Spatial Distribution of Phyllostachys praecox Gall under Two Management Patterns

GENG Xian-sheng; SHU Jin-ping; MENG Hai-lin

[Objective] The objective of the study is to clarify the characteristics of spatial distribution of Phyllostachys praecox gall under two management patterns. [Methods] Five aggregated indices and an aggregated formula were used to describe the spatial distribution patterns of Ph. praecox gall. The gall distribution under two different management patterns were compared. Through regression analysis, the relationship between the third-level shoots and the number of galls was determined. [Results] Statistical model analysis showed that the gall spatial distribution followed an uniformly aggregated pattern, and the basic components of gall was colony. The reasons for aggregation were the aggregation and characteristics of bamboo gall-makers. On the bamboo plant, significant difference was found in gall density among three layers of bamboo canopy. In rough management plots, the galls were concentrated in the middle layer of the canopy, the height is 3-4 m and 4-5 m sections. In intensively managed plots, the galls were concentrated in the upper layer of the canopy, the height is 2-3m section. In two different management patterns, there is a significant linear regression relation between the number of gall and the nunmber of third-level shoots. [Conclusion] Thespatial distribution of Ph. praecox gall followed an aggregated distribution pattern. There are significant differences in gall density among different heights of bamboo canopy. Management patterns will affect the distribution of gall, while obtruncation will affect the nunmber of third-level shoots. The nunmber of third-level shoots are related to the number of gall.

1. Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, Zhejiang, China

Received Date: 2016-05-10

Abstract: [Objective] The objective of the study is to clarify the characteristics of spatial distribution of Phyllostachys praecox gall under two management patterns. [Methods] Five aggregated indices and an aggregated formula were used to describe the spatial distribution patterns of Ph. praecox gall. The gall distribution under two different management patterns were compared. Through regression analysis, the relationship between the third-level shoots and the number of galls was determined. [Results] Statistical model analysis showed that the gall spatial distribution followed an uniformly aggregated pattern, and the basic components of gall was colony. The reasons for aggregation were the aggregation and characteristics of bamboo gall-makers. On the bamboo plant, significant difference was found in gall density among three layers of bamboo canopy. In rough management plots, the galls were concentrated in the middle layer of the canopy, the height is 3-4 m and 4-5 m sections. In intensively managed plots, the galls were concentrated in the upper layer of the canopy, the height is 2-3m section. In two different management patterns, there is a significant linear regression relation between the number of gall and the nunmber of third-level shoots. [Conclusion] Thespatial distribution of Ph. praecox gall followed an aggregated distribution pattern. There are significant differences in gall density among different heights of bamboo canopy. Management patterns will affect the distribution of gall, while obtruncation will affect the nunmber of third-level shoots. The nunmber of third-level shoots are related to the number of gall.

HTML

Reference (19)

[1]	易同培, 史军义, 马丽莎, 等.中国竹类图志[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2008.
[2]	易同培, 马丽莎, 史军义, 等.中国竹亚科属种检索表[M].北京:科学出版社, 2009.
[3]	叶致云.德清县早园竹培育管理技术[J]. 浙江林业科技, 1985,(1):18-19.
[4]	丁兴萃.覆盖栽培早竹开花的激素机制研究[J]. 林业科学, 2007,43(7):10-15.
[5]	耿显胜, 舒金平, 王浩杰.早园竹林2种造瘿小蜂及其形成的虫瘿的研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 2014,27(6):764-768.
[6]	莫建初, 王问学, 宋运堂, 等. 竹小蜂幼虫空间分布型及其抽样技术研究[J]. 中南林学院学报, 1992,12(2):116-123.
[7]	陈顺立, 吴晖, 陈更新. 竹小蜂幼虫空间分布型及抽样技术研究[J]. 华东昆虫学报, 1997,6(1):50-54.
[8]	Shibata E. Oviposition site preference of the bamboo gall maker, Aiolomorphus rhopaloides (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), on bamboo in terms of plant-vigor hypothesis[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2005, 40(4): 631-636.
[9]	Shibata E. Spatial density-independent parasitism of the inquiline, Diomorus aiolomorphi (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), on the bamboo gall maker, Aiolomorphusr hopaloides (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae)[J]. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2006, 41(3): 493-498.
[10]	徐汝梅, 李兆华, 李祖萌, 等. 温室白粉虱成虫空间分布型的研究[J]. 昆虫学报, 1980,23(3): 265-275.
[11]	丁岩钦. 昆虫数学生态学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1994.
[12]	Stone G M, Schönrogge K, Atkinson R J, et al. The population biology of oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2002, 47(1):633-668.
[13]	Fernandes G W, Coelho M S, Santos J C. Population ecology of galling arthropods in the Neotropics[M] // Fernandes G W, Santos J C. Neotropical insect galls. Dordrecht: Springer Science and Business Media, 2014:69-98.
[14]	Price P W. The plant vigor hypothesis and herbivore attack[J]. Oikos, 1991, 62(2): 244-251.
[15]	Cornelissen T, Fernandes W G, Vasconcellos-Neto J. Size does matter: variation in herbivory between and within plants and the plant vigor hypothesis[J]. Oikos, 2008, 117(8): 1121-1130.
[16]	Ozaki K, Yukawa J, Ohgushi T, et al. Galling arthropods and their associates[M]. Tokyo: Springer Verlag,2006.
[17]	Araújo A P A, De Paula J D A, Carneiro M A A, et al. Effects of host plant architecture on colonization by galling insects[J]. Austral Ecology, 2006, 31(3): 343-348
[18]	Espírito-Santo M M, Neves F S, Andrade-Neto F R, et al. Plant architecture and meristem dynamics as the mechanisms determining the diversity of gall-inducing insects[J]. Oecologia, 2007, 153(2): 353-364.
[19]	Lara D P, Oliveira L A, Azevedo I F P, et al. Relationships between host plant architecture and gall abundance and survival[J]. RevistaBrasileira de Entomologia, 2008, 52(1): 78-81.

Spatial Distribution of Phyllostachys praecox Gall under Two Management Patterns

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Proportional views