Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

HUANG Xue-man; LIU Shi-rong; YOU Ye-ming

Volume 27 Issue 5

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Article Navigation > Forest Research > 2014 > 27(5): 612-620

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Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

1.
Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forest University, Beijing 100083, China

Received Date: 2013-06-28

Abstract

In order to determine the effects of N-fixing tree species on the biomass and structure of soil microbial community of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China, The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to quantify the microbial community biomass and composition in Eucalyptus urophylla monoculture forest and a mixed Eucalyptus urophylla and Dalbergia odorifera forest on dry and wet season. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content, NH4-N, NO3-N, TN, and litter biomass in mixed forest were significantly higher by 17.77%, 41.62%, 85.59%, 25.38%, 19.12% compared with that in monoculture forest at 0~10 cm depth except soil carbon content. Also in the mixed forest, the bacterial community biomass significantly increased, but the fungal community biomass was significantly reduced. Likewise, the relative abundances of total bacterial community, Gram-positive bacterial communities were significantly increased in dry season, but the relative abundance of fungal communities were significantly declined. No significant difference was found in the relative abundance of other microbial communities between the two forests in wet season, except the total bacteria. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the soil microbial community structure in mixed forest was clearly separated from the monoculture forest on the PC2 axis (p4-N, and TOC were the dominant factors driving the changes of soil microbial community composition of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China. In addiction, the trench experiment showed that the root and root secreting labile material may be the important sources of microbial biomass carbon in the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations.
- microbial biomass,
- microbial community structure,
- PLFA,
- RDA,
- N-fixing tree species,
- Eucalyptus

References

[1]	FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 Main Report[R]. FAO Forestry Paper 140, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2001, 479.
[2]	Jiang Z H, Fei B H, Wang X M. Plantation forests for sustainable wood supply and development in China [J]. Chinese Forestry Science and Technology, 2003, 2(1): 20-23.
[3]	Chen D M, Zhang C L, Wu J P, et al. Subtropical plantations are large carbon sinks: Evidence from two monoculture plantations in South China [J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011, 151: 1214-1225.
[4]	Liu S R, Li X M, Niu L M. The degradation of soil fertility in pure larch plantation in the northeastern part of China [J]. Ecological Engineering, 1998, 10: 75-86.
[5]	Sicardi M, Préchac, Frioni L.Soil microbial indicators sensitive to land use conversion from pastures to commercial Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden)plantations in Uruguay [J]. Appl Soil Ecol, 2004, 27: 125-133.
[6]	Binkley D, Senock R, Bird S, et al. Twenty years ofstand development in pure and mixed stands of Eucalyptus saligna and nitrogen-fixing Facaltaria mollucana [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2003, 182: 93-102.
[7]	Forrester D I, Bauhus J, Cowie A L, et al. Mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus with nitrogen fixing trees: a review[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 233: 211-230.
[8]	Forrester D I, Bauhus J, Khanna P K. Growth dynamics in a mixed-species plantation of Eucalyptus globulus and Acacia mearnsii[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, 193: 81-95.
[9]	Kelty M J. The role of species mixtures in plantation forestry [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 233:195-204.
[10]	Welsh D T. Nitrogen fixation in sea grass meadows: regulation,plant-bacteria interactions and significance to primary productivity [J].Ecology Letters, 2000, 3: 58-71.
[11]	Vander Heijden M G A, Bardgett R D, vanStraalen N M. The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems [J]. Ecology Letters, 2008a, 11: 296-310.
[12]	Paul E A, Clark F E, Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry [M]. San Diego, CA, USA: Academic Press. 1997.
[13]	Li Q, Allen H L, Wilson C A, et al. Microbial biomass and bacterial functional diversity in forest soils: effects of organic matter removal, compaction, and vegetation control [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2004, 36: 571-579.
[14]	Rudrappa L, Purakayastha T J, Singh D, et al. Long-termmanuring and fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical India [J]. Soil Till Res, 2006, 88: 180-192.
[15]	Johnson D, Leake J R, Lee J A, et al. Changes in soil microbial biomass and microbial activities in response to 7 years pollutant nitrogen deposition on a heath land and two grasslands [J]. Environment Pollution, 1998, 103: 239-250.
[16]	Wallenstein M D, McNulty S, Fernandez I J, et al. Nitrogen fertilization decreasesforest soil fungal and bacterial biomass in three long-termexperiments [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 222: 459-468.
[17]	Treseder K K. Nitrogen additions and microbial biomass: a meta-analysis of ecosystem studies [J]. Ecology Letters, 2008, 11: 1111-1120.
[18]	Hendricks J J, Hendrick R L, Wilson C A, et al. Assessing the Patterns and Controls of Fine Root Dynamics: an Empirical Test and Methodological Review [J]. Journal of Ecology, 2006, 94: 40-57.
[19]	Nelson D W, Sommers L E. Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter, in: second ed.(Eds), Methods of Soil Analysis [M]. American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, 1996, 961-1010.
[20]	Bremner J M. Nitrogen-total[M]//Sparks D L (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA Book Ser, Madison, Wisconsin, 1996, 1085-1122.
[21]	Vance E D, Brookes P C, Jenkinson D S. An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1987, 19: 703-707.
[22]	Bossio D A, Scow K M. Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns [J]. Microbial Ecology, 1998, 35: 265-278.
[23]	Bligh E, Dyer W. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification [J]. Canadian Journal Biochemistry Physiology, 1959, 37: 911-917.
[24]	Tunlid A, Hoitink H A J, Low C, et al. Characterization of bacteria that suppress rhizoctonia damping-off in bark compost media by analysis of fatty-acid biomarkers [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1989, 55: 1368-1374.
[25]	Frostergard A, Bååth E. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil [J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22: 59-65.
[26]	张秋芳,刘波,林营志,等. 土壤微生物群落磷脂脂肪酸PLFA生物标记多样性[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(8): 4127-4137.
[27]	Kaye J P, Resh S C, Kaye M W, et al. Nutrient and carbon dynamics in a replacement series of Eucalyptus and Albizia trees [J]. Ecology, 2000, 81: 3267-73.
[28]	Resh S, Binkley D, Parrotta J. Greater soil carbon sequestration under nitrogen-fixing trees compared with Eucalyptus species [J]. Ecosystems, 2002, 5: 217-231.
[29]	Vitousek P. Ecosystem science and human-environment interactions in the Hawaiian archipelago [J]. Journal of Ecology, 2006, 94: 510-521.
[30]	Miltner A, Bombach P, Schmidt-Brücken B, et al. SOM genesis: microbial biomass as a significant source [J]. Biogeochemistry, 2011, DOI 10.1007/s10533-011-9658-z.
[31]	Nouvellon Y, Laclau J P, Epron D, et al. Production and carbon allocation in monocultures and mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in Brazil [J]. Tree physiology, 2012, 32: 680-695.
[32]	Resh S, Binkley D, Parrotta J. Greater soil carbon sequest湲条整獩?楮渠?浮楤捥牲漠扮楩慴汲?捧潥浮洭畦湩楸瑩祮?挠桴慲牥慥捳琠散牯業獰瑡楲捥獤?慷湩摴?猠漼楥汭￣潅牵杣慡湬楹捰?浵慳琼琯敥牭￣眠楳瑰桥?湩楥瑳爠潛杊敝渮?慅摣摯楳瑹楳潴湥獭?椬渠′琰眰漲?琠爵漺瀲椱挷愭氲″昱漮爼敢獲琾獛″嬳?崠???捚漠汇漬朠祆?????????㈠??????????????戯牥?嬾??嵐??慴湩杴汩敯祮???????畬渠杲慥瑳数???????礠捯潦爠牳桵楢穴慲汯?捩潣湡瑬爠潦汯獲?潳湴?戠敷汩潴睨朠牤潩畦湦摥?汥楮瑴琠敳牵?煣略慳汳楩瑯祮?孬?嵳???捥潳氠潩杮礠???ぴと?????????そ金??????t Ecology and Management, 2007, 243: 178-186.
[33]	Burton J, Chen C R, Xu Z H, et al. Soil microbial biomass, activity and community composition in adjacent native and plantation forests of subtropical Australia [J]. J Soils Sediments, 2010, 10: 1267-1277.
[34]	Myers R T, Zak D R, White D C, et al. Landscape-level patterns of microbial community composition and substrate use in upland forest ecosystems [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2001, 65: 359-367.
[35]	Benizri E, Amiaud B. Relationship between plants and soil microbial communities in fertilized grasslands [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 2042-2050.
[36]	Williamson W M, Wardle D A, Yeates G W. Changes in soilmicrobial and nematode communities during ecosystem decline across along-termchronosequence [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 1289-1301.
[37]	De Boer W, Folman L B, Summerbell R C, et al. Living in a fungal world: impact of fungi on soil bacterial niche development [J]. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 2005, 29: 795-811.
[38]	Bardgett R. The Biology of Soil-a Community and Ecosystem Approach [M]. Oxford University Press, New York, 2005, 242.
[39]	Brant J B, Myrold D D, Sulzman E W. Root controls on soil microbial community structure in forest soils [J]. Oecologia, 2006, 148: 650-659.
[40]	Carreiro M M, Sinsabaugh R L, Repert D A, et al. Microbial enzyme shifts explain litter decay responses to simulated nitrogen deposition [J]. Ecology, 2000, 81: 2359-2365.
[41]	Carney K M, Hungate B A, Drake B G,et al. Altered soil microbial community at elevated CO(2) leads to loss of soil carbon [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007, 104: 4990-4995.
[42]	Cusack D F, Silver W L, Torn M S, et al. Cha

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

1. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forest University, Beijing 100083, China

Received Date: 2013-06-28

Abstract: In order to determine the effects of N-fixing tree species on the biomass and structure of soil microbial community of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China, The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to quantify the microbial community biomass and composition in Eucalyptus urophylla monoculture forest and a mixed Eucalyptus urophylla and Dalbergia odorifera forest on dry and wet season. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content, NH4-N, NO3-N, TN, and litter biomass in mixed forest were significantly higher by 17.77%, 41.62%, 85.59%, 25.38%, 19.12% compared with that in monoculture forest at 0~10 cm depth except soil carbon content. Also in the mixed forest, the bacterial community biomass significantly increased, but the fungal community biomass was significantly reduced. Likewise, the relative abundances of total bacterial community, Gram-positive bacterial communities were significantly increased in dry season, but the relative abundance of fungal communities were significantly declined. No significant difference was found in the relative abundance of other microbial communities between the two forests in wet season, except the total bacteria. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the soil microbial community structure in mixed forest was clearly separated from the monoculture forest on the PC2 axis (p4-N, and TOC were the dominant factors driving the changes of soil microbial community composition of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China. In addiction, the trench experiment showed that the root and root secreting labile material may be the important sources of microbial biomass carbon in the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations.

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Reference (42)

[1]	FAO. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 Main Report[R]. FAO Forestry Paper 140, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2001, 479.
[2]	Jiang Z H, Fei B H, Wang X M. Plantation forests for sustainable wood supply and development in China [J]. Chinese Forestry Science and Technology, 2003, 2(1): 20-23.
[3]	Chen D M, Zhang C L, Wu J P, et al. Subtropical plantations are large carbon sinks: Evidence from two monoculture plantations in South China [J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011, 151: 1214-1225.
[4]	Liu S R, Li X M, Niu L M. The degradation of soil fertility in pure larch plantation in the northeastern part of China [J]. Ecological Engineering, 1998, 10: 75-86.
[5]	Sicardi M, Préchac, Frioni L.Soil microbial indicators sensitive to land use conversion from pastures to commercial Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden)plantations in Uruguay [J]. Appl Soil Ecol, 2004, 27: 125-133.
[6]	Binkley D, Senock R, Bird S, et al. Twenty years ofstand development in pure and mixed stands of Eucalyptus saligna and nitrogen-fixing Facaltaria mollucana [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2003, 182: 93-102.
[7]	Forrester D I, Bauhus J, Cowie A L, et al. Mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus with nitrogen fixing trees: a review[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 233: 211-230.
[8]	Forrester D I, Bauhus J, Khanna P K. Growth dynamics in a mixed-species plantation of Eucalyptus globulus and Acacia mearnsii[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, 193: 81-95.
[9]	Kelty M J. The role of species mixtures in plantation forestry [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 233:195-204.
[10]	Welsh D T. Nitrogen fixation in sea grass meadows: regulation,plant-bacteria interactions and significance to primary productivity [J].Ecology Letters, 2000, 3: 58-71.
[11]	Vander Heijden M G A, Bardgett R D, vanStraalen N M. The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems [J]. Ecology Letters, 2008a, 11: 296-310.
[12]	Paul E A, Clark F E, Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry [M]. San Diego, CA, USA: Academic Press. 1997.
[13]	Li Q, Allen H L, Wilson C A, et al. Microbial biomass and bacterial functional diversity in forest soils: effects of organic matter removal, compaction, and vegetation control [J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2004, 36: 571-579.
[14]	Rudrappa L, Purakayastha T J, Singh D, et al. Long-termmanuring and fertilization effects on soil organic carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical carbon pools in a Typic Haplustept of semi-arid sub-tropical India [J]. Soil Till Res, 2006, 88: 180-192.
[15]	Johnson D, Leake J R, Lee J A, et al. Changes in soil microbial biomass and microbial activities in response to 7 years pollutant nitrogen deposition on a heath land and two grasslands [J]. Environment Pollution, 1998, 103: 239-250.
[16]	Wallenstein M D, McNulty S, Fernandez I J, et al. Nitrogen fertilization decreasesforest soil fungal and bacterial biomass in three long-termexperiments [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006, 222: 459-468.
[17]	Treseder K K. Nitrogen additions and microbial biomass: a meta-analysis of ecosystem studies [J]. Ecology Letters, 2008, 11: 1111-1120.
[18]	Hendricks J J, Hendrick R L, Wilson C A, et al. Assessing the Patterns and Controls of Fine Root Dynamics: an Empirical Test and Methodological Review [J]. Journal of Ecology, 2006, 94: 40-57.
[19]	Nelson D W, Sommers L E. Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter, in: second ed.(Eds), Methods of Soil Analysis [M]. American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, 1996, 961-1010.
[20]	Bremner J M. Nitrogen-total[M]//Sparks D L (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA Book Ser, Madison, Wisconsin, 1996, 1085-1122.
[21]	Vance E D, Brookes P C, Jenkinson D S. An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1987, 19: 703-707.
[22]	Bossio D A, Scow K M. Impacts of carbon and flooding on soil microbial communities: phospholipid fatty acid profiles and substrate utilization patterns [J]. Microbial Ecology, 1998, 35: 265-278.
[23]	Bligh E, Dyer W. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification [J]. Canadian Journal Biochemistry Physiology, 1959, 37: 911-917.
[24]	Tunlid A, Hoitink H A J, Low C, et al. Characterization of bacteria that suppress rhizoctonia damping-off in bark compost media by analysis of fatty-acid biomarkers [J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1989, 55: 1368-1374.
[25]	Frostergard A, Bååth E. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil [J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1996, 22: 59-65.
[26]	张秋芳,刘波,林营志,等. 土壤微生物群落磷脂脂肪酸PLFA生物标记多样性[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(8): 4127-4137.
[27]	Kaye J P, Resh S C, Kaye M W, et al. Nutrient and carbon dynamics in a replacement series of Eucalyptus and Albizia trees [J]. Ecology, 2000, 81: 3267-73.
[28]	Resh S, Binkley D, Parrotta J. Greater soil carbon sequestration under nitrogen-fixing trees compared with Eucalyptus species [J]. Ecosystems, 2002, 5: 217-231.
[29]	Vitousek P. Ecosystem science and human-environment interactions in the Hawaiian archipelago [J]. Journal of Ecology, 2006, 94: 510-521.
[30]	Miltner A, Bombach P, Schmidt-Brücken B, et al. SOM genesis: microbial biomass as a significant source [J]. Biogeochemistry, 2011, DOI 10.1007/s10533-011-9658-z.
[31]	Nouvellon Y, Laclau J P, Epron D, et al. Production and carbon allocation in monocultures and mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in Brazil [J]. Tree physiology, 2012, 32: 680-695.
[32]	Resh S, Binkley D, Parrotta J. Greater soil carbon sequest湲条整獩?楮渠?浮楤捥牲漠扮楩慴汲?捧潥浮洭畦湩楸瑩祮?挠桴慲牥慥捳琠散牯業獰瑡楲捥獤?慷湩摴?猠漼楥汭￣潅牵杣慡湬楹捰?浵慳琼琯敥牭￣眠楳瑰桥?湩楥瑳爠潛杊敝渮?慅摣摯楳瑹楳潴湥獭?椬渠′琰眰漲?琠爵漺瀲椱挷愭氲″昱漮爼敢獲琾獛″嬳?崠???捚漠汇漬朠祆?????????㈠??????????????戯牥?嬾??嵐??慴湩杴汩敯祮???????畬渠杲慥瑳数???????礠捯潦爠牳桵楢穴慲汯?捩潣湡瑬爠潦汯獲?潳湴?戠敷汩潴睨朠牤潩畦湦摥?汥楮瑴琠敳牵?煣略慳汳楩瑯祮?孬?嵳???捥潳氠潩杮礠???ぴと?????????そ金??????t Ecology and Management, 2007, 243: 178-186.
[33]	Burton J, Chen C R, Xu Z H, et al. Soil microbial biomass, activity and community composition in adjacent native and plantation forests of subtropical Australia [J]. J Soils Sediments, 2010, 10: 1267-1277.
[34]	Myers R T, Zak D R, White D C, et al. Landscape-level patterns of microbial community composition and substrate use in upland forest ecosystems [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2001, 65: 359-367.
[35]	Benizri E, Amiaud B. Relationship between plants and soil microbial communities in fertilized grasslands [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 2042-2050.
[36]	Williamson W M, Wardle D A, Yeates G W. Changes in soilmicrobial and nematode communities during ecosystem decline across along-termchronosequence [J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37: 1289-1301.
[37]	De Boer W, Folman L B, Summerbell R C, et al. Living in a fungal world: impact of fungi on soil bacterial niche development [J]. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 2005, 29: 795-811.
[38]	Bardgett R. The Biology of Soil-a Community and Ecosystem Approach [M]. Oxford University Press, New York, 2005, 242.
[39]	Brant J B, Myrold D D, Sulzman E W. Root controls on soil microbial community structure in forest soils [J]. Oecologia, 2006, 148: 650-659.
[40]	Carreiro M M, Sinsabaugh R L, Repert D A, et al. Microbial enzyme shifts explain litter decay responses to simulated nitrogen deposition [J]. Ecology, 2000, 81: 2359-2365.
[41]	Carney K M, Hungate B A, Drake B G,et al. Altered soil microbial community at elevated CO(2) leads to loss of soil carbon [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007, 104: 4990-4995.
[42]	Cusack D F, Silver W L, Torn M S, et al. Cha

Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

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