Physiological and Biochemical Changes During the Seed Development of Cypripedium japonicum

YAN Xiao-na; TIAN Min; WANG Cai-xia

Volume 28 Issue 6

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Physiological and Biochemical Changes During the Seed Development of Cypripedium japonicum

1.
Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

Received Date: 2015-04-02

Abstract

Two wild populations of Cypripedium japonicum from West Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province were used to study the physiological characteristics and variation of C. japonicum during seed development. The content of nutrients, endogenous hormones and enzyme activity of developing seeds were measured. The results are as follows:1) The soluble protein content peaked as 774.03μg·g-1 twenty days after pollination(DAP). And the value was minimized as 373μg·g-1 at 85 DAP. The starch content rose rapidly from the initial 2.65% to 21.82%, and peaked at 60 DAP. Thereafter the content maintained at about 20%. The soluble sugar content changed between 1.72% and 3.09%. There existed a highly significant positive correlation between starch and soluble sugar(PP3, ZR and IAA occurred in a time sequence, as 20 DAP, 30 DAP and 40 DAP. There was highly a significant positive correlation among them(PP3+ZR) and ABA peaked at 20 DAP, then this ratio decreased.(3) The SOD activity rose rapidly to a peak as 451.18 U·g-1·min-1 at 20 DAP, and then decreased until 85 DAP. The SOD activity and soluble protein trends kept consistent. Both POD activity and CAT activity showed a single peak curve. The SOD, POD and CAT had no significant correlation(P>0.05), but they showed a significant positive correlation with protein(P<0.05).
- Cypripedium japonicum,
- seed development,
- physiological and biochemical changes

References

[1]	林泉.浙江植物志[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社, 1993:490.
[2]	丁炳扬,李根有,傅承新,等.天目山植物志[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社, 2010:227.
[3]	郎楷永.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 2006:41-42.
[4]	刘芬,田敏,王彩霞,等.扇脉杓兰果实生长动态及胚胎发育过程观察[J].植物资源与环境学报, 2012, 21(1):28-35.
[5]	李桂强.珍稀濒危植物扇脉杓兰保护生物学研究.重庆:西南大学, 2011:24-26.
[6]	Sun H Q, Cheng J, Zhang F M, et al. Reproductive success of non-rewarding Cypripedium japonicum benefits from low spatial dispersion pattern and asynchronous flowering[J]. Annals of Botany, 2009, 103:1227-1237.
[7]	Chung J M, Park K W, Park C S, et al. Contrasting levels of genetic diversity between the historically orchid Cypripedium japonicum and the historically common orchid Cypripedium macranthos in South Korea[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 160(2):119-129.
[8]	Qian X, Li Q J, Liu F, et al. Conservation genetics of an endangered lady's slipper orchid:Cypripedium japonicum in China[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2014,15:11578-11596.
[9]	李星霖.东亚特有珍稀兰科植物扇脉杓兰的遗传多样性与谱系地理学研究.上海:华东师范大学,2014:21-30.
[10]	刘芬,李全健,王彩霞,等.濒危植物扇脉杓兰的花部特征与繁育系统[J].林业科学, 2013, 49(1):53-60.
[11]	Tsai W C, Hsiao Y Y, Pan Z J, et al. The role of ethylene in orchid ovule development[J]. Plant Sci, 2008, 175:98-105.
[12]	Zhang X S, Sharman D O. Ovary and gametophyte development are coordinately regulated by auxin and ethylene following pollination[J]. The Plant Cell, 1993, 5:403-418.
[13]	李全健,王彩霞,田敏,等.浙江扇脉杓兰野生居群的表型性状变异及其与地理-土壤养分因子的相关性[J].植物资源与环境学报, 2012, 21(2):45-52.
[14]	李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2000:164-167,182-185.
[15]	韩智龙.华北驼绒藜种子败育生理学机制的研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2008:11-29.
[16]	韩建国,毛培胜,牛忠联,等.老芒麦种子发育过程中的生理生化变化[J].草地学报, 2000, 8(4):237-244.
[17]	毛培胜,韩建国,王培,等.无芒雀麦种子发育过程中的生理生化变化[J].中国草地, 2001, 23(1):26-31.
[18]	汤章城.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004:314-315.
[19]	张红生,胡晋.种子学[M].北京:科学出版社, 2010, 6-73.
[20]	Pavithra H R, Balakrishna G, Shivanna M B. Biochemical changes in the composition of developing seeds of Pongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre.[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2014, 53:199-208.
[21]	马春晖,韩建国,孙洁峰,等.结缕草种子发育过程中生理生化变化的研究[J].草业学报, 2009, 18(6):174-179.
[22]	史鹏.同德小花碱茅幼穗分化的观察和种子发育过程中8个生理指标变化的研究.西宁:青海大学, 2012:20-26.
[23]	覃章铮,唐锡华,张晓艳,等.莲胚发育与核酸、蛋白质含量的变化[J].植物生理学报, 1989, 15(4):333-339.
[24]	Cangahuala G C, Caprestano C A, Guerra M P. Dynamics of physiological and biochemical changes during somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana[J]. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol, 2014, 50:166-175.
[25]	Fan W G, An H M, Liu G Q, et al. Changes of endogenous hormone contents in fruit, seeds and their effects on the fruit development of Rosa roxburghii[J]. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2003, 2(12):1376-1381.
[26]	Gawronska H, Burza W, Bolesta E, et al. Zygotic and somatic embryos of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) substantially differ in their levels of abscisic acid[J]. Plant Sci, 2000, 157:129-137.
[27]	Yin X, He D, Gupta R, et al. Physiological and proteomic analyses on artificially aged Brassica napus seed[J]. Front Plant Sci, 2015, 6:112.
[28]	Chen W, Lu L X. Endogenous hormones in relation to embryo development in litchi[J]. Acta Hort, 2001, 558:247-250.
[29]	何泽英,许定发,袁以苇.种子萌发的生理生化[M].南京:江苏科学出版社, 1987:12-78.
[30]	张艳红,国振杰,易津. 6种根茎禾草种子发育过程中内源激素变化规律的研究[J].种子, 2007, 26(8):8-12.
[31]	Tonini P P, Purgatto E, Buckeridge M S, et al. Effects of abscisic acid, ethylene and sugars on the mobilization of storage proteins and carbohydrates in seeds of the tropical tree Sesbania virgata(Leguminosae)[J]. Annals of Botany, 2010, 106:607-616.
[32]	Zhang X S, Li Q Z, Zheng C C. Hormonal regulation of post pollination development of Doritaenopsis flowers by auxin and ethylene[J]. Acta Phytophysiologica Sinica, 1999, 25(2):178-186.
[33]	冉景盛,向邓云,韩宗先.杂交稻种子萌发酶活性的变化[J].重庆工商大学学报, 2009, 26(4):388-393.
[34]	宋金凤,李锋,王亚军,等.低温胁迫下外源有机酸对长白落叶松幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].林业科学, 2012, 48(2):89-95.
[35]	周碧燕,陈杰忠,季作梁,等.香蕉越冬期间SOD活性和可溶性蛋白质含量的变化[J].果树科学, 1999, 16(3):192-196.
[36]	孙颖,卓丽环.百子莲种子发育生理生化特性[J].东北林业大学学报, 2010, 38(5):57-59.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Physiological and Biochemical Changes During the Seed Development of Cypripedium japonicum

1. Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

Received Date: 2015-04-02

Abstract: Two wild populations of Cypripedium japonicum from West Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province were used to study the physiological characteristics and variation of C. japonicum during seed development. The content of nutrients, endogenous hormones and enzyme activity of developing seeds were measured. The results are as follows:1) The soluble protein content peaked as 774.03μg·g-1 twenty days after pollination(DAP). And the value was minimized as 373μg·g-1 at 85 DAP. The starch content rose rapidly from the initial 2.65% to 21.82%, and peaked at 60 DAP. Thereafter the content maintained at about 20%. The soluble sugar content changed between 1.72% and 3.09%. There existed a highly significant positive correlation between starch and soluble sugar(PP3, ZR and IAA occurred in a time sequence, as 20 DAP, 30 DAP and 40 DAP. There was highly a significant positive correlation among them(PP3+ZR) and ABA peaked at 20 DAP, then this ratio decreased.(3) The SOD activity rose rapidly to a peak as 451.18 U·g-1·min-1 at 20 DAP, and then decreased until 85 DAP. The SOD activity and soluble protein trends kept consistent. Both POD activity and CAT activity showed a single peak curve. The SOD, POD and CAT had no significant correlation(P>0.05), but they showed a significant positive correlation with protein(P<0.05).

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Reference (36)

[1]	林泉.浙江植物志[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社, 1993:490.
[2]	丁炳扬,李根有,傅承新,等.天目山植物志[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社, 2010:227.
[3]	郎楷永.中国植物志[M].北京:科学出版社, 2006:41-42.
[4]	刘芬,田敏,王彩霞,等.扇脉杓兰果实生长动态及胚胎发育过程观察[J].植物资源与环境学报, 2012, 21(1):28-35.
[5]	李桂强.珍稀濒危植物扇脉杓兰保护生物学研究.重庆:西南大学, 2011:24-26.
[6]	Sun H Q, Cheng J, Zhang F M, et al. Reproductive success of non-rewarding Cypripedium japonicum benefits from low spatial dispersion pattern and asynchronous flowering[J]. Annals of Botany, 2009, 103:1227-1237.
[7]	Chung J M, Park K W, Park C S, et al. Contrasting levels of genetic diversity between the historically orchid Cypripedium japonicum and the historically common orchid Cypripedium macranthos in South Korea[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 160(2):119-129.
[8]	Qian X, Li Q J, Liu F, et al. Conservation genetics of an endangered lady's slipper orchid:Cypripedium japonicum in China[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2014,15:11578-11596.
[9]	李星霖.东亚特有珍稀兰科植物扇脉杓兰的遗传多样性与谱系地理学研究.上海:华东师范大学,2014:21-30.
[10]	刘芬,李全健,王彩霞,等.濒危植物扇脉杓兰的花部特征与繁育系统[J].林业科学, 2013, 49(1):53-60.
[11]	Tsai W C, Hsiao Y Y, Pan Z J, et al. The role of ethylene in orchid ovule development[J]. Plant Sci, 2008, 175:98-105.
[12]	Zhang X S, Sharman D O. Ovary and gametophyte development are coordinately regulated by auxin and ethylene following pollination[J]. The Plant Cell, 1993, 5:403-418.
[13]	李全健,王彩霞,田敏,等.浙江扇脉杓兰野生居群的表型性状变异及其与地理-土壤养分因子的相关性[J].植物资源与环境学报, 2012, 21(2):45-52.
[14]	李合生.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2000:164-167,182-185.
[15]	韩智龙.华北驼绒藜种子败育生理学机制的研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2008:11-29.
[16]	韩建国,毛培胜,牛忠联,等.老芒麦种子发育过程中的生理生化变化[J].草地学报, 2000, 8(4):237-244.
[17]	毛培胜,韩建国,王培,等.无芒雀麦种子发育过程中的生理生化变化[J].中国草地, 2001, 23(1):26-31.
[18]	汤章城.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004:314-315.
[19]	张红生,胡晋.种子学[M].北京:科学出版社, 2010, 6-73.
[20]	Pavithra H R, Balakrishna G, Shivanna M B. Biochemical changes in the composition of developing seeds of Pongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre.[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2014, 53:199-208.
[21]	马春晖,韩建国,孙洁峰,等.结缕草种子发育过程中生理生化变化的研究[J].草业学报, 2009, 18(6):174-179.
[22]	史鹏.同德小花碱茅幼穗分化的观察和种子发育过程中8个生理指标变化的研究.西宁:青海大学, 2012:20-26.
[23]	覃章铮,唐锡华,张晓艳,等.莲胚发育与核酸、蛋白质含量的变化[J].植物生理学报, 1989, 15(4):333-339.
[24]	Cangahuala G C, Caprestano C A, Guerra M P. Dynamics of physiological and biochemical changes during somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana[J]. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol, 2014, 50:166-175.
[25]	Fan W G, An H M, Liu G Q, et al. Changes of endogenous hormone contents in fruit, seeds and their effects on the fruit development of Rosa roxburghii[J]. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2003, 2(12):1376-1381.
[26]	Gawronska H, Burza W, Bolesta E, et al. Zygotic and somatic embryos of cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.) substantially differ in their levels of abscisic acid[J]. Plant Sci, 2000, 157:129-137.
[27]	Yin X, He D, Gupta R, et al. Physiological and proteomic analyses on artificially aged Brassica napus seed[J]. Front Plant Sci, 2015, 6:112.
[28]	Chen W, Lu L X. Endogenous hormones in relation to embryo development in litchi[J]. Acta Hort, 2001, 558:247-250.
[29]	何泽英,许定发,袁以苇.种子萌发的生理生化[M].南京:江苏科学出版社, 1987:12-78.
[30]	张艳红,国振杰,易津. 6种根茎禾草种子发育过程中内源激素变化规律的研究[J].种子, 2007, 26(8):8-12.
[31]	Tonini P P, Purgatto E, Buckeridge M S, et al. Effects of abscisic acid, ethylene and sugars on the mobilization of storage proteins and carbohydrates in seeds of the tropical tree Sesbania virgata(Leguminosae)[J]. Annals of Botany, 2010, 106:607-616.
[32]	Zhang X S, Li Q Z, Zheng C C. Hormonal regulation of post pollination development of Doritaenopsis flowers by auxin and ethylene[J]. Acta Phytophysiologica Sinica, 1999, 25(2):178-186.
[33]	冉景盛,向邓云,韩宗先.杂交稻种子萌发酶活性的变化[J].重庆工商大学学报, 2009, 26(4):388-393.
[34]	宋金凤,李锋,王亚军,等.低温胁迫下外源有机酸对长白落叶松幼苗生理生化特性的影响[J].林业科学, 2012, 48(2):89-95.
[35]	周碧燕,陈杰忠,季作梁,等.香蕉越冬期间SOD活性和可溶性蛋白质含量的变化[J].果树科学, 1999, 16(3):192-196.
[36]	孙颖,卓丽环.百子莲种子发育生理生化特性[J].东北林业大学学报, 2010, 38(5):57-59.

Physiological and Biochemical Changes During the Seed Development of Cypripedium japonicum

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Physiological and Biochemical Changes During the Seed Development of Cypripedium japonicum

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