Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Tetracentron sinense, an Endangered Plant Species

LI Shan; GAN Xiao-hong; HAN Hong-yan; XU Ning; HOU Zheng-yang; CHEN Yang; DENG Xiao-juan

Volume 29 Issue 5

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Article Navigation > Forest Research > 2016 > 29(5): 687-697

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Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Tetracentron sinense, an Endangered Plant Species

1.
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
2.
College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2015-12-21

Abstract

[Objective] The leaf phenotypic traits of an endangered plant Tetracentron sinense were measured to understand the phenotypic variation. The purpose is to discuss the mechanism causing its endangering from the perspective of genetics and the ability to adapt to hostile conditions in order to provide some references for effective conservation and management. [Method] Seventeen leaf morphological characteristics and leaf epidermis micromorphological characteristics from 90 individuals of fourteen populations were measured. Nested analysis of variance, multi-comparison, principal components analysis, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis were used to study the leaf phenotypic variation and its relation to environmental factors. [Result] (1) Analysis of nested variance for all the traits showed significant differences among and within populations. (2) The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient for all the traits was 46.69%, and the variation within populations (31.83%) was higher than that among populations (28.85%), indicating that the variance within population is the main source of the phenotypic variation of the species. (3) The range of variation of coefficient of variance among the 17 traits was 4.17%~26.25%, and the average was 12.56%. (4) The leaf phenotypic variation of T. Sinense was related to the environmental factors, such as mean annual sunshine duration, mean temperature in July, and mean annual precipitation. The gradient rule of leaf phenotypic characteristics is presented along with longitude, latitude and altitude. (5) According to the cluster analysis based on the results of principal components analysis, the 14 natural populations of T. sinense could be divided into three groups. [Conclusion] There were moderate level of phenotypic differentiation among populations and low level of phenotypic variation within populations. The decreasing distribution range and poorer adaptability to changing environment were the main factors influencing the survival of T. sinense. According to above conclusions, some corresponding conservation measures were proposed to protect natural populations of T. sinense.
- Tetracentron sinense,
- phenotypic variation,
- leaf morphological characteristics,
- leaf epidermis micromorphological characteristics,
- natural population

References

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[7]	张萍. 水青树的地理分布及生态生物学特性研究[J]. 烟台师范学院学报(自然科学版), 1999, 02:70-72.
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[13]	憨宏艳, 许宁, 李珊, 等. 吸胀期低温处理对水青树种子萌发特性的影响[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 2015, 05:586-594.
[14]	Gan XH, Cao LL, Zhang XM, et al. Floral biology, breeding system and pollination ecology of an endangered tree Tetracentron sinense Oliv. (Trochodendraceae)[J]. Botanical Studies, 2013,54:50.
[15]	Yanxia Sun, Michael J.Moore, Liangliang Yue, et al. Chloroplast phylogeography of the East Asian Arcto-Tertiary relict Tetracentron sinense (Trochodendraceae)[J]. Journal of Biogeographhy,2014,41:1721-1732.
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[23]	谢春平, 方彦, 方炎明. 乌冈栎天然居群叶表型变异[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2011, 02:191-198.
[24]	韦艳梅, 王凌晖, 曹福亮, 等. 何首乌不同种源的叶性状变异及聚类分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 32:18136-18139.
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[27]	刘小芬, 刘剑秋, 杨成梓. 福建省不同居群轮叶蒲桃叶形态与表皮特征比较[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2009, 02:33-40.
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[29]	招礼军, 朱栗琼, 黄寿先,等. 不同种源鹅掌楸苗木叶解剖性状的遗传多样性[J]. 广西植物, 2014, 03:308-314.
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[34]	郑昕, 孟超, 姬志峰, 等. 脱皮榆山西天然居群叶性状表型多样性研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2013, 10:1951-1960.
[35]	杨艳, 刘强, 尹翔, 等. 湖南白檀居群形态多样性及与环境的相关性[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 01:80-86.
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[40]	李树发, 李纯佳, 蹇洪英, 等.云南香格里拉特有易危植物中甸刺玫的表型多样性[J].园艺学报, 2013, 05:924-932.
[41]	杨维泽, 金航, 李晚谊, 等.濒危植物云南黄连不同居群表型多样性研究[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 05:719-726.
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Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Tetracentron sinense, an Endangered Plant Species

1. Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China

2. College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2015-12-21

Abstract: [Objective] The leaf phenotypic traits of an endangered plant Tetracentron sinense were measured to understand the phenotypic variation. The purpose is to discuss the mechanism causing its endangering from the perspective of genetics and the ability to adapt to hostile conditions in order to provide some references for effective conservation and management. [Method] Seventeen leaf morphological characteristics and leaf epidermis micromorphological characteristics from 90 individuals of fourteen populations were measured. Nested analysis of variance, multi-comparison, principal components analysis, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis were used to study the leaf phenotypic variation and its relation to environmental factors. [Result] (1) Analysis of nested variance for all the traits showed significant differences among and within populations. (2) The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient for all the traits was 46.69%, and the variation within populations (31.83%) was higher than that among populations (28.85%), indicating that the variance within population is the main source of the phenotypic variation of the species. (3) The range of variation of coefficient of variance among the 17 traits was 4.17%~26.25%, and the average was 12.56%. (4) The leaf phenotypic variation of T. Sinense was related to the environmental factors, such as mean annual sunshine duration, mean temperature in July, and mean annual precipitation. The gradient rule of leaf phenotypic characteristics is presented along with longitude, latitude and altitude. (5) According to the cluster analysis based on the results of principal components analysis, the 14 natural populations of T. sinense could be divided into three groups. [Conclusion] There were moderate level of phenotypic differentiation among populations and low level of phenotypic variation within populations. The decreasing distribution range and poorer adaptability to changing environment were the main factors influencing the survival of T. sinense. According to above conclusions, some corresponding conservation measures were proposed to protect natural populations of T. sinense.

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Reference (53)

[1]	Fu Qin Wu, Shi Kang Shen, et al. Genetic diversity and population structure of an extremely endangered species:the world's largest Rhododendron[J]. AOB Plants, 2014:1.
[2]	张恒庆, 张文辉. 保护生物学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2009:67.
[3]	明军, 顾万春. 紫丁香表型多样性研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 02:199-204.
[4]	李文英, 顾万春. 蒙古栎天然群体表型多样性研究[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 01:49-56.
[5]	Bosabalidis AM, Kofidis G.. Comparative effects of droughtstress on leaf anatomy of two olive cultivars[J]. Plant Sci, 2002, 163(2):375-379.
[6]	Fu DZ, Bartholomew B. Tetracentron in Wu ZY and Raven PH.Flora of China[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1992:590-591.
[7]	张萍. 水青树的地理分布及生态生物学特性研究[J]. 烟台师范学院学报(自然科学版), 1999, 02:70-72.
[8]	张萍. 水青树科的木材解剖[J]. 西北植物学报, 1990, 03:185-189.
[9]	罗士德, 中草药抗艾滋病病毒活性研究[M]. 云南:云南科技出版社,1998:63
[10]	Wang Y F, Lai G F, Efferth T, et al. New glycosides from Tetracentron sinense and their cytotoxic activity[J]. ChemBiodiv, 2006,3(9):1023-1030.
[11]	傅立国, 金鉴明. 中国植物红皮书[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1992:590-591.
[12]	李怀春, 甘小洪, 张泽鹏, 等.不同海拔与母树大小对水青树种子生物学特性的影响[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 2015, 02:177-183.
[13]	憨宏艳, 许宁, 李珊, 等. 吸胀期低温处理对水青树种子萌发特性的影响[J]. 植物分类与资源学报, 2015, 05:586-594.
[14]	Gan XH, Cao LL, Zhang XM, et al. Floral biology, breeding system and pollination ecology of an endangered tree Tetracentron sinense Oliv. (Trochodendraceae)[J]. Botanical Studies, 2013,54:50.
[15]	Yanxia Sun, Michael J.Moore, Liangliang Yue, et al. Chloroplast phylogeography of the East Asian Arcto-Tertiary relict Tetracentron sinense (Trochodendraceae)[J]. Journal of Biogeographhy,2014,41:1721-1732.
[16]	张林, 罗天祥. 植物叶寿命及其相关叶性状的生态学研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2004, 06:844-852.
[17]	Heather M. Joesting, Brain C. McCarthy, Kim J. Brown. Determining the shade tolerance of American chestnut using morphological and physiological leaf parameters[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2009, 257:280-286.
[18]	王英姿. 灵石山不同海拔米槠林优势种叶片δ¹³C值与叶属性因子的相关性[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 10:3129-3137.
[19]	王勋陵, 王静. 植物的形态结构与环境[M]. 兰州:兰州大学出版社, 1989:105-138.
[20]	刘晓, 岳明, 任毅. 独叶草叶片性状表型多样性研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2011, 05:950-957.
[21]	郝蕾, 张国盛, 白玉荣, 等.北沙柳居群间叶片性状的变异[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2015, 10:112-116.
[22]	倪书邦, 毛常丽, 吴裕, 等. 云南保存橡胶树部分种质资源叶表型变异分析[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2012, 03:32-35.
[23]	谢春平, 方彦, 方炎明. 乌冈栎天然居群叶表型变异[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2011, 02:191-198.
[24]	韦艳梅, 王凌晖, 曹福亮, 等. 何首乌不同种源的叶性状变异及聚类分析[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 32:18136-18139.
[25]	戚继忠. 川榛分类等级的研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报, 1996, 02:72-75.
[26]	田青, 曹致中, 张睿. 基于数码相机和AutoCAD软件测定园林植物叶面积的简便方法[J]. 草原与草坪, 2008, 03:25-28.
[27]	刘小芬, 刘剑秋, 杨成梓. 福建省不同居群轮叶蒲桃叶形态与表皮特征比较[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2009, 02:33-40.
[28]	陆畅, 王芳, 张小平. 不同地区青檀叶片的解剖及表皮特征的比较研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 2012, 04:337-351.
[29]	招礼军, 朱栗琼, 黄寿先,等. 不同种源鹅掌楸苗木叶解剖性状的遗传多样性[J]. 广西植物, 2014, 03:308-314.
[30]	沈熙环. 林木育种学[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社, 1988:166-167.
[31]	葛颂, 王明庥, 陈岳武. 用同工酶研究马尾松群体的遗传结构[J]. 林业科学, 1988, 04:399-409.
[32]	解新明, 云锦凤.植物遗传多样性及其检测方法[J]. 中国草地, 2000, 06:52-60.
[33]	竺利波, 顾万春, 李斌. 紫荆群体表型性状多样性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 03:138-145.
[34]	郑昕, 孟超, 姬志峰, 等. 脱皮榆山西天然居群叶性状表型多样性研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2013, 10:1951-1960.
[35]	杨艳, 刘强, 尹翔, 等. 湖南白檀居群形态多样性及与环境的相关性[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2015, 01:80-86.
[36]	潘红丽, 李迈和, 蔡小虎, 等. 海拔梯度上的植物生长与生理生态特性[J]. 生态环境学报, 2009, 02:722-730.
[37]	李书靖, 周建文, 刘健. 油松地理变异及种源选择的研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 1991, 06:650-655.
[38]	徐化成. 油松地理变异和种源选择[M]. 中国林业出版社, 北京:1991:15.
[39]	舒枭, 杨志玲, 杨旭, 等.不同种源厚朴叶片性状变异及幼苗生长量研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2009, 04:19-25.
[40]	李树发, 李纯佳, 蹇洪英, 等.云南香格里拉特有易危植物中甸刺玫的表型多样性[J].园艺学报, 2013, 05:924-932.
[41]	杨维泽, 金航, 李晚谊, 等.濒危植物云南黄连不同居群表型多样性研究[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 05:719-726.
[42]	顾婧婧, 金则新, 熊能. 濒危植物夏蜡梅花的形态变异[J].植物研究, 2010, 04:461-467.
[43]	李斌, 顾万春, 卢宝明. 白皮松天然群体种实性状表型多样性研究[J]. 生物多样性, 2002, 02:181-188.
[44]	肖亮, 蒋建雄, 易自力, 等. 广西省芒野生居群表型多样性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 04:43-50.
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Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Tetracentron sinense, an Endangered Plant Species

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Leaf Phenotypic Traits of Tetracentron sinense, an Endangered Plant Species

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