Content and Distribution of Black Carbon in Typical Forest Soils in Changbaishan Mountains

SUN Jin-bing; SANG Ying; SONG Jin-feng; CUI Xiao-yang

Volume 29 Issue 1

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Content and Distribution of Black Carbon in Typical Forest Soils in Changbaishan Mountains

1.
Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China

Received Date: 2015-03-10

Abstract

Black Carbon (BC) is an important component of the soil carbon pool and plays important roles in the long-term carbon sequestration because of its chemical stability. Even though black carbon directly affects the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon in forest soil, systematic few studies were conducted on the content and distribution of black carbon. The content and distribution of black carbon in typical forest soils in Changbaishan Mountains was investigated with relative density method. The results showed that the content of BC in surface soil layer (A11) and sub-surface soil layer (A12) were 6.39~16.55 and 1.44~6.16 g·kg-1 respectively and the content decreased with the increase of soil depth (p11 and A12 was 66.66 and 6.65 g·kg-1 respectively; the average content of light-fraction black carbon (LFBC) was 5.63 g·kg-1 in A11 and 1.21 g·kg-1 in A12; the ratio of LFBC/LFOC in A12 (10.02%~34.89%)was significantly higher than that in A11 (6.99%~14.45%) (p11 and A12 were 49.16 and 36.55 g·kg-1 respectively; the average content of heavy-fraction black carbon (HFBC) was 2.69 g·kg-1 in A11 and 1.44 g·kg-1 in A12; the ratio of HFBC/HFOC was 3.36%~8.08% in A11 and 3.21%~7.58% in A12 and the difference was not significant (p>0.05). In addition, the content of LFBC/LFOC was significantly higher than HFBC/HFOC (ppp<0.01), and the coefficient of correlation was greater between LFOC and LFBC.
- Changbaishan Mountains,
- forest soil,
- black carbon,
- light fraction,
- heavy fraction,
- distribution character

References

[1]	Kuhlbusch T A J, Crutzen P J. Black carbon, the global carbon cycle, and atmospheric carbon dioxide[J]. Biomass Burning and Global Change, 1996, 1: 160-169.
[2]	Crutzen P J, Andreae M O. Biomass burning in the tropics: Impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles[J]. Science, 1990, 250(4988): 1669-1678.
[3]	Cao M, Woodward F I. Dynamic responses of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling to global climate change[J]. Nature, 1998, 393(6682): 249-252.
[4]	Schmidt M W I, Noack A G. Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2000, 14(3): 777-793.
[5]	张旭东,梁超,诸葛玉平,等. 黑碳在土壤有机碳生物地球化学循环中的作用[J]. 土壤通报, 2003, 34(4): 349-355.
[6]	Goldberg E D. Black Carbon in the Environment: Properties and Distribution[M]. John Wiley,New York, 1985.
[7]	Haumaier L, Zech W. Black carbon—possible source of highly aromatic components of soil humic acids[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1995, 23(3): 191-196.
[8]	杨弘,裴铁璠,关德新,等.长白山阔叶红松林土壤水分动态研究[J]. 应用生态学报,2006,17(4):587-591.
[9]	于振良,王庆礼.长白山阔叶红松林带内杨桦林动态模拟[J]. 应用生态学报,1997,8(5):455-458.
[10]	汲常萍,王慧梅,王文杰,等.长白山阔叶红松林表层矿质土壤不同组分中有机碳及氮库特征研究[J]. 植物研究,2014,34(3): 372-379.
[11]	杨丽韫,罗天祥,吴松涛.长白山原始阔叶红松林不同演替阶段地下生物量与碳, 氮贮量的比较[J]. 应用生态学报,2005,16(7): 1195-1199.
[12]	胡嵩,张颖,史荣久,等.长白山原始红松林次生演替过程中土壤微生物生物量和酶活性变化[J]. 应用生态学报,2013, 24(2): 366-366.
[13]	齐麟,于大炮,周旺明,等.采伐对长白山阔叶对红松林生态系统碳密度的影响[J]. 生态学报,2013,33(10):3065-3073.
[14]	吴志军,苏东凯,牛丽君,等.阔叶红松林森林资源可持续利用方案[J]. 生态学报,2015,35(1):24-30.
[15]	韩阳瑞. 透光抚育对长白山中期 "栽针保阔红松林碳收支的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2014,33(9):2296-2307.
[16]	李昌华. 长白山露水河施业区的土壤条件及其与林型分布和林木生长的关系[J]. 林业科学, 1963, 8(2):93-104.
[17]	徐摇媛. 长白山阔叶红松林土壤无机氮空间异质性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(7): 1627-1634.
[18]	Lim B, Cachier H. Determination of black carbon by chemical oxidation and thermal treatment in recent marine and lake sediments and Cretaceous-Tertiary clays[J]. Chemical Geology, 1996, 131(1): 143-154.
[19]	李维福, 解宏图, 郑立臣. 土壤有机质分组方法研究进展[J]. 农业系统科学与综合研究, 2008, 24(3): 338-343.
[20]	Greenland D J, Ford G W. Separation of partially humified organic materials from soils by ultrasonic dispersion[C]//8th International Congress of Soil Science, Bucharest. 1964, 2: 137-147.
[21]	Janzen H H, Campbell C A, Brandt S A, et al. Light-fraction organic matter in soils from long-term crop rotations[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1992, 56(6): 1799-1806.
[22]	Rumpel C, Alexis M, Chabbi A, et al. Black carbon contribution to soil organic matter composition in tropical sloping land under slash and burn agriculture[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 130(1): 35-46.
[23]	于小玲, 佟小刚, 杨学云, 等. 长期施肥对 (土娄) 土黑碳积累的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6) : 1404-1411.
[24]	刘兆云, 章明奎. 林地土壤中黑碳的出现及分布特点[J]. 浙江林学院学报, 2009, 26(3): 341-345.
[25]	Lynch J A, Clark J S, Stocks B J. Charcoal production, dispersal, and deposition from the Fort Providence experimental fire: interpreting fire regimes from charcoal records in boreal forests[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2004, 34(8): 1642-1656.
[26]	Ussiri D A N, Johnson C E. Characterization of organic matter in a northern hardwood forest soil by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and chemical methods[J]. Geoderma, 2003, 111(1): 123-149.
[27]	Hammes K, Torn M S, Lapenas A G, et al. Centennial black carbon turnover observed in a Russian steppe soil[J]. Biogeosciences, 2008, 5(5): 1339-1350.
[28]	Brodowski S, Amelung W, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon contribution to stable humus in German arable soils[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 220-228.
[29]	Leifeld J, Fenner S, Müller M. Mobility of black carbon in drained peatland soils[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions, 2007, 4(2): 871-891.
[30]	Major J, Lehmann J, Rondon M, et al. Fate of soil-applied black carbon: downward migration, leaching and soil respiration[J]. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16(4): 1366-1379.
[31]	Dai X, Boutton T W, Glaser B, et al. Black carbon in a temperate mixed-grass savanna[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37(10): 1879-1881.
[32]	黄从德, 张健, 杨万勤, 等. 四川森林土壤有机碳储量的空间分布特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(3): 1217-1225.
[33]	商素云. 亚热带不同林分土壤有机碳组分及其结构特征研究[D]. 浙江农林大学, 2012.
[34]	Spycher G, Sollins P, Rose S. Carbon and nitrogen in the light fraction of a forest soil: vertical distribution and seasonal patterns[J]. Soil Science, 1983, 135(2): 79-87.
[35]	Kuhlbusch T A J, Andreae M O, Cachier H, et al. Black carbon formation by savanna fires: Measurements and implications for the global carbon cycle[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (1984-2012), 1996, 101(D19): 23651-23665.
[36]	Schmidt M W I, Skjemstad J O, Gehrt E, et al. Charred organic carbon in German chernozemic soils[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 1999, 50(2): 351-365.
[37]	Glaser B, Balashov E, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon in density fractions of anthropogenic soils of the Brazilian Amazon region[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2000, 31(7): 669-678.
[38]	Brodowski S, Amelung W, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon contribution to stable humus in German arable soils[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 220-228.
[39]	Garten Jr C T, Post III W M, Hanson P J, et al. Forest soil carbon inventories and dynamics along an elevation gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains[J]. Biogeochemistry, 1999, 45(2): 115-145.
[40]	Cambardella C A, Elliott E T. Methods for physical separation and characterization of soil organic matter fractions[J]. Geoderma, 1993, 56(1): 449-457.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Content and Distribution of Black Carbon in Typical Forest Soils in Changbaishan Mountains

1. Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China

Received Date: 2015-03-10

Abstract: Black Carbon (BC) is an important component of the soil carbon pool and plays important roles in the long-term carbon sequestration because of its chemical stability. Even though black carbon directly affects the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon in forest soil, systematic few studies were conducted on the content and distribution of black carbon. The content and distribution of black carbon in typical forest soils in Changbaishan Mountains was investigated with relative density method. The results showed that the content of BC in surface soil layer (A11) and sub-surface soil layer (A12) were 6.39~16.55 and 1.44~6.16 g·kg-1 respectively and the content decreased with the increase of soil depth (p11 and A12 was 66.66 and 6.65 g·kg-1 respectively; the average content of light-fraction black carbon (LFBC) was 5.63 g·kg-1 in A11 and 1.21 g·kg-1 in A12; the ratio of LFBC/LFOC in A12 (10.02%~34.89%)was significantly higher than that in A11 (6.99%~14.45%) (p11 and A12 were 49.16 and 36.55 g·kg-1 respectively; the average content of heavy-fraction black carbon (HFBC) was 2.69 g·kg-1 in A11 and 1.44 g·kg-1 in A12; the ratio of HFBC/HFOC was 3.36%~8.08% in A11 and 3.21%~7.58% in A12 and the difference was not significant (p>0.05). In addition, the content of LFBC/LFOC was significantly higher than HFBC/HFOC (ppp<0.01), and the coefficient of correlation was greater between LFOC and LFBC.

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Reference (40)

[1]	Kuhlbusch T A J, Crutzen P J. Black carbon, the global carbon cycle, and atmospheric carbon dioxide[J]. Biomass Burning and Global Change, 1996, 1: 160-169.
[2]	Crutzen P J, Andreae M O. Biomass burning in the tropics: Impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles[J]. Science, 1990, 250(4988): 1669-1678.
[3]	Cao M, Woodward F I. Dynamic responses of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling to global climate change[J]. Nature, 1998, 393(6682): 249-252.
[4]	Schmidt M W I, Noack A G. Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications, and current challenges[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2000, 14(3): 777-793.
[5]	张旭东,梁超,诸葛玉平,等. 黑碳在土壤有机碳生物地球化学循环中的作用[J]. 土壤通报, 2003, 34(4): 349-355.
[6]	Goldberg E D. Black Carbon in the Environment: Properties and Distribution[M]. John Wiley,New York, 1985.
[7]	Haumaier L, Zech W. Black carbon—possible source of highly aromatic components of soil humic acids[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1995, 23(3): 191-196.
[8]	杨弘,裴铁璠,关德新,等.长白山阔叶红松林土壤水分动态研究[J]. 应用生态学报,2006,17(4):587-591.
[9]	于振良,王庆礼.长白山阔叶红松林带内杨桦林动态模拟[J]. 应用生态学报,1997,8(5):455-458.
[10]	汲常萍,王慧梅,王文杰,等.长白山阔叶红松林表层矿质土壤不同组分中有机碳及氮库特征研究[J]. 植物研究,2014,34(3): 372-379.
[11]	杨丽韫,罗天祥,吴松涛.长白山原始阔叶红松林不同演替阶段地下生物量与碳, 氮贮量的比较[J]. 应用生态学报,2005,16(7): 1195-1199.
[12]	胡嵩,张颖,史荣久,等.长白山原始红松林次生演替过程中土壤微生物生物量和酶活性变化[J]. 应用生态学报,2013, 24(2): 366-366.
[13]	齐麟,于大炮,周旺明,等.采伐对长白山阔叶对红松林生态系统碳密度的影响[J]. 生态学报,2013,33(10):3065-3073.
[14]	吴志军,苏东凯,牛丽君,等.阔叶红松林森林资源可持续利用方案[J]. 生态学报,2015,35(1):24-30.
[15]	韩阳瑞. 透光抚育对长白山中期 "栽针保阔红松林碳收支的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2014,33(9):2296-2307.
[16]	李昌华. 长白山露水河施业区的土壤条件及其与林型分布和林木生长的关系[J]. 林业科学, 1963, 8(2):93-104.
[17]	徐摇媛. 长白山阔叶红松林土壤无机氮空间异质性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(7): 1627-1634.
[18]	Lim B, Cachier H. Determination of black carbon by chemical oxidation and thermal treatment in recent marine and lake sediments and Cretaceous-Tertiary clays[J]. Chemical Geology, 1996, 131(1): 143-154.
[19]	李维福, 解宏图, 郑立臣. 土壤有机质分组方法研究进展[J]. 农业系统科学与综合研究, 2008, 24(3): 338-343.
[20]	Greenland D J, Ford G W. Separation of partially humified organic materials from soils by ultrasonic dispersion[C]//8th International Congress of Soil Science, Bucharest. 1964, 2: 137-147.
[21]	Janzen H H, Campbell C A, Brandt S A, et al. Light-fraction organic matter in soils from long-term crop rotations[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1992, 56(6): 1799-1806.
[22]	Rumpel C, Alexis M, Chabbi A, et al. Black carbon contribution to soil organic matter composition in tropical sloping land under slash and burn agriculture[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 130(1): 35-46.
[23]	于小玲, 佟小刚, 杨学云, 等. 长期施肥对 (土娄) 土黑碳积累的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(6) : 1404-1411.
[24]	刘兆云, 章明奎. 林地土壤中黑碳的出现及分布特点[J]. 浙江林学院学报, 2009, 26(3): 341-345.
[25]	Lynch J A, Clark J S, Stocks B J. Charcoal production, dispersal, and deposition from the Fort Providence experimental fire: interpreting fire regimes from charcoal records in boreal forests[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2004, 34(8): 1642-1656.
[26]	Ussiri D A N, Johnson C E. Characterization of organic matter in a northern hardwood forest soil by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and chemical methods[J]. Geoderma, 2003, 111(1): 123-149.
[27]	Hammes K, Torn M S, Lapenas A G, et al. Centennial black carbon turnover observed in a Russian steppe soil[J]. Biogeosciences, 2008, 5(5): 1339-1350.
[28]	Brodowski S, Amelung W, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon contribution to stable humus in German arable soils[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 220-228.
[29]	Leifeld J, Fenner S, Müller M. Mobility of black carbon in drained peatland soils[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions, 2007, 4(2): 871-891.
[30]	Major J, Lehmann J, Rondon M, et al. Fate of soil-applied black carbon: downward migration, leaching and soil respiration[J]. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16(4): 1366-1379.
[31]	Dai X, Boutton T W, Glaser B, et al. Black carbon in a temperate mixed-grass savanna[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2005, 37(10): 1879-1881.
[32]	黄从德, 张健, 杨万勤, 等. 四川森林土壤有机碳储量的空间分布特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(3): 1217-1225.
[33]	商素云. 亚热带不同林分土壤有机碳组分及其结构特征研究[D]. 浙江农林大学, 2012.
[34]	Spycher G, Sollins P, Rose S. Carbon and nitrogen in the light fraction of a forest soil: vertical distribution and seasonal patterns[J]. Soil Science, 1983, 135(2): 79-87.
[35]	Kuhlbusch T A J, Andreae M O, Cachier H, et al. Black carbon formation by savanna fires: Measurements and implications for the global carbon cycle[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (1984-2012), 1996, 101(D19): 23651-23665.
[36]	Schmidt M W I, Skjemstad J O, Gehrt E, et al. Charred organic carbon in German chernozemic soils[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 1999, 50(2): 351-365.
[37]	Glaser B, Balashov E, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon in density fractions of anthropogenic soils of the Brazilian Amazon region[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2000, 31(7): 669-678.
[38]	Brodowski S, Amelung W, Haumaier L, et al. Black carbon contribution to stable humus in German arable soils[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 139(1): 220-228.
[39]	Garten Jr C T, Post III W M, Hanson P J, et al. Forest soil carbon inventories and dynamics along an elevation gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains[J]. Biogeochemistry, 1999, 45(2): 115-145.
[40]	Cambardella C A, Elliott E T. Methods for physical separation and characterization of soil organic matter fractions[J]. Geoderma, 1993, 56(1): 449-457.

Content and Distribution of Black Carbon in Typical Forest Soils in Changbaishan Mountains

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Content and Distribution of Black Carbon in Typical Forest Soils in Changbaishan Mountains

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