Effects of Sand Burial on Phenotypic Plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum

WANG Lin-long; LI Qing-he; XU Jun; XUE Hai-xia; JIANG Ze-ping

Volume 29 Issue 3

Article Contents

Turn off MathJax

Article Navigation > Forest Research > 2016 > 29(3): 442-447

Citation:

Effects of Sand Burial on Phenotypic Plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum

1.
Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry
2.
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2015-01-11

Abstract

[Objective] To understand the effect of sand burial on the phenotypic plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum,[Method] The cutting shoots of N. tangutorum were treated by sand burial under different depths (0, 5, 10, and 15 cm) and then to analyze the data collected.[Result] (1) With the increase of sand burial depth, the plant height, 15 cm stem diameter, leaf area, the amounts of leaf and adventitious root decreased, and the length or diameter of adventitious root increased at first and then decreased. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15 cm, the heights of the plant were respectively 62.82, 55.90, 52.38, and 49.24 cm, the 15 cm stem diameters were respectively 2.79, 2.48, 2.39, and 2.07 mm, the leaf areas were 477.81, 214.38, 247.90, and 112.91 cm2, the amounts of adventitious root were respectively 6.40, 3.80, 2.80, and 3.40, the lengths of adventitious root were respectively 10.19, 11.54, 13.92, 7.62 cm, the diameter of adventitious root were respectively 1.51, 1.95, 1.65, and 1.19 mm. (2) With the increase of sand burial depth, the above-ground biomass and the total biomass decreased, and the length, diameter of adventitious root and the below-ground biomass increased at first and then decreased, the biomass of above-ground/the below-ground biomass first decreased then increased. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15cm, the branch biomasses were respectively 6.29, 4.20, 3.09, and 2.75 g, the leaf biomasses were respectively 3.93, 2.52, 3.31, and 1.28 g, the total biomasses were respectively 10.81, 7.53, 7.41, and 4.30 g, the below-ground biomasses were respectively 0.59, 0.81, 0.59, and 0.28 g, the biomass of above-ground/the below-ground biomass respectively is 17.32、8.30、10.85、14.39. (3) The daily averages of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of N. tangutorum increased gradually. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15 cm, the daily averages of net photosynthetic rate were respectively 8.06, 9.39, 9.72, and 11.25 μmol·m-2·s-1, the daily averages of transpiration rate were respectively 5.56, 6.70, 6.77, and 7.61 mmol·m-2·s-1, the daily averages of stomatal conductance were respectively 0.28, 0.31, 0.31, and 0.36 mol·m-2·s-1. (4) Compared with the CK, the difference of chlorophyll contents of N. tangutorum was not significant. When the depth was 15 cm, the chlorophyll contents of N. tangutorum increased significantly, but the differences of the ratio of the chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b were not significant.[Conclusion] The phenotypic plasticity of morphology, biomass allocation and photosynthesis of N. tangutorum were greater under different sand burial depth, and when the sand burial depth was 15 cm, the differences of photosynthetic parameters of N. tangutorum responded to different sand burial depth were significant.
- Nitraria tangutorum,
- sand burial,
- phenotypic plasticity,
- morphology traits,
- photosynthesis

References

[1]	Bradshaw A D. Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. Advances in genetics, 1965, 13(1):115-155.
[2]	Schlichting C D. The evolution of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 1986, 17:667-693.
[3]	Stearns S C. The evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity[J]. Bioscience, 1989, 39(7):436-445.
[4]	Strand J A, Weisner S E B. Phenotypic plasticity-contrasting species-specific traits induced by identical environmental constraints[J]. New Phytologist, 2004, 163(3):449-451.
[5]	Sultan S E. An emerging focus on plant ecological development[J]. New Phytologist, 2005, 166(1):1-5.
[6]	Weinig C. Plasticity versus canalization:population differences in the timing of shade-avoidance responses[J]. Evolution, 2000, 54(2):441-451.
[7]	Portsmuth A, Niinemets ü. Structural and physiological plasticity in response to light and nutrients in five temperate deciduous woody species of contrasting shade tolerance[J]. Functional Ecology, 2007, 21(1):61-77.
[8]	Niinemets U. Photosynthesis and resource distribution through plant canopies[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2007, 30(9):1052-1071.
[9]	Maun M A. Adaptations enhancing survival and establishment of seedlings on coastal dune systems[J]. Vegetatio, 1994, 111(1):59-70.
[10]	Brown J F. Effects of experimental burial on survival, growth, and resource allocation of three species of dune plants[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1997, 85(2):151-158.
[11]	Yu F, Dong M, Krüsi B. Clonal integration helps Psammochloa villosa survive sand burial in an inland dune[J]. New Phytologist, 2004, 162(3):697-704.
[12]	Maun M A. Adaptations of plants to burial in coastal sand dunes[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1998, 76(5):713-738.
[13]	Van der Valk A G. Mineral cycling in coastal foredune plant communities in Cape Hatteras National Seashore[J]. Ecology, 1974, 55(6):1349-1358.
[14]	Maun M A, Lapierre J. The effects of burial by sand on Ammophila breviligulata[J]. The Journal of Ecology, 1984, 72(3):827-839.
[15]	Disraeli D J. The effect of sand deposits on the growth and morphology of Ammophila breviligulata[J]. The Journal of Ecology, 1984, 72(1):145-154.
[16]	Liu B, Liu Z, Guan D. Seedling growth variation in response to sand burial in four Artemisia species from different habitats in the semi-arid dune field[J]. Trees, 2008, 22(1):41-47.
[17]	Shi L, Zhang Z J, Zhang C Y, et al. Effects of sand burial on survival, growth, gas exchange and biomass allocation of Ulmus pumila seedlings in the Hunshandak Sandland, China[J]. Annals of botany, 2004, 94(4):553-560.
[18]	Dech J P, Maun M A. Adventitious root production and plastic resource allocation to biomass determine burial tolerance in woody plants from central Canadian coastal dunes[J]. Annals of botany, 2006, 98(5):1095-1105.
[19]	Zhao W Z, Li Q Y, Fang H Y. Effects of sand burial disturbance on seedling growth of Nitraria sphaerocarpa[J]. Plant and soil, 2007, 295(1):95-102.
[20]	张金鑫, 卢琦, 吴波,等. 白刺枝叶生长对人工模拟降雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(2):130-137.
[21]	朱雅娟, 贾子毅, 吴波,等. 模拟增雨对荒漠灌木白刺枝叶生长的促进作用[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(5):626-631.
[22]	何季, 吴波, 贾子毅,等. 白刺光合生理特性对人工模拟增雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26(1):58-64.
[23]	任昱, 吴波, 卢琦,等. 荒漠植物白刺叶片气孔性质对模拟增雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2015, 28(6):865-870.
[24]	倪建伟, 杨秀艳, 张华新,等. 唐古特白刺悬浮细胞对盐胁迫的生长与生理响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2015, 28(2):194-201.
[25]	倪建伟, 武香, 张华新,等. 3种白刺耐盐性的对比分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(1):48-53.
[26]	陈建勋, 王晓峰. 植物生理学实验指导(第二版)[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006.
[27]	Bergamini A, Peintinger M. Effects of light and nitrogen on morphological plasticity of the moss Calliergonella cuspidata[J]. Oikos, 2002, 96(2):355-363.
[28]	De Kroon H, Huber H, Stuefer J F, et al. A modular concept of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. New phytologist, 2005, 166(1):73-82.
[29]	Shibaike H, Ishiguri Y, Kawano S. Plastic responses to nutrient and light intensity gradients in populations of Oxalis corniculata L.(Oxalidaceae)[J]. Plant Species Biology, 1996, 11(2-3):213-223.
[30]	McConnaughay K D M, Coleman J S. Biomass allocation in plants:ontogeny or optimality? A test along three resource gradients[J]. Ecology, 1999, 80(8):2581-2593.
[31]	Sultan S E. Phenotypic plasticity for plant development, function and life history[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12):537-542.
[32]	Pigliucci M. Phenotypic plasticity:beyond nature and nurture[M]. Baltimore:JHU Press, 2001.
[33]	靳甜甜, 刘国华, 胡婵娟, 等. 黄土高原常见造林树种光合蒸腾特征[J]. 生态学报, 2008, 28(11):5758-5765.
[34]	高百可, 杨劫, 刘瑞香. 不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株光合作用, 蒸腾作用及水分利用效率特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(11):6025-6034.
[35]	Maun M A. effects of burial by sand on survival and growth of Calamovilfa longifolia[J]. Ecoscience, 1996, 3:93-100.

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views(2993) PDF downloads(1087) Cited by()

Proportional views

Effects of Sand Burial on Phenotypic Plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum

1. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry

2. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2015-01-11

Abstract: [Objective] To understand the effect of sand burial on the phenotypic plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum,[Method] The cutting shoots of N. tangutorum were treated by sand burial under different depths (0, 5, 10, and 15 cm) and then to analyze the data collected.[Result] (1) With the increase of sand burial depth, the plant height, 15 cm stem diameter, leaf area, the amounts of leaf and adventitious root decreased, and the length or diameter of adventitious root increased at first and then decreased. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15 cm, the heights of the plant were respectively 62.82, 55.90, 52.38, and 49.24 cm, the 15 cm stem diameters were respectively 2.79, 2.48, 2.39, and 2.07 mm, the leaf areas were 477.81, 214.38, 247.90, and 112.91 cm2, the amounts of adventitious root were respectively 6.40, 3.80, 2.80, and 3.40, the lengths of adventitious root were respectively 10.19, 11.54, 13.92, 7.62 cm, the diameter of adventitious root were respectively 1.51, 1.95, 1.65, and 1.19 mm. (2) With the increase of sand burial depth, the above-ground biomass and the total biomass decreased, and the length, diameter of adventitious root and the below-ground biomass increased at first and then decreased, the biomass of above-ground/the below-ground biomass first decreased then increased. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15cm, the branch biomasses were respectively 6.29, 4.20, 3.09, and 2.75 g, the leaf biomasses were respectively 3.93, 2.52, 3.31, and 1.28 g, the total biomasses were respectively 10.81, 7.53, 7.41, and 4.30 g, the below-ground biomasses were respectively 0.59, 0.81, 0.59, and 0.28 g, the biomass of above-ground/the below-ground biomass respectively is 17.32、8.30、10.85、14.39. (3) The daily averages of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of N. tangutorum increased gradually. It was found that when the sand burial depths were 0, 5, 10, and 15 cm, the daily averages of net photosynthetic rate were respectively 8.06, 9.39, 9.72, and 11.25 μmol·m-2·s-1, the daily averages of transpiration rate were respectively 5.56, 6.70, 6.77, and 7.61 mmol·m-2·s-1, the daily averages of stomatal conductance were respectively 0.28, 0.31, 0.31, and 0.36 mol·m-2·s-1. (4) Compared with the CK, the difference of chlorophyll contents of N. tangutorum was not significant. When the depth was 15 cm, the chlorophyll contents of N. tangutorum increased significantly, but the differences of the ratio of the chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b were not significant.[Conclusion] The phenotypic plasticity of morphology, biomass allocation and photosynthesis of N. tangutorum were greater under different sand burial depth, and when the sand burial depth was 15 cm, the differences of photosynthetic parameters of N. tangutorum responded to different sand burial depth were significant.

HTML

Reference (35)

[1]	Bradshaw A D. Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. Advances in genetics, 1965, 13(1):115-155.
[2]	Schlichting C D. The evolution of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 1986, 17:667-693.
[3]	Stearns S C. The evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity[J]. Bioscience, 1989, 39(7):436-445.
[4]	Strand J A, Weisner S E B. Phenotypic plasticity-contrasting species-specific traits induced by identical environmental constraints[J]. New Phytologist, 2004, 163(3):449-451.
[5]	Sultan S E. An emerging focus on plant ecological development[J]. New Phytologist, 2005, 166(1):1-5.
[6]	Weinig C. Plasticity versus canalization:population differences in the timing of shade-avoidance responses[J]. Evolution, 2000, 54(2):441-451.
[7]	Portsmuth A, Niinemets ü. Structural and physiological plasticity in response to light and nutrients in five temperate deciduous woody species of contrasting shade tolerance[J]. Functional Ecology, 2007, 21(1):61-77.
[8]	Niinemets U. Photosynthesis and resource distribution through plant canopies[J]. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2007, 30(9):1052-1071.
[9]	Maun M A. Adaptations enhancing survival and establishment of seedlings on coastal dune systems[J]. Vegetatio, 1994, 111(1):59-70.
[10]	Brown J F. Effects of experimental burial on survival, growth, and resource allocation of three species of dune plants[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1997, 85(2):151-158.
[11]	Yu F, Dong M, Krüsi B. Clonal integration helps Psammochloa villosa survive sand burial in an inland dune[J]. New Phytologist, 2004, 162(3):697-704.
[12]	Maun M A. Adaptations of plants to burial in coastal sand dunes[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany, 1998, 76(5):713-738.
[13]	Van der Valk A G. Mineral cycling in coastal foredune plant communities in Cape Hatteras National Seashore[J]. Ecology, 1974, 55(6):1349-1358.
[14]	Maun M A, Lapierre J. The effects of burial by sand on Ammophila breviligulata[J]. The Journal of Ecology, 1984, 72(3):827-839.
[15]	Disraeli D J. The effect of sand deposits on the growth and morphology of Ammophila breviligulata[J]. The Journal of Ecology, 1984, 72(1):145-154.
[16]	Liu B, Liu Z, Guan D. Seedling growth variation in response to sand burial in four Artemisia species from different habitats in the semi-arid dune field[J]. Trees, 2008, 22(1):41-47.
[17]	Shi L, Zhang Z J, Zhang C Y, et al. Effects of sand burial on survival, growth, gas exchange and biomass allocation of Ulmus pumila seedlings in the Hunshandak Sandland, China[J]. Annals of botany, 2004, 94(4):553-560.
[18]	Dech J P, Maun M A. Adventitious root production and plastic resource allocation to biomass determine burial tolerance in woody plants from central Canadian coastal dunes[J]. Annals of botany, 2006, 98(5):1095-1105.
[19]	Zhao W Z, Li Q Y, Fang H Y. Effects of sand burial disturbance on seedling growth of Nitraria sphaerocarpa[J]. Plant and soil, 2007, 295(1):95-102.
[20]	张金鑫, 卢琦, 吴波,等. 白刺枝叶生长对人工模拟降雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(2):130-137.
[21]	朱雅娟, 贾子毅, 吴波,等. 模拟增雨对荒漠灌木白刺枝叶生长的促进作用[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(5):626-631.
[22]	何季, 吴波, 贾子毅,等. 白刺光合生理特性对人工模拟增雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26(1):58-64.
[23]	任昱, 吴波, 卢琦,等. 荒漠植物白刺叶片气孔性质对模拟增雨的响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2015, 28(6):865-870.
[24]	倪建伟, 杨秀艳, 张华新,等. 唐古特白刺悬浮细胞对盐胁迫的生长与生理响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2015, 28(2):194-201.
[25]	倪建伟, 武香, 张华新,等. 3种白刺耐盐性的对比分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2012, 25(1):48-53.
[26]	陈建勋, 王晓峰. 植物生理学实验指导(第二版)[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006.
[27]	Bergamini A, Peintinger M. Effects of light and nitrogen on morphological plasticity of the moss Calliergonella cuspidata[J]. Oikos, 2002, 96(2):355-363.
[28]	De Kroon H, Huber H, Stuefer J F, et al. A modular concept of phenotypic plasticity in plants[J]. New phytologist, 2005, 166(1):73-82.
[29]	Shibaike H, Ishiguri Y, Kawano S. Plastic responses to nutrient and light intensity gradients in populations of Oxalis corniculata L.(Oxalidaceae)[J]. Plant Species Biology, 1996, 11(2-3):213-223.
[30]	McConnaughay K D M, Coleman J S. Biomass allocation in plants:ontogeny or optimality? A test along three resource gradients[J]. Ecology, 1999, 80(8):2581-2593.
[31]	Sultan S E. Phenotypic plasticity for plant development, function and life history[J]. Trends in plant science, 2000, 5(12):537-542.
[32]	Pigliucci M. Phenotypic plasticity:beyond nature and nurture[M]. Baltimore:JHU Press, 2001.
[33]	靳甜甜, 刘国华, 胡婵娟, 等. 黄土高原常见造林树种光合蒸腾特征[J]. 生态学报, 2008, 28(11):5758-5765.
[34]	高百可, 杨劫, 刘瑞香. 不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株光合作用, 蒸腾作用及水分利用效率特征[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(11):6025-6034.
[35]	Maun M A. effects of burial by sand on survival and growth of Calamovilfa longifolia[J]. Ecoscience, 1996, 3:93-100.

Effects of Sand Burial on Phenotypic Plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Proportional views

Effects of Sand Burial on Phenotypic Plasticity of Nitraria tangutorum

HTML

Catalog

Export File

Citation

Format

Content