Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root and Leaf of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

WANG Na; CHENG Rui-mei; XIAO Wen-fa; SHEN Ya-fei

Volume 29 Issue 4

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Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root and Leaf of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

1.
Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China

Received Date: 2015-02-14

Abstract

[Objective] By studying C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg nutrient in root and leaf of Pinus massoniana to understand the stoichiometric and nutrient distribution characteristics of roots and leaves in growing or no-growing season, and the correlation between the chemical traits. [Method] In this study, in July 2014 and November 2014, the soil column method was used to collect root samples and the high branch scissors was used to collect the healthy leaves from the second sections in branches, and then the nutrients content were investigated by laboratory data analysis. [Result] The results showed: (1) The root C nutrient content, C:N and C:P of P. massoniana in no-growing season showed a decreasing trend compared with that in growing season, while all the others showed a increasing trend. (2) The C content of roots increased with the increase of diameter, but the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents decreased with the increase of diameter. (3) The diameter, sampling time and root diameter × time had very significant effect on nutrient content and the stoichiometry of C, N, and P nutrient, but the sampling time had little effect on coarse root C, N contents and C:N. (4) The analysis of correlation revealed that the C and N contents of fine root had very significant negative correlation, the N and P of fine root had very significant positive correlation, the variation in C:N was determined by C and N contents and in N:P by N and P contents. Meanwhile, the variation of coarse root in C:N was determined by N content and in N:P was determined by P content. (5) From leaf to root, the C, N, P, and K contents decreased, but Ca and Mg contents increased. The correlation analysis indicated that nutrient content of root and leaf had little correlation, except C and K nutrient. [Conclusion] The relationship between nutrient content of roots and leaves was weak, and the relative demand of different nutrient were different; Compared with the growing season, N, P, K, Ca, Mg content of roots in non-growing season was significantly increased; The coupling relationship between C and N or N and P only appeared in fine roots.
- Three Gorges Reservoir Area,
- Pinus massoniana,
- nutrient characteristics,
- stoichiometric characteristics,
- root,
- leaf

References

[1]	Finér L, Ohashi M, Noguchi K, et al.Factors causing variation in fine root biomass in forest ecosystems[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2011a, 261 (2): 265-277.
[2]	Finér L, Ohashi M, Noguchi K, et al.Fine root production and turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to stand and environmental characteristics[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2011b, 262(11): 2008-2023.
[3]	王存国, 韩士杰, 周玉梅, 等.长白山阔叶红松林群落的细根现存量及养分内循环[J].林业科学, 2012, 48(3): 0148-0153.
[4]	Gordon W S, Jackson R B.Nutrient concentrations in fine roots[J].Ecology, 2000, 81( 1): 275-280.
[5]	Wells C E, Eissenstat D M.Marked differences in survivorship among apple Roots of Different Diameters[J].Ecology, 2001, 82(3): 882-892.
[6]	Guo D L, Mitchell R J, Hendricks J J.Fine root branch orders respond differentially to carbon source-sink manipulations in a longleaf pine forest[J].Oecologia, 2004, 140( 3): 450-457.
[7]	Yang K, Huang J H, Dong D, et al.Canopy leaf N and P stoichiometry in grassland communities of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34:17-22.
[8]	宋彦涛, 周道玮, 李强, 等.松嫩草地80中草木植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报, 2012, 36(2):222-230.
[9]	Chen Y H, Han W X , Tang L Y, et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of woody plants differ in responses to climate, soil and pant growth form[J]. Ecography, 2013, 36:178-184.
[10]	Guo D L, Xia M, Wei X, et al.Anatomical traits associated with absorption and mycorrhizal colonization are linked to branch order in twenty-three Chinese temperate tree species[J].New phytologist, 2008, 180: 673-683.
[11]	Schreeg L A, Santlago L S, Wright S J, et al.Stem, root, and older leaf N:P ratios are more responsive indicators of soil nutrient availability than new foliage[J].Ecology , 2014, 95:2062-2068.
[12]	葛晓改, 肖文发, 曾立雄, 等.三峡库区不同林龄马尾松土壤养分与酶活性的关系[J].应用生态学报, 2012(02):445-451.
[13]	熊德成, 黄锦学, 杨智杰, 等.亚热带六种天然林树种细根养分异质性[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(14):4343-4351.
[14]	Yuan Z, Chen H.Fine root biomass, production, turnover rates, and nutrient contents in boreal forest ecosystems in relation to species, climate, fertility, and stand age: literature review and meta-analyses[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2010, 29 (4):204-221.
[15]	Pregitzer K S, Zak D R, Curtis P S, et al.Atmospheric CO2, soil nitrogen and turnover of fine root[J]. New Phytologist, 1995, 129(4) :579-585.
[16]	Pregitzer K S.Woody plants, carbon allocation and fine roots[J].New Phytologist, 2003, 158 (3) :421-424.
[17]	Nguyen P V, Dickmann D I, Pregitzer K S, et al.Late-season changes in allocation of starch and sugar to shoots, coarse roots, and fine roots in two hybrid poplar clones[J].Tree Physiol, 1990, 7:95-105.
[18]	Cerasoli S, Maillard P, Scartazza A, et al. Carbon and nitrogen winter storage and remobilisation during seasonal flush growth in two-year-old cork oak (Quercus suber L.) saplings[J].Ann For Sci, 2004, 61:721-729.
[19]	Nahm M, Holst T, Matzarakis A, et al.Soluble N compound profiles and concentrations in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) are influenced by local climate and thinning[J]. Eur J. For Res, 2006, 125:1-14.DOI 10.1007/s10342-005-0103-5.
[20]	潘瑞炽, 王小菁, 李娘辉.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[21]	黄石竹.水曲柳和落叶松细根养分内循环的研究[D].硕士学位论文.东北林业大学, 2006.
[22]	Nambiar E K S.Do nutrients retranslocate from fine roots？[J] Can J For Res,1987, 17:913-918.
[23]	Fogel R, Hunt G.Contribution of mycorrhizal and soil fungi to nutrient cycling in a Douglas-fir ecosystem[J].Can J For Res, 1983, 219-231.
[24]	Sterner R W, Elser J J.Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere[M].Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.2002.
[25]	Agren G I.The C:N:P stoichiometry of autotrophs-theory and observations[J].Ecology Letters, 2004, 7:185-191.
[26]	Yuan Z Y, Chen H Y H, Reich P B.Global-scale latitudinal patterns of plant fine-root nitrogen and phosphorus[J].Nature Communications, 2011, 2, 344.
[27]	Reich P B, Oleksyn J.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and Latitude[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA.2004, 101:11001-11006.
[28]	马玉珠,钟全林,勒冰洁,等.中国植物细根碳、氮、磷化学计量学的空间变化及其影响因子[J].植物生态学报, 2015, 39(2): 159-166.
[29]	Kerkhoff A J, Enquist B J, Elser J J, et al.Plant allometry, stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of primary production[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 2005, 14, 585-598.
[30]	王晶苑, 王绍强, 李纫兰, 等.中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征[J].植物生态学报, 2011, 35(6) : 587-595.
[31]	王晓洁, 肖迪, 张凯, 等.凉水天然阔叶红松林植物叶片与细根的N:P化学计量特征[J].生态学杂志, 2015, 34(2) :3283-3288.
[32]	Güsewell S, Koerselman W.Variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of wetland plants[J].Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2002, 5(1) :37-6.
[33]	刘佳, 项文化, 徐晓, 等.湖南会同5个亚热带树种的细根构型及功能特征分析[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(8) :938-945.
[34]	Jackson R B, Mooney H A, Schulze E D.A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1997, 94:7362-7366.
[35]	Gregory S N, Stephen C H.Nutrient covariance between forest foliage and fine roots[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2006,236:136-141.
[36]	Chen G S, Yang Y S, Gao R, et al.Changes in belowground carbon allocation in a Chinese fir chronosequence in Fujian Province, China[J].Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(6):1285-1293.
[37]	Withington J M, Reich P B, Oleksyn J, et al.Comparisons of structure and life span in roots and leaves among temperate trees[J].Ecological Monographs, 2006, 76(3) :381-397.
[38]	周鹏, 耿燕, 马文红, 等.温带草地主要优势植物不同器官间功能性状的关联[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1):7-16.
[39]	Tjoelker M G, Craine J M, Wedin D, et al.Linking leaf and root trait syndromes among 39 grassland and savannah species[J].New Phytologist, 2005, 167(2):493-508.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root and Leaf of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

1. Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

2. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China

Received Date: 2015-02-14

Abstract: [Objective] By studying C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg nutrient in root and leaf of Pinus massoniana to understand the stoichiometric and nutrient distribution characteristics of roots and leaves in growing or no-growing season, and the correlation between the chemical traits. [Method] In this study, in July 2014 and November 2014, the soil column method was used to collect root samples and the high branch scissors was used to collect the healthy leaves from the second sections in branches, and then the nutrients content were investigated by laboratory data analysis. [Result] The results showed: (1) The root C nutrient content, C:N and C:P of P. massoniana in no-growing season showed a decreasing trend compared with that in growing season, while all the others showed a increasing trend. (2) The C content of roots increased with the increase of diameter, but the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents decreased with the increase of diameter. (3) The diameter, sampling time and root diameter × time had very significant effect on nutrient content and the stoichiometry of C, N, and P nutrient, but the sampling time had little effect on coarse root C, N contents and C:N. (4) The analysis of correlation revealed that the C and N contents of fine root had very significant negative correlation, the N and P of fine root had very significant positive correlation, the variation in C:N was determined by C and N contents and in N:P by N and P contents. Meanwhile, the variation of coarse root in C:N was determined by N content and in N:P was determined by P content. (5) From leaf to root, the C, N, P, and K contents decreased, but Ca and Mg contents increased. The correlation analysis indicated that nutrient content of root and leaf had little correlation, except C and K nutrient. [Conclusion] The relationship between nutrient content of roots and leaves was weak, and the relative demand of different nutrient were different; Compared with the growing season, N, P, K, Ca, Mg content of roots in non-growing season was significantly increased; The coupling relationship between C and N or N and P only appeared in fine roots.

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Reference (39)

[1]	Finér L, Ohashi M, Noguchi K, et al.Factors causing variation in fine root biomass in forest ecosystems[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2011a, 261 (2): 265-277.
[2]	Finér L, Ohashi M, Noguchi K, et al.Fine root production and turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to stand and environmental characteristics[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2011b, 262(11): 2008-2023.
[3]	王存国, 韩士杰, 周玉梅, 等.长白山阔叶红松林群落的细根现存量及养分内循环[J].林业科学, 2012, 48(3): 0148-0153.
[4]	Gordon W S, Jackson R B.Nutrient concentrations in fine roots[J].Ecology, 2000, 81( 1): 275-280.
[5]	Wells C E, Eissenstat D M.Marked differences in survivorship among apple Roots of Different Diameters[J].Ecology, 2001, 82(3): 882-892.
[6]	Guo D L, Mitchell R J, Hendricks J J.Fine root branch orders respond differentially to carbon source-sink manipulations in a longleaf pine forest[J].Oecologia, 2004, 140( 3): 450-457.
[7]	Yang K, Huang J H, Dong D, et al.Canopy leaf N and P stoichiometry in grassland communities of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34:17-22.
[8]	宋彦涛, 周道玮, 李强, 等.松嫩草地80中草木植物叶片氮磷化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报, 2012, 36(2):222-230.
[9]	Chen Y H, Han W X , Tang L Y, et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of woody plants differ in responses to climate, soil and pant growth form[J]. Ecography, 2013, 36:178-184.
[10]	Guo D L, Xia M, Wei X, et al.Anatomical traits associated with absorption and mycorrhizal colonization are linked to branch order in twenty-three Chinese temperate tree species[J].New phytologist, 2008, 180: 673-683.
[11]	Schreeg L A, Santlago L S, Wright S J, et al.Stem, root, and older leaf N:P ratios are more responsive indicators of soil nutrient availability than new foliage[J].Ecology , 2014, 95:2062-2068.
[12]	葛晓改, 肖文发, 曾立雄, 等.三峡库区不同林龄马尾松土壤养分与酶活性的关系[J].应用生态学报, 2012(02):445-451.
[13]	熊德成, 黄锦学, 杨智杰, 等.亚热带六种天然林树种细根养分异质性[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(14):4343-4351.
[14]	Yuan Z, Chen H.Fine root biomass, production, turnover rates, and nutrient contents in boreal forest ecosystems in relation to species, climate, fertility, and stand age: literature review and meta-analyses[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2010, 29 (4):204-221.
[15]	Pregitzer K S, Zak D R, Curtis P S, et al.Atmospheric CO2, soil nitrogen and turnover of fine root[J]. New Phytologist, 1995, 129(4) :579-585.
[16]	Pregitzer K S.Woody plants, carbon allocation and fine roots[J].New Phytologist, 2003, 158 (3) :421-424.
[17]	Nguyen P V, Dickmann D I, Pregitzer K S, et al.Late-season changes in allocation of starch and sugar to shoots, coarse roots, and fine roots in two hybrid poplar clones[J].Tree Physiol, 1990, 7:95-105.
[18]	Cerasoli S, Maillard P, Scartazza A, et al. Carbon and nitrogen winter storage and remobilisation during seasonal flush growth in two-year-old cork oak (Quercus suber L.) saplings[J].Ann For Sci, 2004, 61:721-729.
[19]	Nahm M, Holst T, Matzarakis A, et al.Soluble N compound profiles and concentrations in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) are influenced by local climate and thinning[J]. Eur J. For Res, 2006, 125:1-14.DOI 10.1007/s10342-005-0103-5.
[20]	潘瑞炽, 王小菁, 李娘辉.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
[21]	黄石竹.水曲柳和落叶松细根养分内循环的研究[D].硕士学位论文.东北林业大学, 2006.
[22]	Nambiar E K S.Do nutrients retranslocate from fine roots？[J] Can J For Res,1987, 17:913-918.
[23]	Fogel R, Hunt G.Contribution of mycorrhizal and soil fungi to nutrient cycling in a Douglas-fir ecosystem[J].Can J For Res, 1983, 219-231.
[24]	Sterner R W, Elser J J.Ecological Stoichiometry: The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere[M].Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.2002.
[25]	Agren G I.The C:N:P stoichiometry of autotrophs-theory and observations[J].Ecology Letters, 2004, 7:185-191.
[26]	Yuan Z Y, Chen H Y H, Reich P B.Global-scale latitudinal patterns of plant fine-root nitrogen and phosphorus[J].Nature Communications, 2011, 2, 344.
[27]	Reich P B, Oleksyn J.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and Latitude[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA.2004, 101:11001-11006.
[28]	马玉珠,钟全林,勒冰洁,等.中国植物细根碳、氮、磷化学计量学的空间变化及其影响因子[J].植物生态学报, 2015, 39(2): 159-166.
[29]	Kerkhoff A J, Enquist B J, Elser J J, et al.Plant allometry, stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of primary production[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 2005, 14, 585-598.
[30]	王晶苑, 王绍强, 李纫兰, 等.中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征[J].植物生态学报, 2011, 35(6) : 587-595.
[31]	王晓洁, 肖迪, 张凯, 等.凉水天然阔叶红松林植物叶片与细根的N:P化学计量特征[J].生态学杂志, 2015, 34(2) :3283-3288.
[32]	Güsewell S, Koerselman W.Variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of wetland plants[J].Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2002, 5(1) :37-6.
[33]	刘佳, 项文化, 徐晓, 等.湖南会同5个亚热带树种的细根构型及功能特征分析[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(8) :938-945.
[34]	Jackson R B, Mooney H A, Schulze E D.A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1997, 94:7362-7366.
[35]	Gregory S N, Stephen C H.Nutrient covariance between forest foliage and fine roots[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2006,236:136-141.
[36]	Chen G S, Yang Y S, Gao R, et al.Changes in belowground carbon allocation in a Chinese fir chronosequence in Fujian Province, China[J].Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(6):1285-1293.
[37]	Withington J M, Reich P B, Oleksyn J, et al.Comparisons of structure and life span in roots and leaves among temperate trees[J].Ecological Monographs, 2006, 76(3) :381-397.
[38]	周鹏, 耿燕, 马文红, 等.温带草地主要优势植物不同器官间功能性状的关联[J].植物生态学报, 2010, 34(1):7-16.
[39]	Tjoelker M G, Craine J M, Wedin D, et al.Linking leaf and root trait syndromes among 39 grassland and savannah species[J].New Phytologist, 2005, 167(2):493-508.

Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root and Leaf of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root and Leaf of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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