. Seedling root growth of six broadleaved tree species grown in competition with grass under irrigated nursery conditions [J]. Annual Forestry Science, 2003,60(7): 601-608
[3]	Singarayer K F ,John E D F. Competition between Eucalyptus victrix seedlings and grass species[J].Ecological Research,2003,18(1):26-39
[4]	Walker J, Robertson J A, Penridge L K, et al. Herbage response to tree thinning in a Eucalyptus crebra woodland[J].Australian Journal of Ecology, 1986, 11(2):135-140
[5]	Bush J K , van Auken O W. Growth and Survival of Prosopis glandulosa Seedlings Associated with Shade and Herbaceous Competition [J]. Botanical Gazette,1990,151(2):234-239
[6]	金振洲,欧晓昆. 滇川干热河谷植被布朗布朗喀群落分类单位的植物群落学分类[J]. 云南植物研究, 1998,20(3): 279-294
[7]	云南省气象局. 云南农业气候资料集[M]. 昆明:云南人民出版社,1984
[8]	钟祥浩.干热河谷区生态系统退化及恢复与重建途径:以云南金沙江典型区为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2000,9(3): 376-383
[9]	张斌, 史凯, 刘春琼, 等. 元谋干热河谷近 50 年分季节降水变化的 DFA 分析[J]. 地理科学, 2009,29(4): 561-566
[10]	张建平, 王道杰, 王玉宽, 等.元谋干热河谷区生态环境变迁探讨[J]. 地理科学, 2000,20(2): 148-152
[11]	张风娟, 李继泉, 徐兴友, 等.环境因子对黄顶菊种子萌发的影响[J].生态学报, 2009,29(4): 1947-1953
[12]	Griscom B W, Ashton P M S. Bamboo control of forest succession: Guadua sarcocarpa in Southeastern Peru [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2003,175(1-3): 445-454.
[13]	Taylor A H, Jinyan H, ShiQiang Z. Canopy tree developmentandundergrowth bamboo dynamics in old-growth Abies-Betula forests in southwestern China: a 12-year study [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004,200(1-3): 347-360
[14]	马姜明, 刘世荣, 史作民, 等. 川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复过程中岷江冷杉天然更新状况及其影响因子[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009,33(4): 646-657
[15]	王微, 陶建平, 胡凯, 等. 华西箭竹对岷江冷杉林主要乔木树种幼苗结构及分布格局的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2007,43(1): 1-7
[16]	Hsiao T C, Acevedo E. Plant responses to water deficits, water-use efficiency, and drought resistance [J]. Agricultural Meteorology, 1974,14(1-2): 59-84
[17]	Sands R, David R Mulligan. Water and nutrient dynamics and tree growth[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,1990,30(1-4):91-111
[18]	De Steven D. Experiments on mechanisms of tree establishment in old-field succession: seedling survival and growth [J]. Ecology, 1991,72(3): 1076-1088
[19]	Ponce R G. Competition between barley and Lolium rigidum for nitrate [J]. Weed Research, 1998, 38(6): 453-460
[20]	马文红, 方精云.内蒙古温带草原的根冠比及其影响因素[J]. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 2006,42(6): 774-778
[21]	Florentine S K, Fox J E D. Competition between Eucalyptus victrix seedlings and grass species [J]. Ecological Research, 2003,18(1), 25-39

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Effects of Heteropogon contortus Competition on the Early Growth of Terminalia franchetii Seedlings in the Dry-Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

1. Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

Received Date: 2014-02-15

Abstract: Terminalia franchetii is an endemic species, often form "savanna grass" landscape with native grasses Heteropogon contortus. But for a long time, T. franchetii seedlings are rarely successful establishment in the natural community. In order to investigate the effects of H. contortus on the early growth and survival of T. franchetii seedlings, through the indoor pot experiment and artificially controlling the intensity of competition between T. franchetii seedlings and H. contortus, the effects of H. contortus competition on T. franchetii seedlings' morphology, biomass accumulation and distribution as well as the number and size of leaves were studied. The results showed that, T. franchetii seedlings' morphology, biomass accumulation and distribution as well as the number and size of leaves were significantly affected by H. contortus competition and the early growth of T. franchetii seedlings were severely restricted. When competed by H. contortus, the biomass allocation pattern of T. franchetii seedlings could not be changed significantly, and the R/S ratios changed from 0.42 to 0.62. No matter when the T. franchetii seedlings settle down, their roots length and dry biomass would be limited because of shortened or reduced resources. However, the settlement time and survival status of T. franchetii seedlings play very important roles. The R/S ratios of the early settlers were higher than that of the later settlers and delayed settlers, and not affected by the competitive intensity of H. contortus. So the T. franchetii showed a strong competitiveness.

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Reference (21)

[1]	Belsky A J. Tree grass ratios in East African savannas: a comparison of existing models [J]. Journal of Biogeography, 1990,17(4/5): 483-489
[2]	Harmer R, Robertson M. Seedling root growth of six broadleaved tree species grown in competition with grass under irrigated nursery conditions [J]. Annual Forestry Science, 2003,60(7): 601-608
[3]	Singarayer K F ,John E D F. Competition between Eucalyptus victrix seedlings and grass species[J].Ecological Research,2003,18(1):26-39
[4]	Walker J, Robertson J A, Penridge L K, et al. Herbage response to tree thinning in a Eucalyptus crebra woodland[J].Australian Journal of Ecology, 1986, 11(2):135-140
[5]	Bush J K , van Auken O W. Growth and Survival of Prosopis glandulosa Seedlings Associated with Shade and Herbaceous Competition [J]. Botanical Gazette,1990,151(2):234-239
[6]	金振洲,欧晓昆. 滇川干热河谷植被布朗布朗喀群落分类单位的植物群落学分类[J]. 云南植物研究, 1998,20(3): 279-294
[7]	云南省气象局. 云南农业气候资料集[M]. 昆明:云南人民出版社,1984
[8]	钟祥浩.干热河谷区生态系统退化及恢复与重建途径:以云南金沙江典型区为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2000,9(3): 376-383
[9]	张斌, 史凯, 刘春琼, 等. 元谋干热河谷近 50 年分季节降水变化的 DFA 分析[J]. 地理科学, 2009,29(4): 561-566
[10]	张建平, 王道杰, 王玉宽, 等.元谋干热河谷区生态环境变迁探讨[J]. 地理科学, 2000,20(2): 148-152
[11]	张风娟, 李继泉, 徐兴友, 等.环境因子对黄顶菊种子萌发的影响[J].生态学报, 2009,29(4): 1947-1953
[12]	Griscom B W, Ashton P M S. Bamboo control of forest succession: Guadua sarcocarpa in Southeastern Peru [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2003,175(1-3): 445-454.
[13]	Taylor A H, Jinyan H, ShiQiang Z. Canopy tree developmentandundergrowth bamboo dynamics in old-growth Abies-Betula forests in southwestern China: a 12-year study [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004,200(1-3): 347-360
[14]	马姜明, 刘世荣, 史作民, 等. 川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复过程中岷江冷杉天然更新状况及其影响因子[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009,33(4): 646-657
[15]	王微, 陶建平, 胡凯, 等. 华西箭竹对岷江冷杉林主要乔木树种幼苗结构及分布格局的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2007,43(1): 1-7
[16]	Hsiao T C, Acevedo E. Plant responses to water deficits, water-use efficiency, and drought resistance [J]. Agricultural Meteorology, 1974,14(1-2): 59-84
[17]	Sands R, David R Mulligan. Water and nutrient dynamics and tree growth[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,1990,30(1-4):91-111
[18]	De Steven D. Experiments on mechanisms of tree establishment in old-field succession: seedling survival and growth [J]. Ecology, 1991,72(3): 1076-1088
[19]	Ponce R G. Competition between barley and Lolium rigidum for nitrate [J]. Weed Research, 1998, 38(6): 453-460
[20]	马文红, 方精云.内蒙古温带草原的根冠比及其影响因素[J]. 北京大学学报: 自然科学版, 2006,42(6): 774-778
[21]	Florentine S K, Fox J E D. Competition between Eucalyptus victrix seedlings and grass species [J]. Ecological Research, 2003,18(1), 25-39

Effects of Heteropogon contortus Competition on the Early Growth of Terminalia franchetii Seedlings in the Dry-Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Effects of Heteropogon contortus Competition on the Early Growth of Terminalia franchetii Seedlings in the Dry-Hot Valley of Jinshajiang River

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