Management Models for Natural Forests in Northwestern China

HUI Gang-ying; ZHAO Zhong-hua; HU Yan-bo; ZHANG Gong-qiao; LIU Wen-zhen; BAI Chao

Volume 29 Issue 2

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Article Navigation > Forest Research > 2016 > 29(2): 155-161

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Management Models for Natural Forests in Northwestern China

1.
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry
2.
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2015-09-14

Abstract

[Objective]To design the forest management models combining and assembling the existing, proven and effective management methods and techniques.[Method]The forest management types were determined by the number of large-and medium-diameter trees in the forest and the management measures were adopted based on a number of management experiments or research outcomes.The management objectives of natural forest were set as the protection and cultivation of healthy, stable, high-quality and efficient forest. By adjusting the small trees crowding,the uniformity of large tree, the forest layers, the sapling opening, the soil fertility maintenance and structure-based forest management technical measures, current natural forests can evolve into continual cover forests in the period of about a hundred years. [Result] 20 management models were designed, involving 3 categories of forests, namely 9 types of multi-storied uneven-aged coniferous forests (pine, spruce), 4 types of oak-broadleaved mixed forests and 7 types of pine-oak (broadleaved) mixed forests.The designed natural forest management models included whole stand management measures and individual tree management measures, while structure-based forest management technical measures were implemented in all measures of individual tree management.[Conclusion] The research provides both advanced and practical technology guidance for the protection and cultivation of the natural forest in Northwestern China.These management models can offer some management references for natural forests in other regions.
- natural forest,
- management model,
- continual cover forest,
- structure-based management,
- Northwestern China

References

[1]	刘世荣,马姜明,缪宁. 中国天然林保护、生态恢复与可持续经营的理论与技术[J]. 生态学报,2015, 35(1):212-218.
[2]	Kramer H. Waldwachstumslehre[M]. Hamburg und Berlin: Verlag Paul Parey, 1988.
[3]	Wenk G, Antanaitis V, Šmelko Š. Waldertragslehre[M]. DeutscherLandwirtschaftsverlag: Berlin GmbH, 1990.
[4]	盛炜彤, 范少辉. 人工林长期生产力保持机制研究的背景、现状和趋势[J]. 林业科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 106-115.
[5]	Gayer K. Der Waldbau[M]. Berlin: VerlagParey,1882.
[6]	Möller A. Der Dauerwaldgedanke: SeinSinn und seine Bedeutung[M]. Berlin:Verlag Julius Springer, 1922.
[7]	Abetz P. ZurStandraumregulierung in Mischbeständen und Auswahl von Zukunftsbäumen[J]. AllgemeineForst-und Jagdzeitung, 1974, 145: 871-873.
[8]	Gurnaud A. Lasylviculturefrançaise et la méthode du contrôle[M].Besançon:Jacquin, 1886.
[9]	Biolley H. Barême du tarifconventionnel unique pour l'application du controle au traitement des forêtspar[M]. Georges: Bridel&cie, 1890.
[10]	陈大珂,周晓峰,视宁,等.天然次生林结构·功能·动态与经营[M].哈尔滨: 东北林业大学出版社, 1994.
[11]	史建民, 孟尚贤. 甘肃省李子园林区群众抚育栎类, 山杨次生林效果的调查[J]. 林业实用技术, 1965, 8(9):11-12.
[12]	李国猷. 天然林保护工程多目标分类经营研究[J]. 世界林业研究, 2000, 13(6): 69-73.
[13]	袁士云. 甘肃省小龙山现有林分经营模式评价研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2010.
[14]	臧润国,刘静艳,董大方,等. 林隙动态与森林生物多样性[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社, 1999.
[15]	臧润国, 成克武, 李俊清,等. 天然林生物多样性保育与恢复[M]. 北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2005.
[16]	徐化成.中国红松天然林[M].北京: 中国林业出版社,2001.
[17]	唐守正.东北天然林生态采伐更新技术研究[M].北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2005.
[18]	张会儒,唐守正.东北天然林可持续经营技术研究[M].北京: 中国林业出版社, 2011.
[19]	代力民, 邵国凡. 森林经营决策--理论与实践[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2006.
[20]	惠刚盈, 胡艳波, 徐海. 结构化森林经营[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2007.
[21]	惠刚盈. 结构化森林经营技术指南[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2010.
[22]	Miao N, Liu S R, Yu H,et al. Spatial analysis of remnant tree effects in a secondary Abies_Betula forest on the eastern edge of the Qinghai_Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2014, 313: 104-111.
[23]	于政中, 亢新刚, 李法胜,等. 检查法第一经理期研究[J].林业科学,1996,32(1):24-34.
[24]	惠刚盈, 赵中华, 袁士云. 森林经营模式评价方法--以甘肃小陇山林区为例[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 47(11): 114-120.
[25]	惠刚盈,赵中华,袁士云. 胡艳波森林经营模式评价方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2012.
[26]	孙洪志, 张杰, 石丽艳, 等. 次生林改造中栽针保阔途径的工艺过程及效果分析[J]. 森林工程, 2004, 20(1): 1-2.
[27]	GBT_26424-2010.森林资源规划设计调查技术规程[S].
[28]	Moeur M. Spatial models of competition and gap dynamics in old-growthTsugaheterophylla/Thujaplicata forests. Stochastic spatial models in forestry[C].Proceedings of a IUFRO S, 1993, 4: 171-184.
[29]	Hanus M L, Hann D W, Marshall D D. Reconstructing the spatial pattern of trees from routine stand examination measurements[J]. Forest Science, 1998, 44(1): 125-133.
[30]	汤孟平. 森林空间结构分析与优化经营模型研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2003.
[31]	徐振邦, 代力民, 陈吉泉, 等. 长白山红松阔叶混交林森林天然更新条件的研究[J]. 生态学报, 2001, 21(9):1413-1420.
[32]	朱教君, 刘足根, 王贺新. 辽东山区长白落叶松人工林天然更新障碍分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(4): 695-703.
[33]	冉然, 张文辉. 间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎种子库及实生苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2013, 24(6): 1494-1500.
[34]	修勤绪,陆元昌,曹旭平,等.目标树林分作业对黄土高原油松人工林天然更新的影响[J].西南林学院学报,2009,29(2):13-19.
[35]	韩文娟. 陕西黄龙山林区不同生境油松人工林群落特征及更新研究[D].杨凌: 西北农林科技大学,2013.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Management Models for Natural Forests in Northwestern China

1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry

2. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2015-09-14

Abstract: [Objective]To design the forest management models combining and assembling the existing, proven and effective management methods and techniques.[Method]The forest management types were determined by the number of large-and medium-diameter trees in the forest and the management measures were adopted based on a number of management experiments or research outcomes.The management objectives of natural forest were set as the protection and cultivation of healthy, stable, high-quality and efficient forest. By adjusting the small trees crowding,the uniformity of large tree, the forest layers, the sapling opening, the soil fertility maintenance and structure-based forest management technical measures, current natural forests can evolve into continual cover forests in the period of about a hundred years. [Result] 20 management models were designed, involving 3 categories of forests, namely 9 types of multi-storied uneven-aged coniferous forests (pine, spruce), 4 types of oak-broadleaved mixed forests and 7 types of pine-oak (broadleaved) mixed forests.The designed natural forest management models included whole stand management measures and individual tree management measures, while structure-based forest management technical measures were implemented in all measures of individual tree management.[Conclusion] The research provides both advanced and practical technology guidance for the protection and cultivation of the natural forest in Northwestern China.These management models can offer some management references for natural forests in other regions.

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Reference (35)

[1]	刘世荣,马姜明,缪宁. 中国天然林保护、生态恢复与可持续经营的理论与技术[J]. 生态学报,2015, 35(1):212-218.
[2]	Kramer H. Waldwachstumslehre[M]. Hamburg und Berlin: Verlag Paul Parey, 1988.
[3]	Wenk G, Antanaitis V, Šmelko Š. Waldertragslehre[M]. DeutscherLandwirtschaftsverlag: Berlin GmbH, 1990.
[4]	盛炜彤, 范少辉. 人工林长期生产力保持机制研究的背景、现状和趋势[J]. 林业科学研究, 2004, 17(1): 106-115.
[5]	Gayer K. Der Waldbau[M]. Berlin: VerlagParey,1882.
[6]	Möller A. Der Dauerwaldgedanke: SeinSinn und seine Bedeutung[M]. Berlin:Verlag Julius Springer, 1922.
[7]	Abetz P. ZurStandraumregulierung in Mischbeständen und Auswahl von Zukunftsbäumen[J]. AllgemeineForst-und Jagdzeitung, 1974, 145: 871-873.
[8]	Gurnaud A. Lasylviculturefrançaise et la méthode du contrôle[M].Besançon:Jacquin, 1886.
[9]	Biolley H. Barême du tarifconventionnel unique pour l'application du controle au traitement des forêtspar[M]. Georges: Bridel&cie, 1890.
[10]	陈大珂,周晓峰,视宁,等.天然次生林结构·功能·动态与经营[M].哈尔滨: 东北林业大学出版社, 1994.
[11]	史建民, 孟尚贤. 甘肃省李子园林区群众抚育栎类, 山杨次生林效果的调查[J]. 林业实用技术, 1965, 8(9):11-12.
[12]	李国猷. 天然林保护工程多目标分类经营研究[J]. 世界林业研究, 2000, 13(6): 69-73.
[13]	袁士云. 甘肃省小龙山现有林分经营模式评价研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2010.
[14]	臧润国,刘静艳,董大方,等. 林隙动态与森林生物多样性[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社, 1999.
[15]	臧润国, 成克武, 李俊清,等. 天然林生物多样性保育与恢复[M]. 北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2005.
[16]	徐化成.中国红松天然林[M].北京: 中国林业出版社,2001.
[17]	唐守正.东北天然林生态采伐更新技术研究[M].北京: 中国科学技术出版社, 2005.
[18]	张会儒,唐守正.东北天然林可持续经营技术研究[M].北京: 中国林业出版社, 2011.
[19]	代力民, 邵国凡. 森林经营决策--理论与实践[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁科学技术出版社, 2006.
[20]	惠刚盈, 胡艳波, 徐海. 结构化森林经营[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2007.
[21]	惠刚盈. 结构化森林经营技术指南[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2010.
[22]	Miao N, Liu S R, Yu H,et al. Spatial analysis of remnant tree effects in a secondary Abies_Betula forest on the eastern edge of the Qinghai_Tibetan Plateau, China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2014, 313: 104-111.
[23]	于政中, 亢新刚, 李法胜,等. 检查法第一经理期研究[J].林业科学,1996,32(1):24-34.
[24]	惠刚盈, 赵中华, 袁士云. 森林经营模式评价方法--以甘肃小陇山林区为例[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 47(11): 114-120.
[25]	惠刚盈,赵中华,袁士云. 胡艳波森林经营模式评价方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2012.
[26]	孙洪志, 张杰, 石丽艳, 等. 次生林改造中栽针保阔途径的工艺过程及效果分析[J]. 森林工程, 2004, 20(1): 1-2.
[27]	GBT_26424-2010.森林资源规划设计调查技术规程[S].
[28]	Moeur M. Spatial models of competition and gap dynamics in old-growthTsugaheterophylla/Thujaplicata forests. Stochastic spatial models in forestry[C].Proceedings of a IUFRO S, 1993, 4: 171-184.
[29]	Hanus M L, Hann D W, Marshall D D. Reconstructing the spatial pattern of trees from routine stand examination measurements[J]. Forest Science, 1998, 44(1): 125-133.
[30]	汤孟平. 森林空间结构分析与优化经营模型研究[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2003.
[31]	徐振邦, 代力民, 陈吉泉, 等. 长白山红松阔叶混交林森林天然更新条件的研究[J]. 生态学报, 2001, 21(9):1413-1420.
[32]	朱教君, 刘足根, 王贺新. 辽东山区长白落叶松人工林天然更新障碍分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(4): 695-703.
[33]	冉然, 张文辉. 间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎种子库及实生苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报, 2013, 24(6): 1494-1500.
[34]	修勤绪,陆元昌,曹旭平,等.目标树林分作业对黄土高原油松人工林天然更新的影响[J].西南林学院学报,2009,29(2):13-19.
[35]	韩文娟. 陕西黄龙山林区不同生境油松人工林群落特征及更新研究[D].杨凌: 西北农林科技大学,2013.

Management Models for Natural Forests in Northwestern China

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Management Models for Natural Forests in Northwestern China

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