Effects of Intercropped Vigna radiata on Root Hydraulic Conductance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Juglans regia Seedlings

ZHANG Cui-ping; MENG Ping; ZHANG Jin-song; WAN Xian-chong

Volume 29 Issue 1

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Effects of Intercropped Vigna radiata on Root Hydraulic Conductance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Juglans regia Seedlings

1.
Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
3.
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2014-04-02

Abstract

One-year-old Juglans regia seedlings were intercropped with Vigna radiata in greenhouse. The root growth, root hydraulic conductance, and photosynthetic characteristics of J. regia seedlings were measured to explore the effects of V. radiata, a nitrogen fixing crop, on root water uptake and gas exchanges of the intercropped J. regia seedlings. The results showed that with nitrogen deprivation, the nitrogen-fixing V. radiate plantation increased nitrogen content in the soil and improved root growth of J. regia seedlings. However, under abundant nitrogen condition, V. radiata plantation inhibited root growth of J. regia. Nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced the root hydraulic conductivity of J. regia, and the root hydraulic conductivity was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen content in the soil. However, as for whole root hydraulic conductance of J. regia, nitrogen deprivation or high nitrogen (ordinary nitrogen supply plus V. radiata plantation) significantly inhibited the root hydraulic conductance. Stomatal conductance had the same trend with root hydraulic conductance in response to the treatments. With nitrogen deprivation, the light saturation point decreased, the light compensation point and dark respiration rate increased, the reduction of photosynthetic activity of mesophyll, leading to the decrease of photosynthetic rate. With nitrogen deprivation, the nitrogen-fixing V. radiate facilitated the photosynthetic capacity of J. regia. In summary, with nitrogen deprivation, V. radiate facilitated root growth of the intercropped J. regia seedlings, and improved root hydraulic conductance and hence the leaf photosynthetic ability. However, with nitrogen abundance, V. radiata plantation inhibited root growth of J. regia and the whole root hydraulic conductance, and thus had a negative impact on the leaf photosynthetic ability.
- nitrogen nutrition,
- root growth,
- root hydraulic conductance,
- photosynthetic characteristics

References

[1]	张翠萍, 孟平, 张劲松, 等. 固氮植物绿豆对核桃幼苗生长、叶片气孔气体交换及水力特征的作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38 (5): 499-506.
[2]	Aerts R. Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 50(330): 29-37.
[3]	Brooker R W, Maestre F T, Callaway R M, et al. Facilitation in plant communities: the past, the present, and the future[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2008, 96(1): 18-34.
[4]	Sun S J, Meng P, Zhang J S. et al. Hydraulic lift by Juglans regia relates to nutrient status in the intercropped shallow-root crop plant[J]. Plant and Soil, 2014, 374(1-2): 629-641.
[5]	Mugendi D, Nair P, Mugwe J, et al. Alley cropping of maize with Calliandra and Leucaena in the subhumid highlands of Kenya: Part 2. Soil-fertility changes and maize yield[J]. Agroforestry systems, 1999, 46(1): 39-50.
[6]	Ghosh P, Bandyopadhyay K, Wanjari R, et al. Legume effect for enhancing productivity and nutrient use-efficiency in major cropping systems-an Indian perspective: a review[J]. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2007, 30(1): 59-86.
[7]	Jeranyama P, Hesterman O B, Waddington S R, et al. Relay-intercropping of sunnhemp and cowpea into a smallholder maize system in Zimbabwe[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2000, 92(2): 239-244.
[8]	Kwabiah A. Biological efficiency and economic benefits of pea-barley and pea-oat intercrops[J]. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2005, 25(1): 117-128.
[9]	Sarkar R, Sanyal S. Production potential and economic feasibility of sesame (Sesamum indicum)-based intercropping system with pulse and oilseed crops on rice fallow land[J]. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 2000, 45(3): 545-550.
[10]	Toomsan B, Cadisch G, Srichantawong M, et al. Biological N₂ fixation and residual N benefit of pre-rice leguminous crops and green manures[J]. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 2000, 48(1): 19-29.
[11]	Boyer J S. Water transport[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1985, 36(1): 473-516.
[12]	Forde B, Lorenzo H. The nutritional control of root development[J]. Plant and Soil, 2001, 232(1-2): 51-68.
[13]	Lovelock C E, Ball M C. Feller I C, et al. Variation in hydraulic conductivity of mangroves: influence of species, salinity, and nitrogen and phosphorus availability[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2006, 127(3): 457-464.
[14]	Kang S Z, Zhang J H. Controlled alternate partial root-zone irrigation: its physiological consequences and impact on water use efficiency[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2004, 55(407): 2437-2446.
[15]	Gorska A, Ye Q, Holbrook N M, et al. Nitrate control of root hydraulic properties in plants: translating local information to whole plant response[J]. Plant Physiol, 2008, 148(2): 1159-1167.
[16]	Clarkson D T, Carvajal M, Henzler T, et al. Root hydraulic conductance: diurnal aquaporin expression and the effects of nutrient stress[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2000, 51(342): 61-70.
[17]	Friend A L, Eide M R, Hinckley T M. Nitrogen stress alters root proliferation in Douglas-fir seedlings[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1990, 20(9): 1524-1529.
[18]	毛达如. 植物营养研究方法[M]. 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 1999.
[19]	李郑军, 许修宏. 不同地区大豆根瘤菌培养条件的优化[J].东北林业大学学报, 2009, 40(11): 11-13.
[20]	Steudle E, Peterson C A. How does water get through roots[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1998, 49(322):775-788.
[21]	姚利民, 李伏生, 佟玲土, 等. 土壤水分有效性对梭梭苗根系导水率的动态影响[J]. 农业机械学报, 2011, 42(5): 68-72.
[22]	Wan X C, Zwiazek J J. Mercuric chloride effects on root water transport in aspen seedlings[J]. Plant Physiol, 1999, 121(3): 939-946.
[23]	张翠萍, 孟平, 李建中, 等. 磷元素和土壤酸化交互作用对核桃幼苗光合特性的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38 (12): 1345-1355.
[24]	Prioul J, Chartier P. Partitioning of transfer and carboxylation components of intracellular resistance to photosynthetic CO₂ fixation: a critical analysis of the methods used[J]. Annals of Botany, 1977, 41(4): 789-800.
[25]	Schipanski M, Drinkwater L, Russelle M. Understanding the variability in soybean nitrogen fixation across agroecosysterms[J]. Plant and soil, 2010, 329(1-2):379-397.
[26]	Fustec J, Lesulfleur F, Mahieu S, et al. Nitrogen rhizodeposition of legumes[J]. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2010, 30(1):57-66.
[27]	张虎天,郭丽琢,柴强,等.接种根瘤菌对豌豆/玉米体系根际细菌数量及氮营养的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报, 2011, 46 (1): 30-33.
[28]	郭丽琢,张虎天,何亚慧,等.根瘤菌接种对豌豆-玉米间作系统作物生长及氮素营养的影响[J].草业学报,2012,21(1):43-49.
[29]	姜琳琳, 韩立思, 韩晓日, 等. 氮素对玉米幼苗生长、根系形态及氮素吸收利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011,17(1):247-253.
[30]	Caldwell M, Dudley L, Lilieholm B. Soil solution phosphate, root uptake kinetics and nutrient acquisition: implications for a patchy soil environment[J]. Oecologia, 1992, 89(3): 305-309.
[31]	George E, Seith B, Schaeffer C, et al. Responses of Picea, Pinus and Pseudotsuga roots to heterogeneous nutrient distribution in soil[J]. Tree Physiology, 1997, 17(1): 39-45.
[32]	Steudle E. Water uptake by plant roots: an integration of views[J]. Plant and Soil, 2000, 226(1): 45-56.
[33]	慕自新, 张岁岐, 梁爱华, 等. 玉米整株根系水导与其表型抗旱性的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2005, 31(2): 203-208.
[34]	荀俊杰, 李俊英, 陈建, 等. 幼龄柠条细根现存量与环境因子的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(4):764-771.
[35]	Zobel R W. Sensitivity analysis of computer based diameter measurement from digital images[J]. Crop Science, 2003 43(2):583-591.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Effects of Intercropped Vigna radiata on Root Hydraulic Conductance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Juglans regia Seedlings

1. Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

2. College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

3. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2014-04-02

Abstract: One-year-old Juglans regia seedlings were intercropped with Vigna radiata in greenhouse. The root growth, root hydraulic conductance, and photosynthetic characteristics of J. regia seedlings were measured to explore the effects of V. radiata, a nitrogen fixing crop, on root water uptake and gas exchanges of the intercropped J. regia seedlings. The results showed that with nitrogen deprivation, the nitrogen-fixing V. radiate plantation increased nitrogen content in the soil and improved root growth of J. regia seedlings. However, under abundant nitrogen condition, V. radiata plantation inhibited root growth of J. regia. Nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced the root hydraulic conductivity of J. regia, and the root hydraulic conductivity was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen content in the soil. However, as for whole root hydraulic conductance of J. regia, nitrogen deprivation or high nitrogen (ordinary nitrogen supply plus V. radiata plantation) significantly inhibited the root hydraulic conductance. Stomatal conductance had the same trend with root hydraulic conductance in response to the treatments. With nitrogen deprivation, the light saturation point decreased, the light compensation point and dark respiration rate increased, the reduction of photosynthetic activity of mesophyll, leading to the decrease of photosynthetic rate. With nitrogen deprivation, the nitrogen-fixing V. radiate facilitated the photosynthetic capacity of J. regia. In summary, with nitrogen deprivation, V. radiate facilitated root growth of the intercropped J. regia seedlings, and improved root hydraulic conductance and hence the leaf photosynthetic ability. However, with nitrogen abundance, V. radiata plantation inhibited root growth of J. regia and the whole root hydraulic conductance, and thus had a negative impact on the leaf photosynthetic ability.

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Reference (35)

[1]	张翠萍, 孟平, 张劲松, 等. 固氮植物绿豆对核桃幼苗生长、叶片气孔气体交换及水力特征的作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38 (5): 499-506.
[2]	Aerts R. Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 50(330): 29-37.
[3]	Brooker R W, Maestre F T, Callaway R M, et al. Facilitation in plant communities: the past, the present, and the future[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2008, 96(1): 18-34.
[4]	Sun S J, Meng P, Zhang J S. et al. Hydraulic lift by Juglans regia relates to nutrient status in the intercropped shallow-root crop plant[J]. Plant and Soil, 2014, 374(1-2): 629-641.
[5]	Mugendi D, Nair P, Mugwe J, et al. Alley cropping of maize with Calliandra and Leucaena in the subhumid highlands of Kenya: Part 2. Soil-fertility changes and maize yield[J]. Agroforestry systems, 1999, 46(1): 39-50.
[6]	Ghosh P, Bandyopadhyay K, Wanjari R, et al. Legume effect for enhancing productivity and nutrient use-efficiency in major cropping systems-an Indian perspective: a review[J]. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2007, 30(1): 59-86.
[7]	Jeranyama P, Hesterman O B, Waddington S R, et al. Relay-intercropping of sunnhemp and cowpea into a smallholder maize system in Zimbabwe[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2000, 92(2): 239-244.
[8]	Kwabiah A. Biological efficiency and economic benefits of pea-barley and pea-oat intercrops[J]. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2005, 25(1): 117-128.
[9]	Sarkar R, Sanyal S. Production potential and economic feasibility of sesame (Sesamum indicum)-based intercropping system with pulse and oilseed crops on rice fallow land[J]. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 2000, 45(3): 545-550.
[10]	Toomsan B, Cadisch G, Srichantawong M, et al. Biological N₂ fixation and residual N benefit of pre-rice leguminous crops and green manures[J]. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 2000, 48(1): 19-29.
[11]	Boyer J S. Water transport[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1985, 36(1): 473-516.
[12]	Forde B, Lorenzo H. The nutritional control of root development[J]. Plant and Soil, 2001, 232(1-2): 51-68.
[13]	Lovelock C E, Ball M C. Feller I C, et al. Variation in hydraulic conductivity of mangroves: influence of species, salinity, and nitrogen and phosphorus availability[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 2006, 127(3): 457-464.
[14]	Kang S Z, Zhang J H. Controlled alternate partial root-zone irrigation: its physiological consequences and impact on water use efficiency[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2004, 55(407): 2437-2446.
[15]	Gorska A, Ye Q, Holbrook N M, et al. Nitrate control of root hydraulic properties in plants: translating local information to whole plant response[J]. Plant Physiol, 2008, 148(2): 1159-1167.
[16]	Clarkson D T, Carvajal M, Henzler T, et al. Root hydraulic conductance: diurnal aquaporin expression and the effects of nutrient stress[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2000, 51(342): 61-70.
[17]	Friend A L, Eide M R, Hinckley T M. Nitrogen stress alters root proliferation in Douglas-fir seedlings[J]. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 1990, 20(9): 1524-1529.
[18]	毛达如. 植物营养研究方法[M]. 北京: 北京农业大学出版社, 1999.
[19]	李郑军, 许修宏. 不同地区大豆根瘤菌培养条件的优化[J].东北林业大学学报, 2009, 40(11): 11-13.
[20]	Steudle E, Peterson C A. How does water get through roots[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1998, 49(322):775-788.
[21]	姚利民, 李伏生, 佟玲土, 等. 土壤水分有效性对梭梭苗根系导水率的动态影响[J]. 农业机械学报, 2011, 42(5): 68-72.
[22]	Wan X C, Zwiazek J J. Mercuric chloride effects on root water transport in aspen seedlings[J]. Plant Physiol, 1999, 121(3): 939-946.
[23]	张翠萍, 孟平, 李建中, 等. 磷元素和土壤酸化交互作用对核桃幼苗光合特性的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38 (12): 1345-1355.
[24]	Prioul J, Chartier P. Partitioning of transfer and carboxylation components of intracellular resistance to photosynthetic CO₂ fixation: a critical analysis of the methods used[J]. Annals of Botany, 1977, 41(4): 789-800.
[25]	Schipanski M, Drinkwater L, Russelle M. Understanding the variability in soybean nitrogen fixation across agroecosysterms[J]. Plant and soil, 2010, 329(1-2):379-397.
[26]	Fustec J, Lesulfleur F, Mahieu S, et al. Nitrogen rhizodeposition of legumes[J]. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2010, 30(1):57-66.
[27]	张虎天,郭丽琢,柴强,等.接种根瘤菌对豌豆/玉米体系根际细菌数量及氮营养的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报, 2011, 46 (1): 30-33.
[28]	郭丽琢,张虎天,何亚慧,等.根瘤菌接种对豌豆-玉米间作系统作物生长及氮素营养的影响[J].草业学报,2012,21(1):43-49.
[29]	姜琳琳, 韩立思, 韩晓日, 等. 氮素对玉米幼苗生长、根系形态及氮素吸收利用效率的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011,17(1):247-253.
[30]	Caldwell M, Dudley L, Lilieholm B. Soil solution phosphate, root uptake kinetics and nutrient acquisition: implications for a patchy soil environment[J]. Oecologia, 1992, 89(3): 305-309.
[31]	George E, Seith B, Schaeffer C, et al. Responses of Picea, Pinus and Pseudotsuga roots to heterogeneous nutrient distribution in soil[J]. Tree Physiology, 1997, 17(1): 39-45.
[32]	Steudle E. Water uptake by plant roots: an integration of views[J]. Plant and Soil, 2000, 226(1): 45-56.
[33]	慕自新, 张岁岐, 梁爱华, 等. 玉米整株根系水导与其表型抗旱性的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2005, 31(2): 203-208.
[34]	荀俊杰, 李俊英, 陈建, 等. 幼龄柠条细根现存量与环境因子的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(4):764-771.
[35]	Zobel R W. Sensitivity analysis of computer based diameter measurement from digital images[J]. Crop Science, 2003 43(2):583-591.

Effects of Intercropped Vigna radiata on Root Hydraulic Conductance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Juglans regia Seedlings

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Effects of Intercropped Vigna radiata on Root Hydraulic Conductance and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Juglans regia Seedlings

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