The Variation of Biomass of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation along Slopes and It's Scale Effect in the Xiangshuihe Watershed of Liupan Mountains of China, Ningxia

WANG Yun-ni; DENG Xiu-xiu; WANG Yan-hui; CAO Gong-xiang; YU Peng-tao; XIONG Wei; XU Li-hong

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The Variation of Biomass of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation along Slopes and It's Scale Effect in the Xiangshuihe Watershed of Liupan Mountains of China, Ningxia

1.
Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China

Received Date: 2014-10-10

Abstract

In this study, one representative slopes covered by the 33-year-old Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation were selected in the small watershed of Xiangshuihe within the semi-humid region of Liupan Mountains, northwest China. Sixteen stand plots were set up continuous along the slope positions of slope top. The biomass was measured in the middle of growing season in 2014. The results showed that the mean biomass on the slope was 118.59 t/hm2, with a range of 96.19 139.18 t/hm2, and the variation range of 42.99 t/hm2 and the coefficient of variation was 0.12. The variation pattern of biomass along slope positions was shown a trend of first increase then decrease, reached the maximum at the middle-upper slope(horizontal slope length is 87.71 m). The biomass existed the slope scale effect. It was found that the moving averaged biomass (Y1) increases gradually with the increasing relative horizontal length (X1) of slope section from slope top. The relationship to express this scale effect on the shady slope is Y1=23.004X13-60.834X12+31.786X1+123.43(R2=0.84).The slope average of biomass increased 6.12 t/hm2 per 100 m increase in the slope length on the slope. The ratio of plot biomass to the slope average (Y2) varies nonlinearly along the relative horizontal distance of plots from slope top (X1), with the relation expressed as Y2=1.7226X13-2.8445X12+1.0338X1+1.0001(R2=0.57), This relation can be used to calculate the slope mean biomass from the biomass measured at certain slope position. The slope variation of biomass mentioned above is mainly caused by the comprehensive effect of solar radiationand duration of sunshine with the change of elevation along the slope.
- scale effect,
- slope variation,
- biomass

References

[1]	Yao T, Yang X, Zhao F, et al. Measuring forest structure and biomass in New England forest stands using Echidna ground-based lidar[J]. Remote sensing of Environment, 2011, 115(11):2965-2974.
[2]	Genet A, Wemsdorfer H, Jonard M, et al. Ontogeny partly explains the apparent heterogeneity of published biomass equations for Fagus sylvatica in central Europe[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2011, 261(7):1188-1202.
[3]	Alves L F, Vieira S A, Scaranello M A, et al. Forest structure and live aboveground biomass variation along an elevational gradient of tropical Atlantic moist forest (Brazil)[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260(5):679-691.
[4]	Namgail T, Rawat G S, Mishra C, et al. Biomass and diversity of dry alpine plant communities along altitudinal gradients in the Himalayas[J]. Journal of plant research, 2012, 125(1):93-101.
[5]	Hui D F, Wang J, Le X, et al. Influences of biotic and abiotic factors on the relationship between tree productivity and biomass in China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2012, 264:72-80.
[6]	Nogueira E M, Fearnside P M, Nelson B W, et al. Estimates of forest biomass in the Brazilian Amazon:New allometric equations and adjustments to biomass from wood-volume inventories[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008, 256(11):1853-1867.
[7]	陈德祥,李意德,骆土寿,等.海南岛尖峰岭鸡毛松人工林乔木层生物量和生产力研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(5):598-604.
[8]	Kajisa T, Murakami T, Mizoue N, et al. Object-based forest biomass estimation using Landsat ETM+ in Kampong Thom Province, Cambodia[J]. Journal of Forest Research, 2009, 14:203-211.
[9]	王晓莉,常禹,陈宏伟,等.黑龙江省大兴安岭森林生物量空间格局及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报,2014,25(4):974-982.
[10]	Miehle P, Grote R, Battaglia M, et al. Evaluation of a process based ecosystem model for long term biomass and stand development of Eucalyptus globulus plantations[J]. European Journal of Forest Research, 2010, 129:377-391.
[11]	侯兆疆,赵成章,董小刚,等.祁连山北坡天然草地不同尺度地上生物量空间格局对地形的响应[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(1):10-15.
[12]	王维芳,宋丽楠,隋摇欣.帽儿山林场生物量估测及时空动态格局分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(1):47-49.
[13]	刘双娜,周涛,舒阳,等.基于遥感降尺度估算中国森林生物量的空间分布[J].生态学报,2012, 32(8):2320-2330.
[14]	陶冶,张元明.荒漠灌木生物量多尺度估测——以梭梭为例[J].草业学报,2013,22(6):1-10.
[15]	郑路,蔡道雄,卢立华,等.南亚热带不同树种人工林生物量及其分配格局[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(4):454-458.
[16]	张国斌,李秀芹,佘新松,等.安徽岭南优势树种(组)生物量特征[J].林业科学,2012,48(5):136-140.
[17]	刘延惠,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.六盘山主要植被类型的生物量及其分配[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(4):443-452.
[18]	张田田,马履一,贾忠奎,等.华北落叶松幼中龄林的生物量与碳汇功能[J].东北林业大学,2012,40(12):32-35.
[19]	张春梅,焦峰,温仲明,等.延河流域自然与人工植被地上生物量差异及其土壤水分效应的比较[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(4):132-138.
[20]	明安刚,贾宏炎,陶怡,等.桂西南28年生米老排人工林生物量及其分配特征[J].生态学杂志.2012,31(5):1050-1056.
[21]	罗云建,张小全,王效科,等.华北落叶松人工林生物量及其分配模式[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(1):13-18.
[22]	Wen Y G, Chen F, Liu S R, et al. Relationship between species diversity and biomass of eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi, south China[J]. Frontiers of Forestry in China, 2009, 4(2):146-152.
[23]	曹恭祥.六盘山香水河小流域植被结构水文影响及其坡面尺度效应.中国林业科学研究院博士学位论文,2014.
[24]	Qiu Y, Fu B J, Wang J, Chen L D. Spatial variability of soil moisture content and its relation to environmental indices in a semi-arid gully catchment of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 2001, 49:723-750.
[25]	潘成忠,上官周平.黄土半干旱区坡地土壤水分、养分及生产力空间变异[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2061-2066.
[26]	黄志霖,傅伯杰,陈利顶.黄土丘陵区不同坡度、土地利用类型与降水变化的水土流失分异[J].中国水土保持科学, 2005, 3(4):11-18.
[27]	Dufour A, Gadallah F, Wagner H H, et al. Plant species richness and environmental heterogeneity in a mountain landscape:effects of variability and spatial configuration[J]. Ecography, 2006, 29(4):573-584.
[28]	Soethe N, Lehmann J, Engels C. Nutrient availability at different altitudes in a tropical montane forest in Ecuador[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2008, 24(4):397-406.
[29]	Carolina V E, William E M, Nazare A R, et al. Variation in aboveground tree live in a central Amazonian forest:effects of soil and topography[J]. Forest Ecology and Management. 2006, 234:85-96.
[30]	贾开心,郑征,张一平.西双版纳橡胶林生物量随海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(9):1028-1032.
[31]	时忠杰.六盘山香水河小流域森林植被的坡面生态水文影响.北京:中国林业科学研究院博士学位论文,2006.
[32]	Alves L F, Vieira S A, Scaranello M A, et al. Forest structure and live aboveground biomass variation along an elevational gradient of tropical Atlantic moist forest (Brazil). Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260(5):679-691.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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The Variation of Biomass of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation along Slopes and It's Scale Effect in the Xiangshuihe Watershed of Liupan Mountains of China, Ningxia

1. Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

2. Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China

Received Date: 2014-10-10

Abstract: In this study, one representative slopes covered by the 33-year-old Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation were selected in the small watershed of Xiangshuihe within the semi-humid region of Liupan Mountains, northwest China. Sixteen stand plots were set up continuous along the slope positions of slope top. The biomass was measured in the middle of growing season in 2014. The results showed that the mean biomass on the slope was 118.59 t/hm2, with a range of 96.19 139.18 t/hm2, and the variation range of 42.99 t/hm2 and the coefficient of variation was 0.12. The variation pattern of biomass along slope positions was shown a trend of first increase then decrease, reached the maximum at the middle-upper slope(horizontal slope length is 87.71 m). The biomass existed the slope scale effect. It was found that the moving averaged biomass (Y1) increases gradually with the increasing relative horizontal length (X1) of slope section from slope top. The relationship to express this scale effect on the shady slope is Y1=23.004X13-60.834X12+31.786X1+123.43(R2=0.84).The slope average of biomass increased 6.12 t/hm2 per 100 m increase in the slope length on the slope. The ratio of plot biomass to the slope average (Y2) varies nonlinearly along the relative horizontal distance of plots from slope top (X1), with the relation expressed as Y2=1.7226X13-2.8445X12+1.0338X1+1.0001(R2=0.57), This relation can be used to calculate the slope mean biomass from the biomass measured at certain slope position. The slope variation of biomass mentioned above is mainly caused by the comprehensive effect of solar radiationand duration of sunshine with the change of elevation along the slope.

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Reference (32)

[1]	Yao T, Yang X, Zhao F, et al. Measuring forest structure and biomass in New England forest stands using Echidna ground-based lidar[J]. Remote sensing of Environment, 2011, 115(11):2965-2974.
[2]	Genet A, Wemsdorfer H, Jonard M, et al. Ontogeny partly explains the apparent heterogeneity of published biomass equations for Fagus sylvatica in central Europe[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2011, 261(7):1188-1202.
[3]	Alves L F, Vieira S A, Scaranello M A, et al. Forest structure and live aboveground biomass variation along an elevational gradient of tropical Atlantic moist forest (Brazil)[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260(5):679-691.
[4]	Namgail T, Rawat G S, Mishra C, et al. Biomass and diversity of dry alpine plant communities along altitudinal gradients in the Himalayas[J]. Journal of plant research, 2012, 125(1):93-101.
[5]	Hui D F, Wang J, Le X, et al. Influences of biotic and abiotic factors on the relationship between tree productivity and biomass in China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2012, 264:72-80.
[6]	Nogueira E M, Fearnside P M, Nelson B W, et al. Estimates of forest biomass in the Brazilian Amazon:New allometric equations and adjustments to biomass from wood-volume inventories[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008, 256(11):1853-1867.
[7]	陈德祥,李意德,骆土寿,等.海南岛尖峰岭鸡毛松人工林乔木层生物量和生产力研究[J].林业科学研究,2004,17(5):598-604.
[8]	Kajisa T, Murakami T, Mizoue N, et al. Object-based forest biomass estimation using Landsat ETM+ in Kampong Thom Province, Cambodia[J]. Journal of Forest Research, 2009, 14:203-211.
[9]	王晓莉,常禹,陈宏伟,等.黑龙江省大兴安岭森林生物量空间格局及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报,2014,25(4):974-982.
[10]	Miehle P, Grote R, Battaglia M, et al. Evaluation of a process based ecosystem model for long term biomass and stand development of Eucalyptus globulus plantations[J]. European Journal of Forest Research, 2010, 129:377-391.
[11]	侯兆疆,赵成章,董小刚,等.祁连山北坡天然草地不同尺度地上生物量空间格局对地形的响应[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(1):10-15.
[12]	王维芳,宋丽楠,隋摇欣.帽儿山林场生物量估测及时空动态格局分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(1):47-49.
[13]	刘双娜,周涛,舒阳,等.基于遥感降尺度估算中国森林生物量的空间分布[J].生态学报,2012, 32(8):2320-2330.
[14]	陶冶,张元明.荒漠灌木生物量多尺度估测——以梭梭为例[J].草业学报,2013,22(6):1-10.
[15]	郑路,蔡道雄,卢立华,等.南亚热带不同树种人工林生物量及其分配格局[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(4):454-458.
[16]	张国斌,李秀芹,佘新松,等.安徽岭南优势树种(组)生物量特征[J].林业科学,2012,48(5):136-140.
[17]	刘延惠,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.六盘山主要植被类型的生物量及其分配[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(4):443-452.
[18]	张田田,马履一,贾忠奎,等.华北落叶松幼中龄林的生物量与碳汇功能[J].东北林业大学,2012,40(12):32-35.
[19]	张春梅,焦峰,温仲明,等.延河流域自然与人工植被地上生物量差异及其土壤水分效应的比较[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(4):132-138.
[20]	明安刚,贾宏炎,陶怡,等.桂西南28年生米老排人工林生物量及其分配特征[J].生态学杂志.2012,31(5):1050-1056.
[21]	罗云建,张小全,王效科,等.华北落叶松人工林生物量及其分配模式[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(1):13-18.
[22]	Wen Y G, Chen F, Liu S R, et al. Relationship between species diversity and biomass of eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi, south China[J]. Frontiers of Forestry in China, 2009, 4(2):146-152.
[23]	曹恭祥.六盘山香水河小流域植被结构水文影响及其坡面尺度效应.中国林业科学研究院博士学位论文,2014.
[24]	Qiu Y, Fu B J, Wang J, Chen L D. Spatial variability of soil moisture content and its relation to environmental indices in a semi-arid gully catchment of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 2001, 49:723-750.
[25]	潘成忠,上官周平.黄土半干旱区坡地土壤水分、养分及生产力空间变异[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2061-2066.
[26]	黄志霖,傅伯杰,陈利顶.黄土丘陵区不同坡度、土地利用类型与降水变化的水土流失分异[J].中国水土保持科学, 2005, 3(4):11-18.
[27]	Dufour A, Gadallah F, Wagner H H, et al. Plant species richness and environmental heterogeneity in a mountain landscape:effects of variability and spatial configuration[J]. Ecography, 2006, 29(4):573-584.
[28]	Soethe N, Lehmann J, Engels C. Nutrient availability at different altitudes in a tropical montane forest in Ecuador[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 2008, 24(4):397-406.
[29]	Carolina V E, William E M, Nazare A R, et al. Variation in aboveground tree live in a central Amazonian forest:effects of soil and topography[J]. Forest Ecology and Management. 2006, 234:85-96.
[30]	贾开心,郑征,张一平.西双版纳橡胶林生物量随海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(9):1028-1032.
[31]	时忠杰.六盘山香水河小流域森林植被的坡面生态水文影响.北京:中国林业科学研究院博士学位论文,2006.
[32]	Alves L F, Vieira S A, Scaranello M A, et al. Forest structure and live aboveground biomass variation along an elevational gradient of tropical Atlantic moist forest (Brazil). Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 260(5):679-691.

The Variation of Biomass of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation along Slopes and It's Scale Effect in the Xiangshuihe Watershed of Liupan Mountains of China, Ningxia

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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The Variation of Biomass of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation along Slopes and It's Scale Effect in the Xiangshuihe Watershed of Liupan Mountains of China, Ningxia

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